Kuchokera kugwiritsa ntchito kuvulaza - sitepe imodzi
Mpaka zaka za m'ma 1900, matenda opatsirana ndiwo amachititsa imfa. Masiku ano n'zovuta kuganiza kuti chimfine wamba chimatha kupha anthu mamiliyoni ambiri. Komabe, izi ndizochitikadi: wotchuka wotchedwa "Spaniard" wa 1918-1919 anapha, malingaliro osiyanasiyana, anthu 50-100 miliyoni, kapena 2.7-5.3% a anthu padziko lapansi. Kenaka, anthu pafupifupi 550 miliyoni adatenga kachirombo ka HIV - 29.5% a anthu padziko lapansi. Kuchokera mu miyezi yotsiriza ya Nkhondo Yoyamba Yadziko lonse, a Spaniard mwamsanga anadutsa chiwerengero cha ozunzidwa mwazi waukulu kwambiri wa nthawi imeneyo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti m'mbiri yonse, anthu akhala akufunafuna njira zothetsera odwala opatsirana. Kusintha kwakukulu kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, pamene katswiri wa tizilombo wachingelezi Alexander Fleming anapeza antibiotic penicillin mu 1928. Pofika m'chaka cha 1944, magulu ndi kafukufuku a ku America atatha kupanga malonda a penicillin, kufa kwa mabakiteriya a zilonda m'magulu a nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lapansi kunachepa kwambiri.Kodi ndi zabwino zokha?
Mosakayikira, popangidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala a padziko lonse apita patsogolo kwambiri. Matenda ambiri, omwe poyamba ankawoneka kuti osachiritsika, adabwerera m'mbuyo. Zikhoza kunena kuti kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, matenda opatsirana anapha 45% ya chiwerengero cha anthu onse omwe amafa. Mu 1980, chiwerengerochi chinachepetsedwa kukhala 2%. Cholinga chachikulu pa kusintha kwakukulu kotereku kunawonetsedwa ndi kupezeka kwa maantibayotiki.Komabe, monga dokotala aliyense amadziwira, mankhwala abwino kwambiri sagwira ntchito. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mu theka lachiwiri la zaka makumi awiri, madokotala padziko lonse amapereka mankhwala a gululi kwa odwala mamiliyoni ambiri, kuphatikizapo ana, chifukwa chake lero anthu akuvutika ndi kunenepa kwambiri, shuga, matenda, mphumu ndi matenda ena akuluakulu. Zinaoneka kuti maantibayotiki, pamene akuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda oopsa, panthawi imodzimodzi amawononga kwambiri microflora mkati mwa thupi laumunthu, poyamba - kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timafunikira kuti tizilombo toyamwa bwino.
Kodi chiopseza dysbiosis?
Kumalowetsa m'mimba m'mimba mwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chifukwa cha kumwa maantibayotiki, kapena dysbiosis, nthawi zambiri sikuchitika tsiku limodzi - ndipo izi ndizoopsa kwambiri. Ndi ochepa omwe amatha kusonkhanitsa matenda osokoneza bongo nthawi ndi nthawi, kusokonekera kwa mankhwala ndi kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, matenda omwe amapezeka m'magulu a antibiotic amatsimikiziridwa chaka chilichonse mu 5-30% mwa odwala omwe analandira mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda! Ambiri a iwo amadandaula za kukwiya kosatha kapena kobwerezabwereza kwachitetezo, chomwe chimapezeka chifukwa cha kuphwanya metabolism ya bile acids ndi makapu m'matumbo. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo tomwe tikufunikira kuti chimbudzi chikhale chochepa. Kusintha kwa momwe thupi limapangidwira m'mimba, kumayambitsa kusagwira ntchito m'zinthu zambiri zofunika kwambiri m'thupi la munthu, makamaka chitetezo cha mthupi.
Pachifukwa ichi, munthu amene amamwa maantibayotiki, popanda chifukwa china chilichonse, ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana: dermatitis ya atopic, eczema, cystitis yowonongeka, SARS yambiri, kupwetekedwa kwadzidzidzi, kutaya kunenepa, hyperlipidemia, ndi zina. Koma mwatsoka, kuyesa kuthetsa mawonetseredwe a matendawa popanda kuthana ndi chifukwa - m'mimba dysbiosis - musabweretse zotsatira zowonjezereka. Koma mu 1993, wasayansi wina wa ku France J. Pulvertye adapanga phunziro lomwe linatsimikizira kuti: kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opha tizilombo m'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo wa munthu, mosasamala kanthu za zotsatira zina, kumapangitsa kuti matenda a asthma, atopic dermatitis ndi eczema awonjezeke maulendo 4-6!
Kodi ndizovulaza?
Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani pamene mankhwala ophera maantibayotiki ndi ofunikira moyo? Yankho lake likuwonekera bwino: ndikofunikira kuchepetsa zotsatira zoipa za antibiotic mkati mwa microflora mkati mwa thupi. Pafupi ndi pakati pa zaka makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, asayansi m'mayiko osiyanasiyana anayamba kufunafuna zinthu zomwe zikhoza "kuzungulira" thupi lathu poyambitsa ma antibiotics. Mu 1954, kwa nthawi yoyamba, mawu akuti "probiotic" (Greek "pro" -, ndi "bios" - "moyo") anaonekera koyamba, omwe adadziwika kuti kukonzekera kutetezera microflora ku chiwonongeko.Masiku ano, pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito ma antibiotic, omwe angachepetse kuvulaza kwa thupi mwa kutenga mankhwala opha tizilombo. Choncho, njira zowonjezerapo zamatenda zimateteza chitetezo cha m'mimba chifukwa chokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: bifido- ndi lactobacillus, komanso streptococci. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timakhala ndi zotsatira zowonongeka chifukwa cha kukula kwa thupi m'mimba. Komabe, makonzedwe amenewa ndi othandiza okha chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe ali ndi mavuto / mitundu ya mabakiteriya, chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya otsimikiziridwa ndi "kupulumuka" kwa mabakiteriya m'matumbo a m'mimba, mphamvu, chitetezo komanso moyo wa alumali. Pokhala ndi mwayi wosankha maantibiolo ndi kusunga malangizo a madokotala, mankhwala ochepetsa maantibayotiki adzathetsa matenda opatsirana popanda kusiya "zikumbutso" zosakondweretsa panthawiyo komanso patali.