Pa nthawi yomweyi, chiyambi cha matendawa sichidziwikiratu, "zizindikiro" zowonongeka, ndipo mawonetseredwe oyambawo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda opitirirabe komanso osayenerera amachitidwe a myopic astigmatism ndi kuchepa kwachidziwitso chowoneka bwino pamakonzedwe abwino omwe angakonzedwe ndi makina ozungulira. Makhalidwe ndi kuwonjezeka kwa maonekedwe a maso pamene akuwunika kupyolera muzitsulo, zomwe zimadula kuwala kwa kuwala ndikutulutsa mbali ya cornea ndi mbiri yunifolomu yomwe ikuyandikira. Kukonzekera kwakukulu kumapangitsa kukhala ndi makilogalamu ovuta kwambiri, ngakhale kumayambiriro koyamba ndi izi zingathe kuthana ndi mapuloteni apamwamba kwambiri. Phunzirani zambiri zokhudza matendawa m'nkhani yakuti "Mbiri ya matendawa mu ophthalmology keratoconus."
Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha matendawa ndi kuwoneka kwake ndi kupita patsogolo patapita nthawi kuposa "school" myopia, msinkhu komanso kukomoka kwa maso awiri ndi kuwonjezereka kwa anisometropia. Malingaliro a Astenopic okhudzana ndi kuwonjezeka kwafunika kwa ntchito za zipangizo zoyenera kugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zimakhalanso ndi khalidwe chifukwa cha maonekedwe a kuwonetsetsa kwa thupi komanso kusiyana kwa maso. Zomwe zimafotokozedwa zimapangitsa kukayikira kuti chitukuko cha keratoconus chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo zimakhala ngati chizindikiro cha ophthalmometry (kapena keratometry) ndi biomicroscopy pansi pa nyali yamoto. Ndi ophthalmometry, chidwi chimachokera ku kupotoza ndi kuchepa kwa mtengo wa timitengo, kuyang'ana kwa cornea mpaka 7 ndi zochepa kuposa millimeters, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yake yozizira mpaka 48 Dpt ndi zina. Zojambulajambulajambula pogwiritsira ntchito kachigawo kochepa kwambiri kameneko zimasonyeza chizoloŵezi chokhalapo kwa cornea, kawirikawiri mpaka pansi, nthawi zina kumbuyo. Mdulidwewu umakhala wochepa kwambiri m'mimba mwa keratoconus yomwe imakhala ndi mtundu waukulu wa epithelium, umene, poyamba, umakhala ndi vuto loponyera la Bowman. Ndiye pali zolakwika ndi zolembera za stroma ndi chipolopolo cha Descemet ndi kupanga mawonekedwe omwe amayendera - mitsinje ya Vogt. Kusintha kwa mbiri ya pang'onopang'ono ya cornea kumangobweretsa kuwonongeke kwa maselo otsiriza ndi kulowa kwa madzi akumwa mu cornea. Chotsatira chake, chikuwoneka ngati chimbudzi kuchokera kuderalo mpaka ku totema ya edema, yotchedwa dropsy ya cornea kapena pachimake keratoconus.
Ngakhale kuti pali zifukwa zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya matendawa mu matenda ophana, vuto la chitukuko cha keratoconus sichimveka bwino. Choncho, mankhwala ochepetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sapezeka. Pazigawo zoyamba, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito dystrophic mankhwala amapangidwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa taufon, derinata, mavitasik kukonzekera kumbuyo kwa kukonzedwa ndi mapulogalamu ofewa ofewa. Kukula kwa keratoconus koopsa ndi chizindikiro cha mapeto a keratoplasty. Posachedwapa, madokotala amalimbikitsa poyambira keratoconus kuti agwirizane ntchito, kuphatikizapo keratectomy yapamwamba ya keratectomy ndi chithunzi cha keratectomy, zomwe zimayambitsa "corset" za Bowman shell ndi cornea. Komabe, ngakhale zotsatira zoyamba zikulimbikitsa, njira izi zimadalira kutsimikiziridwa ndi nthawi.
"Phacogenic" myopia
Mwa kufanana ndi ophthalmology ndi phacogenic glaucoma, yomwe imayamba chifukwa cha nthenda, kutupa, lysis kapena kugwedeza kwa lens, nkofunikira kudzipatula ndi myopia ya phacogenous. Mu moyo, timakumana ndi kusiyana kotere ndi mbiri ya matenda nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe zikuwonekera. Wodwala aliyense wamadzi amadziŵa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi nthendayi amawoneka ndi magalasi opanda pake. Ndipo kawirikawiri anthu awa sanali owona mwachidule muunyamata wawo. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kowonjezera kungakhale kusungunuka, kuthamangitsidwa, kutsegula kwa disolo mu njira ya kukula kwa cataract. Zimasintha kwambiri mphamvu yake yowonongeka, pamene njirayi imakhudza mbali yowopsya komanso yowonongeka kwambiri. Choncho, zida za nyukiliya nthawi zambiri zimayamba ndi maonekedwe kapena kuwonjezereka kwa matendawa. Anthu ena amadzidzitamandira kuti adokotala amalemba magalasi ovuta kuwerenga, ndipo amatha kuwerenga kale popanda magalasi. Ena amabwera kwa dokotala ndi zodandaula za vuto la masomphenya, nthawi zambiri diso loyamba. Dokotala amanyamula magalasi ndipo amatsimikizira munthuyo kuti palibe chowopsya, munthu wamwamuna wazaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zokha ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi atulukira ndipo akupitiliza myopia. Pali nthawi pamene panthawi yomwe magalasi amasintha mofulumira, amapita patsogolo kwambiri (pakadutsa 2-4pts!) Matendawa anapezeka ndipo matendawa analimbikitsidwa. Inde, pakubwera kwa makompyuta ambirimbiri, tsopano tikuyamba kukumana, kwa nthawi yoyamba, kuwonjezeka kwa kutsutsidwa kwa anthu ngakhale okalamba kuposa zaka 35-40 omwe akugwira ntchito yolimba pafupipafupi. Ndipo komabe sizowoneka. Choncho, njira iliyonse ya keratoconus m'zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi komanso zaka zoposa khumi, makamaka ngati galasi yowonongeka imachepetsanso kugonana kwapadera ndi chifukwa chokayikira kukula kwa nthendayi ndikuyesa zowonongeka. Pozindikira kuti matenda a cataract ndi phacogenic keratoconus, mavitamini omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri amawonekera pofotokoza zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha myopia. Tsopano tikudziwa kuti mbiri yakale ya matendawa ilipo mu zamaganizo a keratoconus.