Kodi Rh ndi chiyani? Ndi mapuloteni omwe ali pamwamba pa maselo a magazi (erythrocytes). Anthu omwe ali nawo pano ndizo zonyamula zabwino za Rh factor. Anthu awo omwe alibe puloteni iyi m'magazi awo ndi Rh-negative. Zinawululidwa kuti kachilombo ka HIV kamene kakakhala pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu.
Ngati vutoli likusagwirizana ndi mayi ndi mwana mu Rh factor, mapangidwe a antiresus matupi angayambe mu thupi la mayi wapakati.
Ndipo palibe vuto la kusagwirizana pakati pa kachigawo ka Rh ka mayi ndi mwana, ngati amayi ndi abambo ali Rh-negative kapena ngati mayi ali ndi kachilombo ka Rh. Ndiponso, ngati mwanayo alandira zamoyo za makolo awiri panthaĊµi imodzi, ndiye kuti palibe mgwirizano wa Rhesus.
Kodi kusagwirizana kwa mayi ndi mwana mu Rh ndi chiyani?
Mu thupi la mayi wapakati, monga tanenera kale, pali nkhondo ya Rhesus, yomwe imachokera ku thupi la amayi, Rh imatulutsa - mapuloteni apadera. Pankhani iyi, madokotala amaika mkazi yemwe ali ndi vuto la rhesus-sensitization.
Matenda a Rhesus angathenso kuonekera mthupi la mkazi atachotsa mimba, atatha kutenga pakati, atatha kubadwa koyamba.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri, mimba yoyamba pakati pa mayi woipa wa Rh imapanda popanda mavuto. Ngati mimba yoyamba imasokonezeka, chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka Rh pakapita mimba kumakula. Komanso, matendawa sali ovulaza thupi la mkazi mwanjira iliyonse. Koma, kulowa m'mimba mwazi, Rhesus antibodies akhoza kuwononga erythrocyte, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a kuchepa kwa mwana watsopano, kusokonezeka kwa chitukuko cha machitidwe ndi ziwalo za mwanayo. Kugonjetsa mwana wosabadwa ndi kachilombo ka Rh kumatchedwa matenda achimake. Zotsatira zopweteka kwambiri za kusagwirizana kwa mayi ndi mwana zomwe zili ndi rezu ndi kubadwa kwa mwana wosakhoza kukhala ndi moyo. Mu nthawi zovuta kwambiri, mwanayo amabadwa ndi jekeseni kapena magazi m'thupi.
Ana obadwa ndi zizindikiro za matenda a hemolytic amafunika kuchipatala mwamsanga - kuika magazi.
Pofuna kupewa zotsatira zovuta zogwirizana ndi mayi ndi mwana pa Rh factor, muyenera kuyamba kufunsa mafunso a amayi, komwe mungayesedwe ku mayesero onse. Ngati zotsatira za mayeserowo zitsimikizirani kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, mumayikidwa pa akaunti yapadera ndipo nthawi zonse mumayang'anitsitsa kupezeka kwa magazi a Rh m'magazi. Ngati mankhwalawa atapezeka, mudzatumizidwa ku malo osokoneza bongo.
Tsopano matenda a hemolytic a fetus amapezeka kale kale. Mwanayo amathandizidwa kuti apulumuke m'mimba mwa mayi pogwiritsa ntchito kuikidwa magazi. Pogwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kupyolera mu khoma la m'mimba mwa mayi, mwanayo amatsanulira mu mitsempha kupita ku umbilical kwa 50ml wopereka maselo ofiira a magazi, kotero kuti mwanayo amakula bwino mpaka kumapeto kwa mimba.
Pamene mayi wa Rh-ali ndi mwana ali ndi kachilombo ka Rh factor, antiresus gamma globulin imayikidwa mkati mwa maola ochepa oyambirira. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa m'thupi la mayi, kupanga maseĊµera olimbitsa thupi kumasiya.