Tsopano ambiri amalima mandimu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'chipindamo: Pavlovsky, Meyer, Novogruzinsky, Panderosa. Florists amayamikira chomera ichi chifukwa cha kukongola kwake komanso zothandiza kwambiri. Koma, ngakhale kukhala wodzichepetsa, pali malamulo ena oti asunge ndi kusamalira mandimu. Mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungamerekere mandimu kunyumba popanda mavuto? Werengani ndi kuphunzira.
Makamaka excreted mandimu kwambiri mofulumira, kawirikawiri ngakhale limamasula pachimake, amene imathandizira awo rooting. Ena mwa iwo (mwachitsanzo, Panderosa) kawirikawiri ndi wosakanikirana pakati pa mandimu ndi mphesa. Mtengo wa mandimu ndi wofiira, wamng'ono, choncho safuna malo ambiri. Masamba ndi aakulu, akufalikira, maluwa okhala ndi mazitali aatali, akuluakulu ndi onunkhira kuposa ena mandimu. Mitengoyi imakhala pamapeto a nthambi mu inflorescences kapena imodzi kapena ziwiri mu axils masamba. Zipatso zikuluzikulu, zolemera 200 g ndi pamwamba (munthu wolemera kufika 500 g), olimba obovate, ndi thupi lobiriwira ndi mbewu zambiri. Kukoma kwa chipatso ndi chocheperapo kusiyana ndi cha omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo.
Ndi madzi, dzifunseni nokha
Kukula bwino kunyumba, mandimu ayenera kupatsidwa madzi okwanira. Koma kuchuluka kwa chinyezi sikuyenera kukhala mopitirira muyeso. Popanda madzi okwanira, zomera zimatha mofulumira ndipo zimataya masamba ake. Ntchitoyi ndi yosavuta kupewa, koma zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kuthetsa vutoli. Ndi kuthirira mochulukira, makamaka ngati dothi lili mu mphika waukulu, mizu siiperekedwe mpweya wokwanira ndipo chomera chimayamba kuvulaza. Pakhoza kukhala chlorosis, momwe masamba amajambulidwa mu malaya oyera. Mchere sungalekerere kusefukira ngakhale kuposa kuyanika. Choncho, muyenera kudziwa momwe chinyama chanu chimafunira. Ndipo kuthirira ndi koyenerera molondola. Pano pali nsonga zina zofunika kuti mukamwe madzi:
1. Madzi omwe mukufuna kuthira mandimu anu ayenera kutentha kutentha. Kwa madzi ozizira kwambiri (kuchokera pamphepete) nthawi zonse ndi kofunika kusakaniza kutentha.
2. Gawo la madzi pa ulimi wothirira liyenera kudutsa mkati mwa mphika pamphuno. Kwa ichi, pali mabowo mmenemo.
3. Nthawi zina zomera zimathirira nthawi zambiri, mwina ngakhale tsiku lililonse, koma pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Ndipo kumtunda kokha kwa dziko lapansi kumadonthoza madzi, ndipo pansi pake zonse zimakhala zouma. Ndipo mukudandaula: chifukwa chiyani chomeracho chimauma pakamwa madzi tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa cha ichi, inunso muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuchita zosafunika.
4. N'zovuta kunena mobwerezabwereza kangati pamlungu muyenera kumwa mandimu. Izi zingadalire pazinthu zambiri. Kukula kwa mapulasitiki, zaka za zomera zokha, ndi kuchuluka kwake kwa dziko lapansi kumakhala ndi gawo. Zinthu zofunika ndizo kutentha kwa mpweya, ndi chinyezi mu nyumba yanu. Kumbukirani kuti pamene mvula imatuluka mumphika ndipo ing'onoing'ono, nthaka yowonjezera imamera ndipo nthawi zambiri zomera zimasowa kuthirira. Nthawi zina mumatha kumwa madzi ndimu tsiku lililonse.
5. Madzi ku chomera amafunika malinga ndi kukula kwake: apamwamba ndi apamwamba ndimu - madzi ambiri. Ngati nyumba yanu ili yotentha ndi youma, ndiye kuti mumayenera kuthira madzi mobwerezabwereza kuposa m'chipinda chodonthetsa komanso chozizira.
6. Musaiwale kuti mandimu, monga chimanga china chilichonse, imakhala ikufuna madzi okwanira pa nthawi ya kukula, makamaka m'chaka ndi chilimwe. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira mbewu kungakhale kosavuta. Dziko lapansi liyenera kuloledwa kuti liume pang'ono pakati pa madzi awiri, koma musalole kuti liume. Ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa cha kuuma koopsa kwa nthaka, mandimu amayamba kutaya masamba.
ZINTHU ZIDZAKHALA PAMASO
Kuwonjezera pa kuthirira nthawi ndi nthawi zimakhala zofunikira kuti zisungunuke ndi kusiya. Njira zoterezi zimafunika kutsuka pamwamba pa masamba kuchoka pa fumbi. Kutentha koteroko "monga" pafupifupi zomera zonse zamkati, osati lemu basi. Kuonjezerapo, muyenera kudziwa kuti masamba amathanso kumwa madzi omwe amawomba mwangozi. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti mandimu ikhale yasamba pamwamba pa masamba sabata iliyonse. Ndipo yesetsani kugula sprayer yaing'ono (iwo tsopano akugulitsidwa m'masitolo a hardware kwambiri) ndikuipaka ndi masamba. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mandimu kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, pamene mabasi oyatsa Kutentha amathabe kutentha ndipo nyumbayo ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwa chitsamba chisanayambike.
ZAKA ZOPHUNZIRA
Kuikapo ayenera kuchitika kamodzi pa chaka, nthawi iliyonse miphika ya kukula kwakukulu. Kuwerengera ndiko motere: chomera chaka chimodzi - mphika wa mphika ndi 1 litre, mphika wazaka ziwiri ndi 2 malita, ndi zina zotero. Chomera chazaka khumi chikhoza kukhala chokulira mu mphika wa 8-10-lita ndipo sichimawongedwanso, koma malo osanjikiza a nthaka amalowetsedwa chaka ndi chaka.
Pakuika, chinthu chachikulu sikuti awononge dziko lapansi lakale. Simukusowa kutaya dziko lakale mwina. Ndikokwanira kuwonjezera ku pansi ndi mbali za nthaka yabwino, kuzidzaza ndi voids mu mphika watsopano. Muzu wazitsulo pambuyo pa kuzizira zimakula mofulumira kwambiri, kupanga mawonekedwe atsopano a mizu, yomwe imawuluka kunja kwa mtanda wonse wa dothi. Ndi kuika chaka ndi chaka, mukhoza kukwaniritsa izo mu mphika wawukulu mizu ya mbewu idzaikidwa mkati mwa dothi lapafupi pafupifupi mofanana. Choncho zidzakhalanso zosavuta kuti adye minda m'nthaka ndikudyetsanso zomera zonse, popeza mizu idzakhala ndi mpata wambiri padziko lapansi.
Kulakwitsa kwakukulu kwa okondedwa ambiri ndiko kuyesa chomera cha mandimu nthawi yomweyo. Kawirikawiri kamtengo kakang'ono kamabzala mu mphika waukulu. Aloleni, anene, amakula zaka zingapo m'modzi popanda kuika. Kwenikweni, pakukula kwa mandimu panyumba kumatha. Chomeracho chimangoima mu kukula, kapena kufa. Izi sizingakhoze kuchitika, chifukwa mizu yayikulu ya chomera idzayamba kokha kumbali ya kunja kwa dziko lapansi, ndipo gawo la mkatilo silidzagwiritsidwa ntchito.
COMPOST ndi YOFUNIKA
Ndi bwino kutenga tsamba padziko lapansi m'malo mwa kompositi. Ngati simungathe kusakaniza nokha, muyenera kugula izo mokonzeka m'sitolo.
Pofuna kudzala mandimu, dzikolo liyenera kukhala lolemera mu humus. Choncho, dziko lapansi likusakanikirana ndikonzekedwa mwa kutenga gawo lofanana ndi kompositi (kapena mchere wambiri), malo a sod ndi mchenga.
Koma ngakhale malo abwino kwambiri sangathe kupereka chomera ndi chakudya cha moyo. Miyezi yoyamba mutabzala feteleza safunikira. Mu nthaka yatsopano, yomwe imapatsa chomeracho ndi zakudya zokwanira, mizu imakula mofulumira kwambiri. M'chilimwe, mandimu amadyetsedwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mullein 2-3 pa mwezi, m'nyengo yozizira 1-2 nthawi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ndi feteleza okonzeka, ogulitsidwa m'masitolo.
MUSAKHALA!
Pambuyo mutabzala, mandimu kwa sabata imayikidwa kumadzulo kapena kumpoto zenera, komwe dzuwa lili lochepa. Ndipo ndiye ndiye kuti mandimu ikhoza kusamutsidwa kuwindo la dzuwa lopsa kwambiri, yabwino ndi yomwe ili kum'mwera.
Kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa nyumba sikungathe kulekerera pakhomo lililonse. Zomwezo zimakhudzana ndi mandimu. H ndiyenera kuziika pamalo pomwe zenera likutsegula mpweya wabwino makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, ngati palibe malo ena, ndiye kuti mphika umakonzedwanso nthawi ya mpweya wabwino, kotero kuti chomera sichigwa pansi pa mpweya wozizira.
Koma kumbukirani kuti mandimu amamva bwino ndipo amakula mofunitsitsa pamene sangasunthidwe kuchoka ku malo kupita ku malo ndipo musatembenuzidwe mosiyana. Kuunikira kumapanganso kukhala chimodzimodzi.
PAMODZI - M'MUNDA
Lemu ndi chomera chakumwera, chomwe chimatanthauza kuti chimakula bwino, chimamera komanso chimakula pamene chimalandira kutentha ndi dzuwa. Choncho, m'chilimwe mukhoza kukula ndimu pa khonde kapena m'munda. Komabe, kusintha kwakukulu pamoyo wake kwabwino ndi koopsa.
Ngati chomeracho chikadutsa, chimakhala chowongolera kwambiri - sungapewe kuyaka masamba. Panthawi imodzimodziyo amapanga mabala amtundu wakufa, nthawi zambiri masamba amayamba kugwa. Choncho chomeracho chiyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono chizoloŵezi cha zinthu zatsopano, kuti zikhale zowala. Choyamba, mukhoza kuziyika pamalo otetezedwa ku mphepo kuchokera kumpoto kwa nyumbayo, kumene kulibe dzuwa. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimayamba kusuntha kumalo atsopano ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri. Koma ndibwino kuti mwamsanga mudziwe kuti mphika ndi chomera chikhale malo osatha, ndipo mumamangire chitetezo ku dzuwa. M'tsogolomu, ikhoza kuchotsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Koma ndi koyenera kukumbukira kuti mandimu amamvetsa zomera zomwe zimayambira kuwala kwa dzuwa (chlorosis), choncho sizingalepheretse nthawi yowoneka bwino dzuwa likupezeka pansi pa chomera.
MMENE MUNGACHITE
Lemu imabereka mosavuta komanso mofulumira ndi chithandizo cha cuttings. Tengani mphukira yaing'ono ya mandimu ndikuduladutswa (aliyense ayenera kukhala masamba 2-3). Chitani ichi ndi mpeni. Pogwiritsa ntchito malo oyenera, tizidutswa tonse timadula mizu. Mukhoza kukonza cuttings ndi kukula kukula stimulant ndi kubzala izo mu calculined yonyowa mchenga mu bokosi yaying'ono. Choncho kuti muzitha kugwira mizu mu bokosi, malingana ndi kukula kwake, mukhoza kukhala ndi cuttings angapo. Kubzala cuttings kungakhale kokongola kwa wina ndi mzake. Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti masamba amapeza kuwala kokwanira. Pamphepete mwa mphika ndimagwira zingwe zingapo ndikuyika thumba la pulasitiki. Kamodzi pa sabata ndimachotsa phukusi loyendetsa, ndikuwaza madzi ndi madzi.
Kubzala mizu kumachitika mkati mwa masabata 4-5-6. Zimadalira nthawi ya chaka, mpweya kutentha m'chipinda ndi kutentha kwa dziko mu bokosi). Onetsetsani kuti zidutswazo zimaloledwa, mungathe kuoneka. Mwamsanga masambawo atakula ndipo mphukira zatsopano zinayamba kupangidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, zikutanthauza kuti adapereka mizu ndikupita kukula. Tsopano iwo amatha kuchotsedwa mosamala mchenga, ndikugwedezeka, kuikidwa mu miphika.
TIMAKULA ZINTHU
Maluwa othamangira zomera kwa zaka 3-4. Pofuna kupanga mapulogalamu a ovary, panthawi ya maluwa ndimatulutsa mungu ndi burashi wofewa (kapena machesi ndi ubweya wa thonje) atadulidwa maluwa kupita ku duwa. Kawirikawiri izi zimachitika tsiku lachiwiri pambuyo pazitsamba. Tsankho la pistil limakhala lonyowa ndipo limakhala lovutikira. Nyama, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tsankho, mwamsanga imamatirira kwa iyo ndi kumera.
Maluwa a mandimu (ngati kawirikawiri amapangidwa) ali ndi zisanu zisanu ndi zikuluzikulu zamtambo, zoyera zokhotakhota. Pakatikati muli pentile yowopsya yokhala ndi manyazi obiriwira. Maluwa nthawi zina amakhoza kugonana-amuna okha. Kaŵirikaŵiri amapangidwa ndi matenda kapena ofooka. Ma mandimu akufalikira kwambiri, ndipo kangapo pachaka. Koma si maluwa onse omwe amangiriza zipatso, chifukwa ayenera kukhala osachepera 10 masamba pa ovary. Siyani zipatso imodzi pa masamba 10.
Zipatso, zomwe zinayamba mu March, zikhoza kukula m'dzinja, monga momwe chitukukochi chinachitikira m'miyezi ya chilimwe. Ndipo kuchokera mu maluwa a September, izo zidzakula motalika - mpaka August chaka chamawa. Ngati chomeracho chili cholimba ndi chamoyo, ndiye kuti zipatso zidzakhala zazikulu.