Pali mitundu inayi yokhayikira: cystic, diverticular, tubular ndi segmental-intramural. Zomwe anthu ambiri amagwirizanitsa ndizomwe zimayanjanirana ndi vutoli komanso kusowa kwachinsinsi.
Zovuta zamadzimadzi zimasiyanasiyana mu kukula, msinkhu wa mawonekedwe a mediastinamu ndi kukhalapo kwa mucosa pa khoma lamkati. Fomuyo ndi yovuta, yozungulira imasiyanasiyana ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Amapezeka pamalo apamwamba komanso apakati pa atatu.
Kuwonjezeka kwa machitidwe osokoneza bongo kumbali yolondola yachondereko kumachitika kawiri kawiri kawiri kuposa kumanzere. Kuyankhulana pakati pa phokoso la kubwereza ndi kuunika kwa phokoso kapena bronchus n'kosawerengeka ndipo kumachitika pokhapokha kukula kokhala ngati vuto la vutoli. Mphungu yamkati yomwe imayika mkatikati mwa kubwerezabwereza ndi yofanana ndi momwe zimakhalira m'mimba mwake (45.4%) kapena phokoso (35.7%).
Zizindikiro za kuchipatala
Mawonetseredwe aakulu a chipatala ali kale kale muzaka zoyambirira za moyo wa mwanayo. Zimayambitsa makamaka chifukwa cha kuphwanya khalidwe, kuponderezana kwa trachea ndi mayendedwe. Pafupi theka la ana ali ndi zizindikiro zogwirizana ndi zomwe zimachitika mumtsinje wokha, mwachitsanzo, kutambasula kwa capsule kumayambitsa kupweteka, kusungunuka kwa zomwe zili mkati ndi kutsekemera ndi kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi malungo. Nthawi zina, magazi amachitika. Nthaŵi zina, kuphatikizapo kawiri kawiri kameneka kumatuluka mosavuta ndipo kumawoneka mwadzidzidzi ndi kufufuza kwa X-ray.
Ngakhale kuti zitsulozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molimba kwambiri pakhomopo, chiwonetsero cha matenda a trachea ndi bronchi amachitikira kale, chomwe chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusamuka kwakukulu kwa mimba. Zizindikiro za kuponderezana zimakokera, kumverera kwachisoni pakupuma. M'tsogolomu, khalani ndi vuto la kupuma, lomwe likuwoneka ngati njira, yomwe imaletsa pang'onopang'ono njira ya kupuma. Potsirizira pake, pamapeto pake, kumayambitsa chithunzithunzi chachikulu cha matenda a chibayo, atelectasis ndi bronchiectasis.
Zotsatira zam'tsogolo za kupanikizika kwa mimba zikuwonetsedwa mu vytesrygivaniya, kusanza ndi dysphagia. Zizindikiro izi ndi zachikhalire, pomwe panthawi imodzimodzimodzi ndi vuto lakupuma limakhala ngati kugwedezeka. Kubwereranso ndi kusanza mwamsanga mukamameza. Mu masanzi ndi regurgitated misa muli chakudya chosasinthika.
Kusuta kwa madzi kungakhale chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa kuphatikiza kwa kuphwanya kwapakatikati kwa mphukira m'mimba kapena kupuma. M'mayeserowa, kusakaniza kwa magazi kumapezeka mchipatala kapena regurgitated chakudya gruel. Pamene mphutsi yamagazi imatuluka, imabisika (zamatsenga).
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimagwirizanitsa ndi ziphuphu zina za ziwalo zina, makamaka ndi zolakwika zomwe zimakhalapo pakukula kwa mitsempha ndi nthiti.
Popeza palibe zizindikiro zachipatala zowonjezereka kwasophagus, njira ya X-ray imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti izindikire. Mothandizidwa ndi njira imeneyi, kuphatikizapo kawiri kawiri kameneka kumatulutsa maulendo ozungulira m'mbuyo mwa mediastinum, nthawi zambiri kuphatikizapo maonekedwe a mphulupulu ndi nthiti. Komabe, mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono ayenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi zotupa zapachilendo, bronchogenic ndi dermoid cysts, ndi abscesses. Kusiyanitsa kwa X-ray, kuphatikizapo kale, sikumalola kukhazikitsa chidziwitso chodziwikiratu cha chidziwitso chokhachokha, popeza zizindikiro za kupanikizika ndi kusamuka kwa chiwonetserochi zimatsimikizira kuti pali maphunziro apamwamba, koma osati chikhalidwe chake.
Zosati zidziwike mokwanira ndizomwe zimapangidwira kuti ndizomwe mumaphunzira.
Kusintha kwa mphindi kumawoneka ngati njira yoopsa, chifukwa, popanda kusintha chirichonse chokhudza chithandizo chamankhwala, imayambitsa ngozi yowononga mildst mediastinum tanni.
Chithandizo
Njira yokhayo yothandizira kuika kachilombo kazitsulo kazitsulo ndi ntchito (kuchotsedwa kwa tsamba). Zotsatira za chithandizo cha opaleshoni zimakhutiritsa kwambiri.
Ponena za mitundu ina yowonjezereka, iwo ndi osowa kwambiri ndipo safunikira kwenikweni.
Khalani wathanzi!