Nkhumba ndi nkhumba zambiri zimapangitsa kuti nkhuku ndi amphaka zisatulukire kumbuyo kwawo. Kuthamangitsidwa kwa nyamazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwakukulu, nthawi zina kwambiri kuposa matenda a nkhumba ndi makoswe. Mitembo yawo imakhala yoopsa kwambiri pamabwinja, omwe angakhale magwero a matenda kwa makoswe.
Kuti atenge kachilomboka, ndi kokwanira kuti munthu adye chidutswa chaching'ono (15-20 g) wa nyama. Dokotala woopsa ukhoza kukhala kupatsa kwa mphutsi zopanda phindu pa kuchuluka kwa magawo asanu pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi. M'mimba ya munthu pansi pa chikoka cha m'mimba makapisozi a trichin kupasuka ndipo mphutsi imamasulidwa. Amadutsa m'mimba, ndipo amakula msanga ndipo patapita masiku atatu amatha kukhala maonekedwe okhwima.
Nyongolotsi zikuluzikulu zimathamanga m'makoma a m'matumbo, kumene kumera kwa akazi kumachitika, komwe kumabala mphutsi zamoyo 1500-2000 ndikufa. Mphutsi pamodzi ndi magazi ndi mitsempha imanyamula thupi lonse (nthawi yosamukira imatha masabata awiri mpaka 6-6) ndipo imakhazikika mu minofu ya minofu yowonongeka, makamaka pamphuno, m'mimba, m'misomo ya larynx ndi maso. Mphungu imakula mofulumira kwambiri, kuzungulira iyo timagulu timene timapanga timadzi timene timayika. Minofu ya nyama yolumikiza nyama imathandizanso pakupanga envelopu. Mu capsules, mphutsi zimakhala zothandiza kwa zaka zambiri. Kupyolera mu kayendedwe ka circulatory, makamaka ziwiya zing'onozing'ono, zingawononge iwo ndipo zimayambitsa kutaya kwa minofu.
Muzirombo zochepa, matendawa amatha masiku angapo, ndipo pakakhala zovuta kwambiri akhoza kuchepetsedwa mpaka masabata asanu kapena asanu kapena kuposa. Pambuyo pa masiku 10-45 mutatha kutenga matenda, i.e. Pambuyo pa kudya kunakhudza nyama, munthu amakhala ndi thanzi labwino, mutu, kutentha thupi nthawi zina kufika 39-40 °. Kaŵirikaŵiri, ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha matendawa. Pafupi nthawi zonse kumayambiriro kwa matendawa pali kutupa kwa maso, ndiye nkhope.
Pambuyo pa masiku 1-3 pamene mukuyenda kapena kukakamizidwa, munthu amamva kupweteka minofu. M'magazi, zomwe zili ndi eosinophilic leukocytes (eosinophilia) zikuwonjezeka. Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zazikuluzikuluzikulu siziwoneka nthawi zonse - m'matenda ochepa, trichinosis ikhoza kulakwitsa chifukwa cha fuluwenza, ndipo nthawi zina zimawoneka ngati chimfine cha typhoid. Pa matenda aakulu, pangakhale zovuta: chibayo, kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya magazi ndi mitsempha, ubongo, minofu ya mtima, chiwindi ndi impso. Nthawi yowopsya ndi yoopsa ya matenda ndi nthawi imene mphutsi imasunthira kupyolera mu thupi laumunthu ndi kulumikiza kwake mu minofu ya minofu ndi kupanga mapuloteni owerengeka - mavuto aakulu angayambe.
Matendawa amapangidwa pa maziko a matendawa, kuphunzira za magazi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zodziwiritsira ntchito. Ndikofunika kudziwa ngati anthu omwe adwala matendawa masiku angapo asanatenge nkhumba kapena nyama yamtchire. Ngati pali nyama, amafunika kuyesedwa. M'zinthu zina zokayikira zimaphunzira kuphunzira minofu ya wodwalayo, kuchotsa minofu pang'ono.
Mwachidziwitso ndi matenda oopsa, ovulala ayenera kuchipatala. Matenda ochepa a matendawa amatha kuchiritsidwa kunyumba poyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wodwala matenda.
Matenda a zinyama ndi ovuta kuzindikira
Nyama zingathenso kutenga kachilombo ka nyama ndi matenda owopsa. Zoona, momwe zimapitilira zinyama, pamene sizikuphunziridwa mosavuta, ndipo matenda omwe ali nawo m'moyo ndi ovuta kuika. Akatswiri a zamagulu apeza kuti m'masabata awiri oyambirira a matendawa, chikhalidwe chawo, kuchepetsa chilakolako, kutsekula m'mimba, ndi kuchepa kwa phindu lolemera tsiku ndi tsiku pa zinyama zazing'ono zinazindikiritsidwa ndi zinyama. M'magazi, kuwonjezeka kwa leukocyte ya eosinophilic kumatsimikiziridwa. Maonekedwe aakulu a matendawa amachititsa imfa ya chinyama, nthawi yoopsa kwambiri ya chitukuko cha m'mimba trichinella kapena nthawi yokhala ndi mphutsi za Trichinella mu minofu. Kufufuza molondola kumapangidwa kawirikawiri pambuyo pofufuza minofu, kumene kukhalapo kwa trichinella kumatsimikiziridwa.
Musatuluke mitembo ya nyama zakufa mutachotsa zikopa m'dera lanulo kapena m'nkhalango. Izi zidzakhala magwero a matenda a ziweto ndi makoswe. Kugwiritsa ntchito nyama ya nyama zakutchire pofuna chakudya cha panyama kungatheke pokhapokha mutapenda mosamala. Mitembo ya nyama zakufa iyenera kutenthedwa, ndipo, ngati n'kotheka, imatumizidwa ku zitsamba.
Zina mwa zakudya zamtundu wa trichinella zimafalitsidwa mwa kudya nyama zina ndi ena. Choncho, timermine ndi weasel zimatha kukhala nyama zowononga mimba, ferret ndi zinyama zina zakutchire, ndipo nyama izi zimadyedwa ndi nkhandwe. Mbira, nkhandwe, galu la raccoon, nkhumba zakutchire zimatha kulanda nyama. Trichinosis kuchokera ku mmbulu, chimbalangondo, mtundu wa lynx umene ulibe adani, ukhoza kupita pambuyo pa imfa yawo. Zakudyazi nthawi zambiri zimadyedwa osati ndi nyama zowonongeka komanso nkhumba zakutchire, komanso ndi mitundu yosiyana ya makoswe ndi nyama zowonongeka.
Mitundu yambiri ndi makoswe amathandizanso kufalitsa kwa trichinella m'chilengedwe. Zimadziwika kuti makoswe ndi chakudya kwa odyetsa onse, ndi nkhumba ndi nyama zina zambiri, mbewa zimakhala ngati chakudya chachikulu. Akatswiri odwala Trichinella omwe amapezeka m'mapuloteni, makoswe amadzi, mapiko ambiri, nkhalango zakuda, nkhalango ndi mbewa. Mphungu ya Trichinella mu minofu imakhala yovuta kwambiri mpaka kutentha, kotero mitembo yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi trichinella ikhoza kukhala gwero la matenda kwa nthawi yaitali ngakhale nyengo yozizira.
Kufunika pomenyana ndi trichinosis kumakhala kosavuta kuganizira nyama kuti akhalepo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ku Belarus, malingana ndi malamulo a zinyama, nyama ya nkhumba, komanso nyama zakutchire, zimayenera kukhala ndi mayesero ochepa kwambiri pa malo oyang'anira nyama, nyama zopangira nyama, nyumba zophera nyama ndi ziphaso. Kuti muphunzire kuchokera ku nyama iliyonse kuchokera ku miyendo ya chithunzithunzi, mitsempha yotchedwa intercostal kapena gastrocnemius 24 imatengedwa, yomwe imaphwanyidwa pakati pa magalasi (mu compressor) ndikuyang'anitsitsa mu microscope. M'misika, zitsanzo za kufufuza zingatengedwe kuchokera ku nyama iliyonse. Pambuyo poyendera, kunyalanyaza kwa zinyama ndi kuyang'anira ukhondo kumayikidwa.
Ngati katatu Trichinella imapezeka m'magulu a minofu, mosasamala kanthu kogwiritsidwa ntchito kwake, nyama ikuwonongeka kapena imatha kugwiritsa ntchito luso. Ochimwira amene amagulitsa nyama yopanda khola amaimbidwa mlandu. Trichinella imaphedwa pamene kuphika zidutswa za nyama sizoposa 8 cm wakuda kwa maola 2.5. Kawirikawiri mankhwala opaleshoni a mphutsi sapha. Kusuntha kapena salting sikukhudza mphamvu ya mphutsi za Trichinella. Pansi pa mchere wamchere, amatha kuposa chaka. Sikokwanira ndikusuta fodya.
Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo kuti mupewe zomwe mungathe kupyolera mwa nyama ya membala aliyense wa banja lanu:
- onetsetsani kuti mukufufuza za trichinosis ya nyama ya nyama;
- Musagule nyama ndi nyama kunja kwa malo ogulitsira, komanso nyama za nyama ya nkhumba zomwe ziribe sitampu kapena zilembo za zofufuzira zamatenda ndi zoyenera;
- Kuwononga makoswe m'mapulasi a nkhumba m'madera ena;
- nyama yowonongeka ndi Trichinella iyenera kutayidwa
Wodwala yemwe ali ndi trichinosis sali pangozi kwa ena. Komabe, amafunika kuchiritsidwa mwamsanga.