Kutentha thupi
Kutentha thupi ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amachititsa mabakiteriya a streptococcus. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kutsekemera, kutsekemera kwa ntchentche za chiberekero, kuoneka kowonongeka khungu. Chiwopsezo chodziwika ndi chofala kwa ana omwe ali ndi zaka 2-10, nthawi zambiri zimachitika m'nyengo yozizira kapena yamasika. Pa nkhani imodzi mwa ana makumi awiri mwa ana omwe ali ndi pakhosi ndi malungo amawoneka kuti ali ndi chifuwa chofiira. Nthawi yosakaniza ndi yaifupi (kawirikawiri masiku 1-2). Mawanga amapezeka patangotha masiku awiri kuchokera pamene matendawa amayamba, nthawi zambiri pamphuno ndi pachifuwa, zimafalikira. Matenda operewera ndi kutupa khungu angakhale osiyana kwambiri, malingana ndi makhalidwe ake, koma kawirikawiri sagwidwa ndi mavuto owopsa ndipo amakhala otengeka kwambiri mankhwala. Mawanga amapitirira kwa mlungu umodzi, pambuyo poti ataya, khungu lopweteka ndi zakumwa zala ndi zala zakutsogolo zimatha kuchotsa. Kutentha kwapakhosi kumachitidwa, monga matenda a mmero, ndi maantibayotiki omwe amawononga mabakiteriya, komanso kupumula, kumwa mowa wochuluka, analgesics ndi antipyretic agents. Popanda maantibayotiki, chiwopsezo chofiira, monga matronillitis, amatha kulowa m'matenda a khutu, sinusitis, kutupa kwa zilonda zam'mimba za lymphatic (lymphadenitis), kukhudzidwa kwa matayoni. Mavuto owopsa kwambiri ndi a rheumatism komanso kuwonongeka kwa impso (glomerulonephritis) kapena mtima (rheumatic cardiopathy). Njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera katemera ndi katemera.
Rubella
Rubella ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda opatsirana, omwe maonekedwe a mawanga kapena ziphuphu pa khungu ndi kutupa kwa mapiritsi a chiberekero amachitika. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka muubwana. Ngati munthu wamkulu akudwala, rubella mwa amayi apakati nthawi zina imatsogolera ku imfa ya mwana wosabadwa. Nthawi yosakaniza ndi masiku khumi ndi awiri (23-23), matenda amapezeka masiku amodzi (2) kusanayambe kutuluka, matendawa amapitirizabe masiku asanu ndi limodzi (6-7) atatha. Rubella imadutsa pafupifupi mosavuta kapena ikupita ndi kuwonjezereka pang'ono panthawi ya kutentha. Kuthamanga kwa pinki (kungakhale ndi maonekedwe osiyana) poyamba kumawoneka pamaso ndi pachifuwa ndikufalikira kuzungulira thupi m'miyezi pafupifupi 24. Kuthamanga kumawoneka pambuyo pa masiku 1-5. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, zilonda zotupa, nthawi zina zimakhala zopweteka kwambiri. Palibe mankhwala othandiza a rubella. Ngati ikuyenda ndi fever ndi zovuta, ndibwino kuti mutenge mankhwala kuti athetse zizindikirozi. Katemera wotsutsana ndi chikuku, rubella ndi makoswe (MMR) amateteza chitetezo ku rubella kwa moyo. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti katemerayu amateteza matenda onsewa komanso kuteteza, kotero, amateteza ana amtsogolo.
Zakudya
Mankhwala ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amachitidwa ndi oimira banja la paramyxoviruses. Zakudya zimapatsirana kwambiri, zimafalitsidwa kudzera mwachindunji ndi chonyamulira kapena mpweya (mwachitsanzo, pozembera). Kawirikawiri chikuku chimapezeka kwa ana a zaka zapakati pa 4 mpaka 4, koma pambuyo pa katemera waukulu, ziphuphu zimakhala zosawerengeka. Nthawi yosakaniza ndi pafupifupi masiku khumi, chiwerengero cha matendawa chimachitika masiku 4-5, ngakhale zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zisanatuluke. Kawirikawiri chikuku chimatenga masiku khumi kuchokera ku mawonekedwe oyambirira. Atakhala ndi chikuku, mwanayo amatenga kachilombo ka HIV kwa moyo wake wonse. Poyamba, pamakhala malungo, kuthamanga kwa thupi, matenda a catarrhal, hypersensitivity kuwala, conjunctivitis, chifuwa chouma. Pamaso ndi pakhosi pali chiphuphu chomwe chimayamba kufalikira thupi lonse ndikuchiphimba masiku osachepera awiri. Panthawi imeneyi, mwanayo akhoza kukhala ndi kutentha kwapamwamba - kufika pa 40 C, nthawi zina - ululu m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba komanso kusanza. Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'thupi la chimfine, makamaka makanda, ali ndi matenda omwe amamva pakati ndi matenda opuma monga chibayo. Zakudya sizimayambitsa matenda a ubongo. Pokhala ndi mapulogalamu amasiku ano, kuphulika kwa chimfine ndizosowa, ndi matenda omwe amalimbikitsidwa pamalo opumira ndi mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kutentha ndi kuchepetsa chifuwa.
Chicken Pox
Matendawa amachititsa varicella zoster virus (VZV), yomwe imayambitsa herpes zoster (lichen) mwa anthu oposa zaka 65. Pa matenda onse operewera ndi kutupa kwa khungu, nkhuku yotchedwa nkhuku ndi yofala kwambiri. Kachilombo ka nkhuku kamapezeka kawirikawiri kwa ana 2-8, kuyambira Januari mpaka May. Akuluakulu amatha kutenga kachilomboka ngati sakanakhala nawo ali mwana. Nthawi yosakaniza imapita mozungulira, kwa milungu iwiri. Zimatsatiridwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha ndi kutaya thupi, pa thupi pali malo obiriwira omwe amapitirira kufalikira kwa nkhope ndi miyendo kwa masiku 3-4. Ndiye mawangawo amasandulika ming'oma. Pamene matendawa akupitirira, ma vesicles amauma, m'malo mwawo amapangidwa nkhanambo, zomwe zimatha pang'onopang'ono. Varicella kawirikawiri amafalitsidwa ndi kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi vesicles, pamwambowu musanakhazikitsidwe nkhanambo, chifukwa madzi omwe ali nawo ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Nthendayi imatha kupitsidwanso kudzera mlengalenga, kuphatikizapo njira zopuma za odwala matendawa. Chiwerengero cha matendawa chimachitika kwa masiku 1 -2 kusanachitike mavuvu ndikukhala masiku asanu mutatha.
Matenda omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri a nkhuku ndi matenda achiwiri pa malo a vesicles, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya Staphylococcus aureus ndi Staphylococcus pyogenes. Mu chiwindi, nthawi zina zilonda za zilonda zam'mimba zimayambitsa varicella-zoster virus yokha, ndipo ngakhale kuti kawirikawiri zimapereka zizindikiro, zimakhala ndi zotsatira za ubongo. Viricella-zoster virus imayambanso chibayo mwa akuluakulu. Pomwe mankhwala osamalidwa kapena kutsekemera ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (chemotherapy, corticosteroids), chiopsezo chachikulu cha varicella zoster ndi chibayo ndi mavuto ena ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Mavuto aakulu mwa ana ndi osowa. Chithandizo chachikulu ndi kuchepetsa kuyabwa komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi vesicles, ndipo nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito acyclovir, mankhwala osokoneza bongo wa varicella.
Matenda opatsirana
Matenda opatsirana, kapena megaloeritis, amaphatikizidwa ndi ziphuphu pamatumbo ndi manja ndi kuwombera mwamphamvu masaya. Sizinali zopanda kanthu kuti matendawa amatchedwa "kukwapula pamaso". Parvovirus imayambitsa khungu lopatsirana. Asanayambe kuthamanga, zozizwitsa zamatenda kapena pharyngitis zimachitika, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha. Ma Rashes amachitika m'masiku angapo kapena miyezi ingapo, nthawi zina imapangidwa ndi dzuwa kapena kutentha. Kwa akuluakulu, erythema ikuphatikiza ndi kutentha kwa nkhope, kupweteka pamodzi, ngakhale zizindikiro za nyamakazi. Matenda pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba sizimapangitsa mwana kukhala wosabadwa, koma amachulukitsa chiopsezo chotenga padera.
Ana a roseola
Roseola (exanthem subitum), wotchedwanso "matenda asanu ndi limodzi", amayamba chifukwa cha herpesvirus ya mtundu wachisanu ndi chimodzi, amadziwika ndi kutentha kwa thupi komanso kutentha kwa khungu. Roseola amakhudzidwa ndi pafupifupi 30% ya ana a miyezi 4 mpaka 24, amapezeka kwa ana achikulire, koma kawirikawiri. Kutalika kwa nthawi ya makulitsidwe ndi masiku 5-15. Matendawa amapezeka mosavuta ndi kutentha ndi kutentha. Kutentha kumatenga masiku 3-4, ndipo ikagwa, mphukira ya pinkish imaonekera - choyamba pachifuwa, kenako pamaso, m'mimba ndi pang'ono pamapazi. Roseola savuta, nthawi zina amapezeka retrospectively, pambuyo pa kuthamanga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zikhoza kusokonezeka ndi pharyngitis kapena matenda a khutu chifukwa cha kutentha kuphatikizapo pakhosi kapena khutu. Tsopano tikudziwa mtundu wa matenda a khungu.