Chimandarini (Citrus reticulata) ndi cha banja la rutae ndipo ndi mtengo wawung'ono wa nthambi womwe uli ndi masamba obiriwira. Lekani ngozi lanceolate. Mbali yapadera ndi mapiko ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi petioles a masamba akulu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nthawi ya moyo wa tsamba lirilonse ndi zaka 4 pafupipafupi. Kutalika kwa mandarin wamkulu, ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi za zana, kumatha kufika mamita 3.5. Kufanana kwake kumatheka ndi korona wa Chimandarini yomwe imakhala yolemera. Maluwa a Citrus reticulata ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, aakulu, kukula kwake, ndi fungo lonunkhira.
Zipatso za Chimandarini zimapangidwa pa nthambi zazing'ono ndipo zimadziwika ndi zazikulu (pafupifupi 60-80 gramu), zowonongeka kapena zooneka bwino, zokongola kwambiri, zonunkhira bwino ndi zokometsetsa, kusowa kwa maenje. Poyerekeza ndi lalanje, mandarin yamagazi imasiyanitsa mosavuta ndi zamkati. Palibe chovuta kusiyanitsa thupi kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Mitundu ya tangerines ya mkati
Chimandarini chofala kwambiri ndi mitundu ya Unshiu yopanda mbewu, yofalitsa zomera (mwazigawo za mpweya kapena katemera). Masamba a chomera amakhala ndi khalidwe lachiwonongeko. Palibe nthawi yowoneka yopumula kwa chiyanjano cha Chimandarini, chitsitsimutso cha masamba chikupezeka pang'onopang'ono chaka chonse.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kutentha ndi kuwala. Chinsinsi cha kulima mandarins ndi kutentha. Chipinda chamkati cha mandarin chimakhala chofuna kwambiri kuunikira ndi kutentha. Choncho, kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutuluka kwa masamba, maluwa komanso zipatso zabwino zimakhala 15-18 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kutentha kwa chipinda cha 12 ° C ndi kuyatsa bwino. Pa madigiri apamwamba a "wintering" zomera zimatha kubereka zipatso.
Chomera cha Mandarin chimakonda kuwala kowala kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi za chilimwe zotentha ndi bwino kubisala chomeracho dzuwa. Zokongola zidzakhala malo a Chimandarini kumadzulo kapena kumayang'ana chakummawa.
Kuthirira. M'chilimwe ndi m'chaka chiri kofunika kuti madzi awa awonongeke kwambiri ndi madzi ofunda; M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira madzi okwanira kumakwanira 1-2 pa sabata. Ndikofunika kupeŵa kuyanika kwa dziko lapansi ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, zomwe zingabweretse kugwa msanga kwa zipatso ndi masamba. Kuthira mowa mopitirira muyeso kudzawononganso chomeracho. Pezani chiwerengero cha zosowa za ulimi wothirira kuchokera mu October.
Komanso, m'chilimwe miyezi mandarins amafuna nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Njira yofananayo iyenera kuchitidwa pa nkhani ya mpweya wouma m'chipinda m'nyengo yozizira, mwinamwake chomeracho chimakhala ndi tizirombo monga scabbards ndi nthata.
Kusindikiza. Mitengo yachinyamata iyenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse, ndipo pamene mizu yazitsamba imayikidwa bwino ndi dothi. Ngati izi sizinachitikepo, ndizokwanira kubwezeretsa nthaka ndi zitsamba zatsopano.
Wamkulu fruiting mitengo ndi kuziika kawirikawiri - nbsp; Osaposa 1 nthawi mu zaka 2-3. Kusamba kumayenera kukhala nthawi isanayambe nyengo, ndikupita kumapeto kwa kukula, izi sizikuvomerezeka. Chovala cha dziko lapansi sichingathe kuwonongedwa pamene chomeracho chimasamutsidwa ku chakudya chatsopano. Onetsetsani kuti kolala ya mizu ili pafupi mofanana ngati mu mbale zakale.
Cholinga cha nthaka chikuthandizidwa ndi zomera zachitsamba za mandarin: nthaka yothira masamba, humus ku ndowe ya ng'ombe, mtedza ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 2: 1. Pankhani ya munthu wamkulu wachimandarini, chiŵerengero cha nthaka zigawo ziyenera kusinthidwa - 1: 1: 3: 1 - ndi kuwonjezera pang'ono dothi la mafuta.
Kubalana. Chimandarini ndi chomera chomwe chimafalitsidwa vegetatively, polemba pamodzi, ndi cuttings ndi cuttings, kawirikawiri ndi mbewu. Kunyumba, njira yabwino kwambiri ndi cuttings. Komabe, kuti zithetsere bwino zomera kuti zikhale ndi malo oyenera, ndikofunika kudzala mbewu ndi kuzikula mu chipinda. Onani kuti kulawa kowawa kwa chipatso kumawoneka mu chipinda chomera. Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunikira kudyetsa chomeracho ndi kuthirira feteleza mu June-July, motero kuwonjezera shuga za chipatso. Mitengo yakale imafuna fetereza zambiri, makamaka ngati sizinaperekedwe kwa nthawi yaitali. M'nyengo yozizira, mandarins amayeneranso kumera, koma izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala. Mmodzi woyenera ndi ophatikizapo feteleza ndi feteleza monga mtundu wa ndowe.
Mavuto apadera. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nthaka ya mitengo yaying'ono ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale yowala, ndipo akuluakulu ndi olemetsa. Mtengo wabwino kwambiri wa nthaka ndi 6.5-7.
Musamapange chomera pa nthawi ya maluwa kapena fruiting, izi zidzatsogolera kuphuka msanga kwa maluwa ndi zipatso.
Pankhani ya kuchepa kwa zakudya m'nthaka, masamba a Chimandarini amakhala ochepa, achikasu ndipo mwamsanga akugwa; Maluwa samapangidwa, zipatso - ayi. Ndiye tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisala chomera ndi kupanga feteleza.
Ndikofunika kutsata boma la ulimi wothirira, monga mowa wambiri, masamba a mitengo akhoza kutembenukira chikasu m'mphepete ndi kugwa msanga.
Kuwonekera kwa masamba owuma ouma kumalankhula povomereza kutentha kwa dzuwa kapena kubzala tizirombo.
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi zakudya m'nthaka, kusowa kwaunikira m'nyengo yozizira ndi kuthirira madzi ozizira ndi zojambula zimadzaza ndi kutaya kwa masamba.
Tizilombo. Ziwombankhanga zambiri za citrus ndizozaza. Za maonekedwe awo amalankhulani mabala obiriwira pamwamba pa zimayambira ndi masamba. Zida zimadyetsa selo yachitsulo, pamene masamba amafota, amapotoka ndikugwa.
Sungani mtengo wa Chimandarini ukhoza kupopera bwinobwino mbewuyo ndi tizilombo. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito njira yokwana 0.15% ya actinic (1-2 ml pa madzi okwanira 1 litre), decis kapena carbofos.
Momwe zinthu zilili ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri, kangaude umakhala m'mimba. Zingatheke mosavuta ndi kukhalapo kwa akangaude m'malo awa. Chomeracho chimakhala chopusa, zipatso zimagwa msanga. Chithandizo chothandiza ngati chisawonongeko chachikulu chikupopera mankhwala ndi 0.15% yankho la actinic. Komabe, m'miyendo yoyamba ya matendawa, ndikwanira kusamba chomera ndi madzi asopo.