Ndani sakonda kulawa kokometsera kaboti kebab, komanso ngakhale mpweya wabwino? Koma, mwatsoka, zoopsa zambiri zimachitika pa picnic. Ndikufuna kuthera nthawi m'chilengedwe popanda mavuto. Koma ngati vuto la m'mimba silingapewe, chithandizo choyamba cha poizoni chakuyenera chiyenera kuperekedwa nthawi.
Kupha nyama ndi nsomba ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa anthu. Poyamba, masamba ndi zipatso zabwino zimakhala ndi nitrates, zomwe zimakhudza thupi. Musamangokhalira kukonda za poizoni. Nthawi zina sapita patapita masiku angapo osakhala bwino. Kuphatikiza pa zotsatira zoipa pa thupi, poizoni wa chakudya zingayambitse imfa. Muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti zinthu zopweteka zisalowe m'thupi. Ndipo ngati izi zakhala zikuchitika kale, m'pofunika kuti mutengepo nthawi yofunikira.
Kupha chakupha kumagawidwa m'mabakiteriya komanso osati mabakiteriya. Mankhwala oledzeretsa ndi matenda oopsa ndi mabakiteriya. Kupha poizoni ndi nitrates, mankhwala, bowa ndi zinthu zina zoopsa sizitengera mabakiteriya. Mavitamini ambiri a matendawa ndi salmonella, omwe amapezeka mu nyama, mazira, mkaka wobiriwira ndi mkaka. Matendawa makamaka amayamba kutentha ndi kutentha. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimawonetseredwa kwa maola 12, koma nthawi yosakaniza imatha masiku awiri. Makhalidwe akuwonjezeka kutentha kufika 38-40 ° C, munthuyo akung'ung'udza, kumapweteka mu dera la epigastric, kunyoza ndi kusanza. Pambuyo pake, kutsegula m'mimba ndi kutaya thupi kwa thupi kumaonekera. Matenda ochepa amatha mlungu umodzi, mawonekedwe olemera amafunikira chithandizo chokwanira. Ngati chiwopsezo chimachitika ndi mwana wamng'ono, m'pofunika kuti musonyeze dokotalayo mwamsanga.
Poizoni ndi poizoni ya botulinum, yomwe imabweretsa chakudya, amatchedwa botulism. Zimayambitsa anaerobic, amene mlingo wake wochepa kwambiri umapha anthu. Kuthamanga kwa botulism sikungatheke ngakhale atatentha nthawi yaitali mankhwalawa. Matendawa amayamba ngati poizoni poizoni ndi kusanza, kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Ndondomeko ya manjenje imakhudzidwa, ndiye zizindikiro zosasangalatsa za dongosolo la manjenje zimawonekera. Zimayambitsa ziwalo za kupuma, matendawa amachititsa zotsatira zowonongeka kuchotsa kufooka. Nthaŵi zambiri, poizoni wa botulinamu amapezeka mu nyama zamitundu ina zam'chitini ndi nsomba, komanso mu bowa zamchere. Zakudya zam'chitini zamkati siziyenera kusindikizidwa bwino, koma zisungidwe pansi pa chivindikiro cha pulasitiki. Chifukwa anaerob sichikhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
Poizoni wa staphylococcal amayamba chifukwa cha mkaka, zakudya za mkaka, zakudya za nyama, mikate ndi mikate. Kusiyanitsa mankhwala omwe ali ndi poizoni staphylococcus maonekedwe sizosatheka. Matendawa ali ndi nthawi yaying'ono yopumula - mpaka maola awiri. Zizindikiro za matenda ndikumva kupweteka m'mimba ndi kusanza, kufooka ndi kugwa pansi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opweteka m'mimba, monga kamwazi, ndi mabakiteriya a E. coli. Kuchotsa chakupha chakudya ndi E. coli kungakhale kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa nyama yaiwisi kapena yopanda mphamvu, masamba osatsuka osatulutsidwa, ndi mkaka wosasamalidwa. Zizindikiro za kamwazi zingathe kutsegula m'mimba, kutaya madzi, kutaya kwa impso. Ngati simutenga zofunikira pa nthawi, zotsatira zowopsya ndizotheka.
Zowopsa kwambiri ndi poizoni wa zakudya, zomwe zimapezeka makamaka mopanda malire - listeriosis. Mabakiteriya omwe amakondweretsa matendawa, nthawi zambiri amakhala mu pates, nsomba, zopangidwa ndi theka la nyama, ndi tchizi.
Zomera monga saladi, katsabola, sipinachi, cilantro, anyezi wobiriwira, komanso beets ndi radish, kuwonjezera nitrates kwambiri. Makaka ndi kabichi woyera, zukini, dzungu, kaloti, zowonongeka, nkhaka, parsnips zimapezera nitrates pang'ono. Zipatso ndi zipatso, anyezi, tomato, mbatata, nyemba, sorelo, nandolo, ziphuphu za Brussels zili ndi mphamvu zochepa zowonjezera zinthu zovulaza.
Zakudya za nitrates zimachepa ndi kusasitsa kwa masamba, komanso panthawi ya chithandizo cha kutentha ndi kusungidwa. Mankhwala oopsa omwe amakhala ndi nitrates ambiri amachititsa kuti m'mimba azikhala m'mimba, m'mitsempha ya mtima komanso pakatikati. Zizindikiro za poyizoni ndizobwezera, kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Zitha kuoneka m'maola 1-6 kuchokera pakudya chakudya chokhala ndi nitrate. Chiwindi chimakula, chimapweteka ndi kupanikizika, kuponderezedwa, kugunda kwa mtima kumaphwanyidwa, kupuma kumafala, manja ndi mapazi ndi ozizira. Wodwalayo amamva mutu, phokoso m'makutu, kufooka, kugona ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Komanso kupweteka kwa minofu ya nkhope, kutaya chidziwitso, panthawi zovuta - nthenda zimatha. Pambuyo pa kuchotsedwa kwa zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito chapamimba kusamba, nkofunika kuti mutenge mabala, mwachitsanzo, osokoneza mafuta (piritsi limodzi pa 10 kg wolemera), thumba la smectites. Mankhwalawa akulimbikitsidwa kutengedwa katatu patsiku. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito Enterosgel mofanana ndi zomwe tafotokozera. Kuchokera ku mkaka wamakono, odzola, maapulo ophika, marmalade, kumenyedwa koyera yaiwisi yoyera. Ngati mulibe mankhwala oyenerera, tengani mankhwala a chamomile kapena masewera. Musamamwe mankhwala omwe amaletsa kutsekula m'mimba, chifukwa izi zidzawongolera kuledzeretsa kwa thupi. Kuti asalole kutaya madzi m'thupi, osamwa mowa kwambiri sangachite. Kupereka chithandizo choyamba cha poizoni wa chakudya, njira yowonjezera ya saline, unsweetened madzi odzola, kuwonjezera pa zipatso zouma popanda shuga, msuzi msuzi ndi abwino. Komanso apadera njira zomwe zimagulitsidwa mankhwala, mwachitsanzo - rehydron.