Pamaso pa zowonjezera mu ziphuphu zazing'onong'ono zimawonetseratu, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha ectopic pregnancy ndi infertility. Malingana ndi ziwerengero, kusokonekera uku kumachitika mwa 25% mwa amayi omwe sangathe kukhala ndi mwana. Cholinga cha mapangidwe m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a ma adhesi angakhale matenda opweteka omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda, makamaka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogonana - gonorrhea, hladimiosis. Kutupa kungayambitse ntchito yaikulu, kuchotsa mimba, kugwiritsa ntchito njira za kulera za intrauterine. Adnexitis, endometriosis (makamaka ndi kuchuluka kwa kufalikira), salpingitis amachititsa mapangidwe a ziwalo mu mazira a fallopian.
Zochita zokhudzana ndi kuchotsedwa kwa uterine fibroids, zowonjezereka, mazira a ovarian, mapuloteni otchedwa endometrial polyps, ectopic pregnancy amachitanso ntchito yovuta. Synechia (adhesions) mkati mwa khola lamakono ikhoza kutenga malo osiyana, kotero kutsekedwa kwa chiberekero cha uterine chimatha kapena chosakwanira. Ngakhale chifukwa cha kugwirana pang'ono, umuna sungathe kukumana ndi dzira, makamaka ngati wina akuganiza kuti izi zikuchitika mu lumen ya falsipian tube. Ngakhalenso ngati maselo ogonana agwirizanitsa, zothandizira sizilola kuti dzira la umuna lidutse mkati mwa chiwalo cha uterine. Pankhaniyi, dzira lopangidwa ndi feteleza lidzapitirizabe kukhala pamtunda, lomwe lidzatengera ma tubal mawonekedwe a ectopic pregnancy.
Nthaŵi zina mumatenda a ziwalo zimakhala zopanda zizindikiro. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri mkazi saganiza kuti mphamvu yake yamadzimadzi imasokonezeka m'thupi lake, kuyambira kumapeto kwa msambo kumadutsa popanda kuphwanya, vuto limangowonekera pokhapokha atayesa kutenga mimba (mayesero onse alephera). Kusanthula kwa kumatira kumachitidwa mothandizidwa ndi salpingography. Njira imeneyi ndikuti mtundu wamadzi wosiyanasiyana umayikidwa mu lumen wa mazira omwe amatha kupitilira, pambuyo pake kuyezetsa X-ray kumachitika. Ndondomeko yofanana imachitika musanayambe kuyamwa, chifukwa kuyamwa kwa dzira la umuna kumatha kuvulaza.
Chigawo cha mazira amatha kudziwika mothandizidwa ndi sonosalpingoscopy. Pa njirayi, wosabala saline amajambulidwa mu lumen ya mazira oyenda, kenako amatsatiridwa ndi ultrasound kuyesa mazira a fallopian.
Laparoscopy sikuti imangotchiza matendawo, komanso ndi cholinga cha matenda. Mu khomo la m'mimba kupyolera pamphuno pangТono kakang'ono kamene kamapangidwira, kumene laparoscope imalowetsamo, pambuyo pake chiberekero, mazira, ndi mazira amayang'aniridwa. Ndondomekoyi imachitidwa pansi pa anesthesia. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mankhwalawa amalowa mu khola lachiberekero, kenaka amapezeka pamene akulowetsa m'mimba. Ngati pali vuto lolowera, izi zikhoza kusokoneza kwathunthu kapena kutsekemera kwapadera kwa miyendo ya falsi. Ngati zowonjezera zimapezeka pamalo a ziwalo zapakhosi, zimachotsedwa ku nkhondo ya laparoscopic.
Ma spikes amatha kuchiritsidwa pokhapokha atachotsedwa. Poyamba, kuchotsedwa kwa ma adhesion kunkachitika mothandizidwa ndi laparotomy (opaleshoni ya cavitary). Masiku ano njira iyi siigwiritsidwe ntchito, koma njira yowonjezera yokhala ndi endoscopic imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imathandiza kupewa vuto la postoperative, spikes mu pepala laling'ono sichimodzimodzi.
Pogwiritsira ntchito laparoscopy, kutaya mwazi kungachepe kwambiri. Komanso, n'zotheka kufupikitsa nthawi yobwezeretsa chitatha opaleshoni. Mphamvu ya njirayi imadalira kukula kwa kusakanikirana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kutsekedwa kwa mazirawo kumatha, ndiye kuti njirayi siilondola, chifukwa sizingatheke kubwezeretsa ntchito yeniyeni ya ciliated epithelium, yomwe imayika ndi lumen ya chubu, motero, kuthetsa mwanayo kumakhala kosakwanira. Momwemonso, amayi akulangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito IVF (in vitro fertilization).