Mphungu ndi imodzi mwa mitengo yokongola kwambiri. Mitengo ya coniferous ndi yokongola kwambiri, yokhala ndi zinthu zabwino komanso zothandiza. Chodziwika bwino komanso chosavuta kumera maluwa ndi wamba, kubzala, kusamalira zomwe zimafuna kukhazikitsa malamulo ena.
Chaka chatha, mitengo ya coniferous inali yovuta kwambiri ndi zozizwitsa komanso zozizwitsa zachilengedwe. Frosty yozizira komanso nyengo yotentha yotentha yakhala yovuta kwa zomera. Zopweteka sizinawapulumutse mjunipere, ngakhale kuti amaonedwa kuti ndi odzichepetsa. Kodi ndi zodabwitsa ziti zomwe zimawayembekezera m'nyengo yozizira? Kodi muyenera kuganizira chiyani posankha ndikudzala "munga" wokondedwa wanu m'munda mwanu? Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito bwanji zokolola? Tiyeni tione nkhani izi mwatsatanetsatane.
Mitundu ya juniper ndiyo yabwino kukula pakati pa gulu
Zotsutsana kwambiri ndi lamba wapakati ndi junipers: wamba, Cossack, namwali, scaly, sargu, komanso Chinese, Daurian, hard, recumbent ndi yopingasa. Koma, ngakhale kulimbana kwa chilala, akufunikira kuthirira mu chilala chokhalitsa. Pansi pa chomera chimodzi chachikulu muthe madzi osachepera 10-20 malita. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yawo ya m'munda imasintha mosiyana ndi kusowa kwa madzi m'nthaka ndi chinyezi cha mlengalenga. Mwachitsanzo, juniper ndi Chinese samalola mpweya wouma. Namwali wamadzimadzi ndi osagonjetsedwa ndi chilala, koma amakula bwino pa dothi lakumapeto. Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya madzi ya singano, mungagwiritse ntchito kukonkha, zomwe zimapereka zotsatira zabwino madzulo kapena nyengo yamvula. Mitengo yodula mitsinje ndi pafupi ndi madzi. Chimake chimakhala chozizwitsa chosavuta komanso zotsatira zake (ndi kuthirira zomera nthawizonse) chifukwa chachisanu zomera sizidzatero. Ndiye, monga feteleza mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, padzakhala kuwonjezeka kwa nthawi ya kukula kwa mphukira, zomwe sizidzawalola kuti zizimveka bwinobwino ndipo kenako zimayambitsa chisanu.
Kodi mungapulumutse kuti chomeracho chinaperekedwa bwanji kumapeto kwake?
Zimapezeka kuti tinapita kwa abwenzi ku dacha, ndipo tinasangalalira ndi mkungudza. Ngakhale kuti zenera zili mochedwa, tinkafuna kuti tipange mitengo yambiri. Ndiyenera kuchita chiyani pa nkhaniyi? Ngati nthaka isanakhale yozizira, ndipo chomeracho chinakulira patseguka - ndi bwino kuyika pamalo osatha. Ndi nthaka yozizira, mukhoza kuika juniper pamalo otetezedwa ndi mphepo. Ndipo mizu iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nkhungu zowonongeka masamba, utuchi kapena peat.
Kukonzekera mkungudza kwa nyengo yozizira
Kukonzekera kwakanthawi kwa mchenga wamphepete sikumasowa. Mitundu yambiri ya juniper imakhala yotetezedwa kuchokera ku moto wa singano mu February-March. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito burlap, zikopa kapena spruce lapnik, zomwe zikuphimba korona kumwera. Pakatikatikati mwa nthaka nthaka imatha kupitirira masentimita 30-50, komanso nyengo yozizira ndi yozama. Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti mitundu ya junipere ndi mawonekedwe awo a m'munda amalimbikitsidwa kuti ulimi ukhale wolimba bwino osati pamalo otseguka, komanso ukadzala muzoyala.
Zifukwa za singano zikutaya
Zomwe zimayambitsa kusweka kwa singano zikhoza kukhala zosiyana. Ndipo chimodzi mwa izo ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa matenda a bowa. N'zotheka kuti ziwume ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa korona, koma zikhoza kukhala palimodzi. Ndikofunika kuchotsa zitsulo zakufa za pine ndikuchiza chomeracho ndi mankhwala osokoneza matenda. Mungagwiritse ntchito njira yokwana 0.1% yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala, menar, prozaro kapena topsin-M. Chitani mankhwala awiri kapena atatu ndi masiku 15-20. Tsoka ilo, palibe mwayi wambiri wobwezeretsa korona. Komabe, ngati ndi mawonekedwe a mndandanda, mukhoza kuchotsa nthambi zonse kuchokera pansi mpaka kufika pa malo ake kuzungulira thunthu lonselo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chomeracho chikhale choyera.
Kusankha malo ndikukonzekera nthaka musanadzalemo
Mitundu yambiri ya junipere ndizojambula zithunzi. Mu mthunzi, amatha kukhala otayirira, kutaya mphamvu ya korona, mtundu wa singano. Mthunzi wina ukhoza kutumizidwa ku juniper, koma izi sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mawonekedwe ake okongoletsera. Pobzala, junipers akuyanjanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa zomera zina. Koma nkofunika kutaya khungu lawonthu kapena kagawo ka anthu ena m'munda. Mitengo ya mchenga imakula bwino pamtundu uliwonse wa dothi, koma chitukuko chabwino chikupezeka mu nthaka yachonde ndi yachonde. Mukamabzala junipere pamalo amchenga kapena dothi, kubzala maenje ayenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi kompositi kapena peat chips. Pachiyambi choyamba nthaka yachonde imakula pang'ono. Ndipo chachiwiri - chimakhala chomasuka kwambiri, chomwe chidzakhudza kukula kwa zomera. Mwachidziwitso, tikhoza kunena kuti palibe chifukwa chokonzera chosanjikiza pamene mutabzala junipers. Mwa njira, mjunje susowa feteleza yowonjezera. Koma sitinganene kuti sakugwirizana ndi mawu awo oyamba. Ndipo mukuyenera kuchita izi mu theka la nyengo ya zomera, pa gulu lopakati-April-woyamba theka la June. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza iliyonse yovuta. Awapange iwo molingana ndi malangizo ophatikizidwa.
Kodi ndi nthawi iti yomwe ingasamuke mkungudza?
Kuika choteroku kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa zothandizira kwambiri muzu pakumba, zomwe zingachititse kuchepa kwa mphukira kapena imfa ya conifers. Mitengo yotereyo iyenera kuikidwa ndi dothi laling'ono, kukula kwake kumadalira mitundu kapena munda wa juniper. Mitengo yayikulu iyenera kukhala yokonzedweratu kuika patsogolo. Pochita zimenezi, kumapeto kwa mtunda wa 30-40 masentimenti kuchokera pa thumba ndi fosholo yakuthwa, mizu imadulidwa ku kuya kwa bayonet, motero kumayambitsa nthambi ya mizu mkati mwa chida chokhachokha. Mitengo yotereyi sidzakhala yochepa pokhapokha mutalowa m'dzinja, koma izi zikhoza kuikidwa mmawa wotsatira. Koma kukulitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, akuluakulu, muli ndi pafupifupi chaka chonse.
Kubalana kwa junipere ndi kusamalira
Kubzala mbewu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitundu. Mbewu imakula pakatha zaka ziwiri, ndipo mbande zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Choncho, njira yopindulitsa kwambiri yobalana ya junipers ndi cuttings. Rooting zimatengera mitundu, nthawi ya cuttings ndi mtundu wa cuttings. Mkungudza ndi wamba, wosasunthika, cossack, scaly ndi mawonekedwe awo a munda, komanso ena ena, omwe ali ndi luso lotha kuphuka.
Cuttings ayenera kukolola kuchokera ku zomera zazing'ono komanso zathanzi. Zaka za uterine zomera za mitundu yambiri yamaluwa ndi zaka 10-15. The cuttings atengedwa kuchokera chapamwamba ndi pakati mbali korona bwino mizu. Pakuti cuttings, kudula waukulu kapena mbali nthambi ndi mphukira zonse. Pofuna kupewa kutentha ndi kuyanika pa nthawi yokolola, komanso poyenda maulendo ataliatali, mphukira zakutidwa mu nsalu yonyowa ndi kuika mu matumba a polyethylene. Pa kunyamula koteroko akhoza kusungidwa masiku awiri kapena atatu. Konzani cuttings bwino m'mawa kapena mitambo nyengo.
Pamaso pa malo otentha, zomera zimatha kudula chaka chonse. Komabe, mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa rooting umawonedwa mu cuttings kukolola mu February-March, komanso mu chilimwe mu nthawi ya mapeto a kukula ndi kuyamba kwa yachiwiri kukula kwa mphukira. Zomera zachisanu mpaka nthawi yobzalidwa zimasungidwa m'matumba apulasitiki pamphepete mwa madzi kapena m'nyumbamo ozizira.
Cuttings ayenera kukhala ndi mfundo ya kukula, yomwe imawathandiza kuti akhalebe ndi chikhalidwe cha kukula komwe kumakhala kulima. Mitundu yambiri yamaluwa, coniferous cuttings siidulidwe, koma ndi kayendedwe kawongolero kamene imachotsedwa tsinde (itengedwa ndi "chidendene"). Nsongayo imakonzedwa bwino, kuchotsa okha burrs. Zisoti pamapeto a cuttings, omwe amaikidwa mu gawo lapansi, nthawi zambiri amadulidwa kapena kudulidwa, koma amatha kubzalidwa ndi singano zapaini.
Malo osungirako zowonongeka kwambiri pamtundu wa munda ndi chisakanizo chofanana cha coarse-grained (mchere wa 0.5-1.5 mm) mchenga ndi milled peat (sphagnum) peat. Kawirikawiri, pakukonzekera gawo lapansi, pamakhala mchenga wotsika komanso mchenga. Koma kwenikweni, zigawozi ndizosavomerezeka, chifukwa pamene zimasakanizidwa, gawo lokhala ndi acidic ndi osauka aeration limapezeka. Muzochitika zoterezi, cuttings wa mitundu yochepa yokha ndi mizu. Pogwiritsa ntchito mchenga wa mtsinje, uyenera kutsukidwa ndi sieve ndi selo 0,5-1.5 millimeters kuti uwononge matope. Asanadzalemo, pamwamba pa gawo lapansi bwino lakhala, yayinganizidwa ndi mochuluka madzi okwanira. Mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi 6-8 masentimita, malingana ndi kukula kwa cuttings, mu mizere - masentimita 4-6, kuya kwa kubzala ndi masentimita 5-7. Mbande yoyandikana ndi chodulidwa chodulidwa ndi pang'ono kupinyidwa ndi kuthirira, makamaka ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kapena fungicide.
Mitengo yachisanu yomwe idabzala mu May mu wowonjezera kutentha pamene mpweya kutentha pamsewu ndi madigiri 17-20. Zokwanira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya mu wowonjezera kutentha masana masentimita 20-27, ndipo usiku - + madigiri 16-21. Cuttings a zomera zambiri bwino mizu pa gawo lapansi kutentha ndi 3-6 madigiri pamwamba pa mpweya kutentha. Kuonjezera kutentha kwa gawo lapansi, kutentha kwa madzi, madzi kapena magetsi.
Mitundu ya juniper ndi yoyenera kupanga chida
Kwa mazenera aakulu (kuchokera mamita 1.5 ndi pamwamba) mawonekedwe aatali ndi mitundu ya junipere amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakatikatikatikati, iyi ndi mjunje wamba komanso mawonekedwe ake. Ndiponso juniper ya Skyrocket ndi mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu. Mtunda pakati pa zomera mutabzala linga ndi 50-70 centimita. Mkungudza umakhala wovekedwa ngati ukufunikira, pafupifupi ziwiri kapena katatu pa nyengo. Kumeta tsitsi koyamba kumachitika kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Ndipo zotsatirazi - monga zofunikira kuti asunge mawonekedwe a mpanda.
Kawirikawiri, kudulira mkungudza kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene nthambi zakufa kapena kumbali yomwe imayambira yomwe imapitirira kutali kuposa korona imachotsedwa. Ponena za mawonekedwe osasinthasintha, amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kukula kwa mphukira mkati mwa korona, motero kumapanga mgwirizano wa zomera.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Matenda ambiri a junipere ndi dzimbiri. Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, zomera ziyenera kupopedwa nthawi zinayi ndi masiku khumi ndi limodzi ndi mankhwala a arceride (50 g / 10 malita a madzi). Mwa tizirombo, vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi kangaude wa kangaude, juniper miner moth, aphid ndi nkhanambo ya juniper. Pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za kuwonongeka zimaonekera, zomera zimatengedwa ndi imodzi mwazikonzekerezi zotsatirazi: actinic; fufanon - 0.2% njira; decis; karate; fastak - 0.1% yankho kapena owonjezera condensate; actar - 0.08% yankho.
Mphungu mu mawonekedwe a bonsai
Mphungu yamtundu wa bonsai ndi otchuka kwambiri. Komabe, m'pofunika kusiyanitsa bonsai ya chikhalidwe, yomwe imafuna nthawi yaitali ndikukhala ndi njira zamakono ndi luso, ndi munda wotchedwa bonsai, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amateurs. Bonsai ya maluwa kuchokera ku junipers amapangidwa m'njira ziwiri. Choyamba ndi pamene tsitsili limagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nthambi, m'malo molemba pang'onopang'ono mfundo za kukula. Chifukwa cha ichi, monga malamulo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yodulidwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito - namwali wa juniper Hetzii ndi Cossack Femina kapena Mas ndi ena. Yachiŵiri - mothandizidwa ndi kuumirira pazitsamba zamtali (nthawi zambiri, namwali wamadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga katundu) wa junipers mkungudza: juniper Green Carpet, bedi la juniper Nana, juniper scaly Blue Star ndi ena. Kujambula kwa graft kumtunda wosiyana kumakula, kumapanga ngakhale, ndege yothamanga, kutsanzira nthambi. Zimatuluka "zodzala" ndi magawo osankhidwa, chomera chomwe sichimakula. Kuti mukhale ndi miyeso yake, mukhoza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwazing'ono ngati mphukira ikukula. Zomera zopangidwa mofanana ndi bonsai zimafunikira mofanana ndi mjuniperi wamba. Pa nthawi yomweyi, musagwiritse ntchito mlingo waukulu wa feteleza, kuti musapangitse kukula kwa mphukira.
Mphungu mu Feng Shui
Mphungu ndi chomera cha Saturn, ndipo chizindikiro cha Saturn ndi mulungu wa nthawi Chronos, akulamulira pa ukalamba. Ichi ndi sukulu ya chipiriro ndi kuuma, sayansi ya nzeru. Iye amaletsa, "mphamvu" kuti azigwira ntchito, amaphunzitsa kudzichepetsa, samalola kuti azibalalitsidwa. Choncho zikuonekeratu kuti chomera cha junipere ndi chofunika kukhala nacho m'munda uliwonse. Chinthu chachikulu mu nkhaniyi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya Saturn chifukwa cha ubwino ndi chikondi.
Choncho, tinaphunzira zambiri zokhudza mkungudza, kubzala, kusamalira ndi mitundu ina ya chomera chodabwitsa chotchedwa coniferous plant.