Chipatso cha Portolac - chomera cha pachaka, chogawidwa ngati mawonekedwe kulikonse. Masamba ndi masamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga saladi.
Large-flowered porcelain ndi chaka chilichonse yokongola chomera ndi yowala maluwa aakulu. Dziko ladzikoli ndi Brazil ndi Argentina. Ndi bwino kwa maluwa, koma akhoza kukhala wamkulu m'nyumba m'nyumba floriculture.
Portulak ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chikhoza kuikidwa pamiphika, misewu, mazenera, masitaki, ma bokosi.
Pulasitiki yaikulu imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wamaluwa. Anabzala m'mabedi, maluwa, akalulu, osungira miyala, malo otsetsereka, m'matanthwe ozungulira pa slabs a konkire. Ngati portolac yabzalidwa pa udzu wouma, ndiye kuti idzasintha udzu.
Mitundu.
Zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri. Dziko lachikhalidweli ndi South America (Uruguay, Argentina, Brazil). Mitundu imeneyi ndi zomera zotsalira (koma nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga chomera chaka ndi chaka) ndi minofu yowononga, malo ogona kapena zowongoka zomwe zimakula mpaka masentimita 30. Masamba cylindrical, minofu, m'litali amakula kufika 25 mm, ndi m'lifupi mpaka masentimita awiri.
M'chilimwe chomeracho chimapereka maluwa amodzi, m'mimba mwake kufika pafupifupi masentimita 3-4. Maluwa akhoza kukhala osiyana-siyana - kuchokera ku white mpaka chikasu kapena lala-lilac.
Kuwonekera koyambirira kwa zojambula zofiirazo kwakhala mtundu wa zifukwa zoyambira kuwonetsera chiwerengero chachikulu cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yambiri ndi aureole awiri kapena osavuta.
Iwo makamaka amalimidwa mwa mawonekedwe a chomera chokongola. M'mitundu yambiri ya zomera, maluwa amatha kutseguka nyengo yozizira patsiku. Komabe, pali mitundu yomwe imakhala mvula, maluwa amakhala otseguka, makamaka maluwa a terry, awa ndi mitundu - Cloudbeater, Sundance, Sunglo.
Munda wamakono ndi chaka chimodzi, chowongolera chomera chomera, chomwe chikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Kutalika kwa mitundu iyi kumakula mpaka masentimita 10-30. Wakhala wofiira kwambiri, woboola, wokwawa pamtunda kapena wodwalayo, zimayambira. Masamba a mchenga, minofu, 1.5-3 masentimita m'litali, ndi matanthwe atatu, oblong - spatulate. Mu sinus ya masamba apamwamba m'nyengo yozizira, maluwa ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa, kaya amodzi, kapena amakhala ndi maluwa 2-5. Maluwa a mitundu iyi ali ndi chikasu chowala. Kukonza kwa duwa mu dimer ndi 7-8 mm, kuli ndi 4-6 obovate pambali, calyx ya duwa amapangidwa ndi awiri sepals. Maluwa a maluwa a pakhomo amamera mu June-August.
Portulac: Chisamaliro.
Portulak amafunikira kuunika kowala kwa dzuwa, koma pakali pano idzaphuka bwino. Ngati chomera chikukula mu chipinda, ndiye kuti akulangizidwa kuyika pafupi ndiwindo lakumwera. Zimakula kunja kunja pazenera kapena mabokosi.
Kutentha kumakhala kukhala kotentha, pafupifupi madigiri 20-26, kutentha uku, kukula bwinoko kumatsimikiziridwa.
Thirani lacquer ayenera kuthiriridwa kawirikawiri, koma ngati chomera chiri mu mphika kapena mu chidebe, ndiye kuthirira kumakhala koyenera komanso kozolowereka.
Mu feteleza, chomeracho pafupifupi sichisowa, chifukwa chomera chokongolachi chikhoza kukulira m'mayiko osawuka.
Portulac: kubereka.
Portulacus kubzala mu March. Zoonadi, mu maluwa mabuku amati ndizotheka kufesa kale - zaka 3 za mwezi wa February, komanso pambuyo pake - 1 zaka khumi za mwezi wa April. Kufesa kumachitika mu mini-greenhouses pansi pa kuwala ndi madigiri 20-25.
Mu kutentha kwa dzuwa pa dzuwa, kutentha kwa mpweya kungakhale 50 ° , zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula mofulumira. Kulephera kwa kuwala kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti mbeu idzayamba kutambasula. Teplichku ikhoza kumangidwa kuchokera kumadzi otchedwa aquarium opangidwa ndi plexiglas. Pamwamba pa aquarium ayenera kukhala ndi filimu yatsopano (polyethylene) ndi kuiika pamalo owala kwambiri. Kuti muwone kuwala kokwanira, mungagwiritse ntchito nyali ya fulorosenti kapena bulbu yowonongeka ya 40-60W. Muonjezerapo, chomeracho, monga lamulo, chimafuna nthawi yamadzulo ndi yamadzulo, pamene mvula imakhala yovuta maluwa amafunika kuwala tsiku lonse.
Mbewu zikhoza kufesedwa miphika ya pulasitiki yaing'ono, pambali iyi mbeu imatengedwa pang'ono. Timadzaza mchenga wachitsulo ndi mchenga pansi pa tanka, motero timapanga madzi, ndiye timadzaza chidebecho ndi gawo lapansi. M'dzikoli musakhale muli organic feteleza ndi peat. Ngati nyemba zimabzalidwa m'dziko limene padzakhala peat, sizingakwere. Ndipo ngati feteleza organic alipo m'nthaka, mbande idzakhala ndi matenda a fungal ndi kufa. Maonekedwe a dziko lapansi amatha kuwonjezera mchenga ndi mamita 0,1 mm (20% osaposerapo), makala (ngati dothi likulemera, ndi dongo lokhalapo). Chidebe ndi nthaka chiyenera kuikidwa mu tray yowonongeka, yomwe idakonzedweratu ndi madzi oima, nthawi zonse yofewa, monga madzi owopsa amachepetsa kumera.
Pambuyo pa dziko lapansi, mutha kuyamba kufesa - pamwamba pa nthaka mbeu zimayikidwa ndi mzere wosakanizidwa. Pankhaniyi, mbeu zimayenera kukankhidwa pansi ndi 1 mm. Mbewu imatuluka, wina ndi mzake pamtunda wa sentimita, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amaika mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ngati chidebe ndi mbewu sichikuunikira ndi magetsi a fulorosenti ndipo sichiima pawindo, pomwe mbuto zambiri zikawoneka pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, ziyenera kuchotsedwa ku wowonjezera kutentha ndikuyika pazenera, pafupi ndi galasi. Kuunikira kwina kumachitika mwachindunji mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndi chivindikiro chikutsegulidwa. Nkhumba ya 40W iyenera kuikidwa pamtunda pamtunda wa 10-15 cm, 60W pamtunda wa masentimita 15-20. Ngati usiku mawindo akuzizira, ndiye kuti mbewuzo zimayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha (nthawi yosaphimba) ndipo zimatsindikizidwa, ndipo m'mawa amayikanso zenera. Nthaka sayenera kuyanika.
Kumbukirani kuti zomera zimakonda kutentha, choncho musalole kuti kutentha kukhale pansi pa madigiri 20 a zomera zatsopano, patapita sabata kutentha sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 16 °, pakatha masabata asanu enieni awoneka, kutentha sikuyenera kugwera pansi pa 10 ° C (kutentha kotere kumayambitsa kuti masamba ayamba kugwa).
Galu komanso galu lakumadzi sayenera kuyambitsa mavuto ena apadera, chifukwa chomeracho sichinaululidwe kwa tizirombo.