Ana a cardiologists amalemba mayesero angapo, kuphatikizapo electrocardiogram, X-ray ndi echocardiogram, kuti adziwe bwinobwino ndi kupereka mankhwala. Kodi ndi matenda otani omwe alipo pamtima wa mwanayo, ndi momwe angawadziwitse, komanso zina zambiri, muwone m'nkhani yakuti "Matenda opatsirana a mtima mwa ana."
Zolakwika za magawo a atria ndi ventricles
Zopweteka za septa zamagazi zimapangidwa pakati pa zipinda zapamwamba za mtima (atria), zomwe zimalandira magazi. Ziphuphu za ma ventricles zimapezeka m'magulu apansi a mtima, kumene magazi amachokera. Muzochitika zonsezi za matenda opatsiranawa, magazi omwe amabwerera ku mtima kuchokera m'mapapu sapita kuzungulira bwalo lonse, koma amabwerera m'mapapo m'malo mopita ku ziwalo zina. Ndi matendawa, magazi okhudzidwa m'mapapo amakula, ana ena amachititsa kuti azikhala ovutika maganizo, akuvutika kudya, kutukuta kwambiri, ndi kuchepetsa kukula. Ziphuphu zimenezi zingakonzedwe opaleshoni.
Tsegulani duct arterial
Muzochitika zachilendo za matenda opatsiranawa, njirayi imatseketsa masiku 1-2 atabadwa. Ngati imakhala yotseguka, mbali ya magazi imalowa m'mapapo ndipo imapereka mavuto ena ku mitsempha yawo ya magazi.
Matenda a valve
Ndi aortic stenosis, valve ya aortic imatsekedwa pang'onopang'ono, motero kumapeto kwa ventricle kumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera magazi ku aorta, ndi kumbali zina zonse. Ana ena ali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri moti amafunikira opaleshoni. Nthawi zina, kuperewera kwa mtima kumafunikanso, kuchitidwa opaleshoni yofulumira kapena valvuloplasty ndi kutsegula mpweya wodzaza mpweya. Ndi mphamvu yotupa ya valve, mpweya wabwino umayesetsa kwambiri kutumiza magazi m'mapapo. Stenosis imeneyi ikhoza kukhala yosawoneka, yosaphatikizapo chithandizo kapena, mosiyana, yovuta kwambiri kotero kuti idzafunikila kuchitidwa opaleshoni mobwerezabwereza.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa aorta
Ili ndilo dzina loponyera malo aorta ngati matenda opatsirana amtima, omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka pamtunda wa njira yowonongeka ndi aorta kapena pansi pa aorta yachitsulo cha subclavia. Pogwiritsa ntchito magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumalo ochepa a thupi kumafooka, choncho kuthamanga ndi kupsyinjika miyendo kumakhala pansi pa msinkhu wabwino, komanso m'manja. Pogwidwa, nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto ambiri. Kuwopsa kwa magazi kumayambitsa mitu ndi mphuno kwa ana ena. Kuvutika maganizo m'thupili nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo ululu m'milingo chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi, koma kupangika kwake kumakhala kovuta.
Kusintha kwa mitsempha yayikulu
Kwa ana obadwa osowa, moyo wautali ndi wotsika kwambiri. Ngati atha kukhala ndi moyo, ndiye kuti pokhapokha padzakhala phokoso pakati pa ziwalo zazing'ono zamanja ndi zamanzere, zomwe zimapezeka nthawi yoberekera. Phokosolo limalola kupititsa magazi okosijeni kuchokera kumalo abwino kupita kumanzere ndiyeno kuchokera ku ventricle yolondola kupita ku aorta, kotero thupi limalandira oxygen yokwanira kuti ikhalebe yofunika kwambiri. Pakalipano, zolakwitsa izi zakonzedwa mwa njira yogwiritsira ntchito. Tsopano tikudziwa kuti matenda a mtima opatsirana ndi otani.