Mmodzi wa makinawa ali ndi kutchuka kwake pamsika.
Pakadali pano, palibe dzina limodzi lokha, lomwe lingapangitse ntchito zonse za makina osamba. N'chizoloŵezi kuti tigwiritse ntchito mau ndi ziganizo zomwe amavomerezedwa kumadzulo. Ponena za maina ovuta kwambiri, iwowa amapezekanso mayina, choncho aliyense amawunikira okha.
Kusankha bwino makina ochapa ndi nkhani yovuta kwambiri ndipo kumafuna nzeru zina. Makina ochapa amene amazoloŵera kugwiritsa ntchito Russian, ayambe kutetezedwa ku madontho a mpweya. Galimoto iliyonse yachilendo, ngati inapangidwa ku Ulaya, imayenera kukhala ndi zolembedwera, zotchedwa "UES Criteria", zomwe zimasonyeza zida zamakono zomwe zimatsatira malamulo a ku Ulaya.
Kwa ife, kutsuka makina omwe angathe kunyamula nsalu kuchokera pakati pazolowera. Ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimagula ogulitsa, zimatha kukhala zotchipa kusiyana ndi zitsanzo zina zomwe zovala zoyenera kutsukidwa kuchokera pamwamba. Komabe, magalimoto okhala ndi pakhomo lolowera ndi ofunika kwambiri komanso amawoneka okongola kuposa ena. Zili zosavuta kuti zigwirizane ndi mipando ndi kusankha mkati.
Kusankha bwino makina ochapa kumathandizidwa ndi kufufuza ntchito zake. Mwachitsanzo, makina omwe ali ndi katundu wambiri ochapa zovala amakhala ndi mautumiki osiyanasiyana kusiyana ndi makina omwe akutsogolo kutsogolo. Ngakhale kuti kuika zovala kumwamba ndikukuchotsa mu thanki kumakhala kosavuta kusiyana ndi kuisiika kuti iikidwe mkatikati mwa khomo la galimotoyo. Mu makina ochapa omwe amatsitsa pamwamba, mukhoza kuwonjezera kuchapa ngakhale pamene mukuchapa ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, achotseni kumeneko ngati mukufunikira. Mukhoza kumwa madzi pang'ono ndikutsuka ufa. Mitengo yaying'ono yopangira makina ochapa adzakhala ndi ntchito zambiri kuposa zofanana, koma ndi katundu wofunikira.
Palinso zitsanzo zovuta kwambiri. Zina mwa izo, pali makina osamba omwe amathandiza kuti azisamba bwinobwino, komanso kuti azichapa zovala zambiri atatsuka. Madzi onse amasokonezeka mu thanki. Bedi lakugona mukamayanika mu makina otere silingakhoze ngakhale kutsekedwa, ndipo zinthu zowonongeka kuti muzitha kuzigwiritsa ntchito n'zosavuta. Inde, mtengo wa galimoto yoteroyo udzakhala wotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Palinso makina osambitsidwa apadera omwe angamangidwe kukhala malo kapena malo odzipatulira omwe sangapangitse chisokonezo ndi malingaliro a kukonzanso kwanu. Makina ovomerezeka amatha kugwedezeka kwambiri kuti kugwedeza kumawononga zinthu zamtengo wapatali komanso zamtengo wapatali. Makina opangidwirawo amapangidwa mothandizidwa ndi matekinoloje apadera omwe amalola kuwombera kuthamanga ndi kuteteza nkhope kuntchito yosagwedezeka. Chifukwa chake, mukufunikira kusankha bwino makina otsuka omwe muyenera kusangalala nawo.
Pokhapokha mutatha kudziwa mtundu wa makina osamba, mukhoza kuona zikuluzikulu za zitsanzo zomwe zikupezeka mu sitolo yamagetsi. Pokhapokha mutangoyamba kuganizira ntchito zina, monga: zotheka kutsuka, kutsuka, kuyendetsa, komanso ntchito zina zoonjezera (kuyanika, kutsekemera, etc.)
Kusankha makina ochapira sikungodziwa zonse zomwe zilipo komanso magawo ake, komanso ndizochitika zabwino, chifukwa popanda ntchito yogula zipangizo zoterezi sizikugwiranso ntchito. Mtengo wa katundu wochapa zovala umawerengedwa kuchokera kulemera kwa nsalu zomwe zingagwirizane ndi ng'anjo popanda kugwirizana. Mtengo wotheka kwambiri, monga lamulo, ndi wochokera ku 4 mpaka 7 kg wa zovala. Kuwonjezera apo kuchuluka kochapa zovala, kawirikawiri kumakhala kofunikira kutsuka, zomwe zidzakuthandizani kuti muzisunga. Pamene nsalu zolimba zimachotsedwa, ndodoyo ndi yodzala, nsalu zokometsera zimakhala zodzaza ndi theka, ndipo ubweya ndi wachitatu. Mtolo wa makilogalamu asanu ukanakhala wolandiridwa kwa banja la anthu atatu kapena anayi.
Kuwonongeka kwa madzi ndi magetsi kumatsimikizira kuti makina angapulumutse. Madzi osachepera amafunikira kutsuka, yotsekemera ndi magetsi ochepa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito. Poyang'ana pa mtengo ndi mtundu wa makina ochapira, mutha kupeza zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi ntchito yake. Kwenikweni, aliyense ali ndi zovala ndi zovala kuchokera ku zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mapulogalamu anayi. Choyamba ndi kutsuka kwa thonje ndi nsalu ndi kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 90 Celsius. Chachiwiri ndikumatha kusamba zipangizo zamakono ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 60. Pulogalamu yachitatu imakulolani kusamba zovala zoonda. Wachinayi adzakuthandizani kusamba zovala zaubweya. Mapulogalamu achitatu ndi achinai amagwira ntchito kutentha kwa madigiri 40.
Mapulogalamu ena operekedwa ndi makina ochapira, amakulolani kuti musankhe boma lopindulitsa lochapa zovala zamkati zosiyana siyana ndi mtundu. Musalole kuti zovala zisinthe kwambiri. Makina ochapa abwino adzakuthandizani kuti muzisunga pa zotupa. Pa nthawi yomweyi, utumiki uliwonse umakhudza mtengo wa makina ochapira. Ngati mukufuna, makina abwino akhoza kuonetsetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha, kusinthika kwa nyerere ndi kuthamanga msanga. Ntchito izi ndizomwe zimakondweretsa inu ndikusamba bwino.
Makina ochapira sizomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pakhomo. Ndi mnzanu wodalirika amene angathandize kuti zovala zanu zikhale zoyera. Makina ochapa abwino adzakhala owonjezera kuntchito ndi chitonthozo m'nyumba mwanu.