Ma prostondini ndi estrogens ndi mahomoni ogonana, omwe amachititsa kuti mkazi akhale cholengedwa chachikazi, amapangidwa m'mimba mwake. Pali milandu pamene madokotala amachotsa mazira awiri okha. Koma kodi mayi amakhala bwanji popanda mahomoni? Chimachitika ndi chiyani thupi lake?
Monga maulamuliro, mahomoni ali ndi phindu pathupi, amakhala ndi zotetezera komanso zotsitsimutsa pazinthu zambiri ndi ziwalo, mwachitsanzo, zamaliseche, zamimba, mafupa, mitsempha ya mtima. Zinganene kuti thupi lonse lachikazi limadalira mahomoni. Palibe chachilendo kuti pambuyo pochotsapo mazira ochuluka, maseŵero a kugonana amatha ndipo ntchito ya thupi lonse imasintha nthawi yomweyo. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mayiyo akuyamba kukula ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa asokonezeke, khungu limatha kutaya thupi, matenda ambiri amayamba kusonyeza, komanso amapita patsogolo. Matendawa amatha kukumbukira nthawi yomwe imakula msanga.
Madokotala, ndithudi, amamvetsa momwe mahomoni amafunikira kwa amayi, choncho kuchotsedwa kwa ovarian ndi gawo laposachedwa kwambiri lotchedwa mankhwala (ovariectomy). Komabe, mmoyo ukhoza kukhalapo, kotero pali zochitika zomwe mazira amafunika kuchotsedwa-kuwasiya ndi owopsa, kawirikawiri ndi matenda a khansa. Kuchotsa sikungapewe, chifukwa mahomoni ogonana angayambitse chotupa kukula. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamene ovary amachotsedwa kale ndipo pakufunika kuchotsa chachiwiri. Monga lamulo, wodwalayo aliyense amazunzidwa ndi funso lofunika kwambiri: kodi amamva ndikumverera kuti ndi mkazi pambuyo pake?
Inde, inde! Palibe kukayikira za izi. M'chiberekero cha mayi, zizindikiro zonse za chiwalo chazimayi zimayambira, komanso pamene msungwanayo amakula ndikukhala ndi moyo nthawi yaunyamata akatha msinkhu. Kuletsa njirayi sikutheka, kotero mkazi kuyambira masiku oyambirira mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake adzakhalabe mkazi, ngakhale kuti palibe kapena kupezeka kwa magawo ena. Komabe, pambuyo pa ovariectomy, oimira nkhope yabwino adzipeza okha m'mavuto ena.
Ngati mazirawa amachotsedwa kwa mkazi wokalamba yemwe, monga akunena, wakhala kale moyo wake ndipo wamuwona zambiri m'moyo mwake (mazira ambiri sakugwira ntchito tsopano), ndiye palibe chowopsya. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa amayi a amayi akumana ndi vuto la ovariectomy kwa odwala achinyamata. Inde, patatha opaleshoni, chiwalo cha msungwanayo chimasintha, ndipo kusintha kumeneku kuli kofanana ndi zomwe zimachitika kwa amayi omwe asunga mazira ambiri ali ndi zaka 50-55. Izi ndi pamene nthawi yobereka yakhala ikugwira ntchito ndipo "yapuma pantchito" - pachimake chafika.
Kawirikawiri patatha mlungu umodzi kapena ziwiri chiyambireni zizindikiro, mwezi umodzi kapena miyezi itatu amapeza mphamvu zonse. Choyamba, m'zaka zoyamba 1-2 pambuyo pa opaleshoni, vuto lalikulu ndilo kuphwanya mitsempha yambiri, amatha kuwona kuchokera ku mawonetseredwe awa:
- chills;
- mutu;
- palpitations;
- zida zotentha;
- kusinthasintha kwa magazi;
- thukuta lalikulu.
M'munda wa chikhalidwe ndi maganizo a mkazi, nayenso, kusintha kumachitika. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- kuchepetsa chilakolako chogonana;
- kufooka;
- kupweteka;
- nkhaŵa ndi kukhumudwa;
- kusasamala ndi kuiwala;
- kugona ndi kugona.
Pambuyo pake zizindikirozi zimatha kapena zimachepa, komabe, mwatsoka, amayi amavutika ndi mavutowa, chifukwa zizindikiro zina zimasintha kwa ena. Ndipo amayamba kugwirizanitsa ndi matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya. Vuto lonse ndiloti zotengerazo zimakhala popanda chitetezo, chomwe chinaperekedwa ndi estrojeni, ndipo chifukwa chake atherosclerotic plaques imayamba kuwoneka mwamsanga. Chifukwa cha izi, matenda a atherosclerosis angapangidwe, omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asokonezeke mu ubongo, mavuto a ziwalo za miyendo ndi matenda a mtima. Atrogens a mkazi asanayambe kusamba amateteza thupi lachikazi, kotero iwo sali odwala matenda a atherosclerosis, pamene amuna omwewo akhala akudwala matendawa nthawi yaitali. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa thupi mkazi amatha msinkhu woyenera wa estrogen ndipo amapeza chikhalidwe chake ngati munthu. Chinthu chomwecho chikuchitika ndi matenda oopsa. Azimayi omwe ali ndi mazira ochotsedwa amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima.
Minofu ya mafupa imadaliranso mwachindunji mahomoni ogonana. Chifukwa cha mkazi uyu, wopanda mazira ambiri, pakapita kanthawi akhoza kupeza systeoporosis. Mafupa sadzakhalanso amphamvu. Amayi amapezeka kuti amatha kupuma, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuchiza chifukwa wodwalayo ali pa malo otalika kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo izi zingayambitse mavuto aakulu.
Mahomoni ambiri amadalira mawere. Pa chifukwa ichi, nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa ovariectomy:
- kukodza nthawi zambiri;
- kuuma mu vagin;
- kuyaka ndi kuyabwa mmalo opatsirana;
- ululu ndi chibwenzi.
Chifukwa chakuti mkazi alibe mahomoni, tsitsi, misomali ndi khungu nthawi zambiri zimavutika. Kodi izi ndi zovuta kwambiri? Ayi ndithu! Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti mazira a adrenal amapanganso ena a estrogen. Chifukwa chake, amayi ena samakhala ndi zotsatira zochitika pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Komanso, amayi amakono ali ndi makina omwe amapanga makina omwe angathandize kusintha. Ngati wodwalayo sanagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala a hormone, ndiye kuti akuuzidwa progestins ndi estrogen, yomwe imapangitsa kuti mahomoni ake asasowe. Mankhwala oterewa akulangizidwa kuti atenge moyo wawo wonse. Chotsatira chachikulu chimaperekedwa ndi homoni m'malo mwake (HRT), zomwe zimapatsa mkazi kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Koma ngati opaleshoniyi inkachitika chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana, ndiye kuti mahomoni sagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa. Njira zothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zochitika m'maganizo zimathandiza. Amatha kuthandiza mkazi kuwonjezera maluso ake ogwira ntchito panthawi yovuta, komanso pambuyo pake, zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Pofuna kuteteza matenda a osteoporosis, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a calcium ndi mankhwala a fluoride.
Komabe, mankhwala ena sangathe kuchita. Mkazi aliyense yemwe akukumana ndi vutoli ayenera kumvetsetsa kusintha komwe kumachitika m'thupi. Ayenera kukhala ndi moyo wokhutira, kudziyang'anira, kuthana ndi kuvutika maganizo komanso kusewera masewera.