Chikhulupiriro
Kulimbikitsidwa kumaonedwa kuti ndiyo njira yophunzitsira. Zimachokera ku mawu, omwe amakhudza pamodzi maganizo ndi maganizo a mwanayo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti makolo athe kulankhula ndi mwana wawo wamwamuna kapena wamkazi.
Muzochita zamaphunziro, pali njira zingapo zokopa. Malangizowo, kupempha, kuwona, kulangiza, kuletsa, kulingalira, kuphunzitsa, kutsindika, kulingalira, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zambiri, kukhudzidwa kumachitika pakati pa zokambirana za makolo ndi ana, pomwe akuluakulu amayankha mafunso ambiri a ana. Ngati makolo sangathe kuyankha funso, nkoyenera kuvomereza izi ndipo pemphani mwanayo kuti ayang'ane yankho limodzi.
Kawirikawiri, kukambirana kumayambira pa anthu akuluakulu, ngati kuli kofunikira kukambirana makhalidwe a mwana wamwamuna kapena wamkazi, mavuto a banja, ndi zina. Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimathandiza kuti zokambirana za makolo ndi ana awo zitheke.
Musalankhule ndi ana pokhapokha ngati zili bwino kwa akuluakulu, osamvetsera kuti ana akuchita chinachake;
ngati mwanayo akufuna kulankhulana ndi makolo ake, nkofunika kumuthandiza, kupeza mawu olimbikitsa kukambirana momasuka, kuti azichita zinthu zokhudzana ndi zochitika za mwanayo, koma osati kukambirana zokambirana za sukulu;
kulingalira zaka za ana, makhalidwe awo, peŵani mawu okhudza maluso ndi khalidwe la munthu wamng'ono;
ndi kotheka kufotokozera malo ake, kuzindikira kuti kuthekera kwa lingaliro lina, kuganizira zofuna ndi maganizo a mwana wamwamuna kapena wamkazi;
kusamala, peŵani mawu olamula, kufuula;
Musasinthe zokambiranazo kuti zikhale zobwerezabwereza, monga akatswiri odziwikiratu, osataya nthawi pamene mwanayo akuumirira yekha.
Ndipo chofunika kwambiri - kuti zokambirana zikhale zothandiza, makolo ayenera kumvetsera ndi kumva mwana wawo.
Chilolezo
Pochita maphunziro a banja, magulu awiri ofunika amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Choyamba ndi chofunikiratu, cholembedwera mwachindunji kwa mwanayo ("Chitani ichi chokha"). Gululi likuphatikizapo malangizo ("Mudzamwetsa maluwa"), chenjezo ("Mumathera nthawi yochuluka pamakompyuta"), lamulo ("Ikani zidole zanu m'malo"), lamulo ("Chitani ntchitoyi"), malangizo (" Mwachizoloŵezi munayankhula ndi agogo anu aakazi), choletsedwa ("Ndikukuletsani kuwonerera TV"), ndi zina zotero. Gulu lachiwiri limaphatikizapo zosafuna, zosalunjika, ngati cholinga cha mwanayo chiphimbidwa, ndipo ngati chisonkhezero ndi maganizo a mwanayo angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Chitsanzo chabwino ("Taonani, monga amayi anga anachitira"), chokhumba ("Ndikufuna kuti mutisamalire kwambiri"), malangizo ("Ndikukulangizani kuti muwerenge bukhu ili"), pempho ("Chonde ndithandizeni kuti ndiike zinthu mwatcheru nyumba "), ndi zina zotero.
Zofunikira kwa makolo kapena mwana wawo amayamba kusonyeza kuyambira ali mwana. Pakapita nthawi, zofunikira zikuwonjezeka: wophunzira ayenera kuphunzira kusunga ulamuliro wa tsikuli, ayenera kumapereka mayesero ndi zosangalatsa. Komabe, pamodzi ndi zofunikira, makolo ayenera kupereka mwanayo mwayi wochita bwino: pitani ku kachipangizo ka kompyuta kapena kuwonjezera chinenero chachilendo, kukacheza ndi odwala kapena kusewera ndi abwenzi pabwalo, kuthandiza makolo kunyumba kapena kuwonera kanema, ndi zina. Kulimbana ndi zolinga "kufuna" ndipo "ndizofunikira", kupanga zofuna zodziimira kumathandiza kuti pakhale maphunziro a chifuniro, bungwe, chilango. Kuvuta kwa makolo kumafulumira kupanga mapangidwe awa. Ngati chirichonse chiloledwa m'banja, kwa ana, amakula, amafunidwa, amadzikonda.
Imodzi mwa njira zomwe makolo ambiri amafuna ndi pempho. Fomu iyi ya kudzipereka kwapang'ono kwa ochepa, kulemekeza iye. Zoonadi, kawirikawiri pempholi limapereka lamulo lovuta: "Ndikukupemphani kuti musachite izi." Pempholi, monga lamulo, likuphatikiza ndi mawu akuti "chonde", "khalani okoma mtima" ndipo mutha ndikumayamikira. Ngati pempholi likugwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza monga chithandizo m'banja, mwanayo amadzipangira ulemu, ulemu wokhudza munthuyo umakulira.
Monga momwe chiwonetsero chimasonyezera, njira iyi ndi njira yolerera idzakhala yogwira ngati izi zikutsatiridwa:
zizindikiro za zaka za ana zimaganiziridwa (ana a sukulu aang'ono amaperekedwa opanda zofunikira ziwiri, komanso mwachindunji), zizindikiro zawo za thupi la thupi (wina ayenera kukumbutsidwa, winayo ayenera kufotokozera zofunikira mu mawonekedwe ake);
amafotokoza tanthauzo la zofunikira, makamaka poletsa zochitika zina;
chofunika sichisakaniza ndizing'onozing'ono, ndi zoletsedwa kosatha;
kusunga mgwirizano ndi kusasinthasintha pakupereka zofunika kuchokera kwa mamembala onse a m'banja;
njira zosiyanasiyana zofunira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito;
zofuna zimayesedwa mwanzeru, mofatsa komanso mokoma mtima.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi
Zomwe amaphunzitsa pazochitikazo zimachokera ku kubwereza kwa zochita kapena zochita. Ophunzira a Junior samatha kugonjera khalidwe lawo nthawi zonse ngakhale zomwe akufuna. Zochita zokhazikika nthawi zonse kuphatikizapo zofunikira, kulamulidwa ndi makolo kungapangitse kupanga mapangidwe abwino a ana.
Zizolowezi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wa munthu aliyense. Ngati munthu wapanga zizoloŵezi zabwino, khalidwe lake lidzakhala labwino. Ndipo mosiyana: zizoloŵezi zoipa zimayambitsa khalidwe loipa. Chizoloŵezi chabwino chimapangidwa pang'onopang'ono, pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi kumawathandiza kwambiri kugwira ntchito ndi ana. Ngati ntchito yophunzitsa ikuphatikizidwa ndi zochitika zambiri zofunika, wophunzirayo amawalandira ngati choyenera. Koma ngati zotchedwa zochitika zolimbitsa thupi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poleredwa, sizili bwino (wophunzira amavuta kukakamiza kuti akhale pamtendere, mvetserani mwatcheru, ndi zina zotero). Zochita za maphunziro ziyenera kupatsidwa mawonekedwe okongola, okondweretsedwa koyenera kwa mwanayo.
Zochita zofunikira ndizofunika kuti mukhale ndi makhalidwe abwino, pamene kusamutsidwa mwadzidzidzi pa malamulo a khalidwe kumakhalidwe amachitidwe, zomwe ndizotheka ndi kubwereza mobwerezabwereza zochita zabwino ndi zochita. Mwachitsanzo, mwana amaikidwa pamalo pamene pakufunika kugawa zidole, maswiti, kusamalira zinyama, ndi zina. Tiyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ngakhale chinthu chimodzi choyipa chikhoza kuwononga zabwino zomwe zimapangidwa mwa mwanayo, ngati izi zikanamupangitsa kukhala wokhutira ndipo sanawoneke ndi akuluakulu (kuba, kusuta, etc.).
Kawirikawiri akuluakulu amayamba kusonkhanitsa masewera a ana a zaka zitatu, kenako amalemba mabuku ndi zolembera kwa mwana wamng'ono, kuyeretsa m'chipinda chake. Chotsatira chake, mwanayo sachita ntchito zomwe zimayesetsa kukhazikitsa makhalidwe abwino monga kulondola, kukonza dongosolo. Izi ndizo chiyambi cha chilango, kudziletsa.
Kulera ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi njira yayitali yomwe sikufuna nzeru zokha, komanso kuleza mtima. Kugwiritsa ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi kumadalira momwe zimakhudzira bwino ndi mawu. Mawuwo amachititsa munthu kuchita zinthu, amatha kuchita zinthu zabwino, amathandiza mwana kuzindikira khalidwe lake.
Chitsanzo chabwino
Zotsatira za ubale zimachokera ku mphamvu ya ana kutsanzira. Ana sakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira, amakhala ndi moyo wosauka, komabe amakhala atcheru kwambiri kwa anthu ndikutsatira khalidwe lawo.
Phunzitsani amasonyeza kuti makolo, kupereka msonkho kwa chitsanzo chabwino, samvetsa udindo wa cholakwika. Akuluakulu amaiwala kuti ana samvetsa bwino zomwe amakumana nazo pamoyo wawo, ndipo amakhulupirira nthawi zambiri