Maganizo a nkhaŵa amadziwika kwa aliyense wa ife, osati mwakumva. Koma pali malire otani pakati pa njira yachibadwa ndi ngozi yomwe ingayambitsidwe chifukwa cha chidziwitso cha kudzipulumutsa, ndi kuzunzika kwa iweeni ndi ena pa zochitika zowonongeka? Chisangalalo, nkhawa, mantha ndi phobias ndizo zokambirana lero.
Kawirikawiri nkhawa ndi momwe zimakhalira ndi mavuto. Pankhaniyi, ndi zachilengedwe komanso zachibadwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mantha amodzi, komanso mawonetseredwe a malingaliro alionse, ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la kupulumuka. Icho chinali chirengedwe chomwecho, chinapangitsidwa mwa kusinthika. Pambuyo pake, ngati panalibe nkhawa ndi mantha, thupi silingathe kukonzekera mwamsanga mwadzidzidzi. Pakakhala kuti tilibe nthawi yopenda zonse ndikuganizira, palibe nthawi yongoganiza ndi kusanthula kwa nthawi yayitali, ntchito ya chidziwitso cha kudzipulumutsa imaphatikizidwapo. Zimathandiza thupi lathu kuti lichite zinthu zowonongeka bwino, kusintha kwa zaka masauzande, pamene zonse zalembedwera thupi, momwe mungachite, ndi pulogalamuyi imagwira ntchito mozama ("ngati mungathe kupambana, kapena kuthamanga, ngati wotsutsa ali wamphamvu").
Amawopa kuti tidzakhazikitse tokha
Komabe, zimachitika, nkhaŵa yathu imaposa mkhalidwe, momwe izi zinayambira. Ndiye chikhalidwe ichi chingatilepheretse kwambiri ndikupangitsa kuti miyoyo yathu ikhale yovuta kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, tikulankhula kale osati za nkhawa, koma za mantha. Mantha ndi zowonjezereka komanso zowona kusiyana ndi nkhawa, zomwe ndi zachibadwa. Nkhawa ingakhoze kuyerekezedwa ndi gulu la chidziwitso choyambirira, kutsogolera thupi ku malo olimbikitsa. Kulimbikitsana kotereku kudzaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa minofu, ntchito yowonjezereka ya ziwalo ndi machitidwe omwe ali ndi udindo wothandiza kuteteza thupi (mtima, mitsempha ya magazi, mapapo, ubongo, etc.). Komabe, mantha amayerekezedwa ndi chizindikiro "Chenjezo! Timayesedwa! Pulumutseni nokha, ndani angathe ... ". Nthawi zina mantha amatha kuwonongeka thupi, malingaliro ndi chifuniro cha munthu. Chomwe chimakhala chokhumudwitsa kwambiri ndi chakuti muzochitika zotero ife tokha tiri "boas" ndikugwedezeka ndi "akalulu" oopsa.
Panthawiyi, mantha, kusowa kwa zochitika zakunja, ndizozoloŵezi zoipa, zimayambitsa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi pulogalamu yoganiza mofanana ndi mapulogalamu omwe akugwiritsa ntchito pa kompyuta. M'malo mwake, ndi "kachilombo koyambitsa makompyuta", yomwe imaponyedwa pamutu ndi "ofunira zabwino", kapena "yofesedwa" kumeneko ndi kuyang'anira kwake. Munthu amabadwa wopanda mantha. Mwana wamng'ono saopa kugwira moto kapena njoka, kupunthwa, kugwa, ndi zina zotero. Kuwopa komweku kumawonekera mtsogolo, ndi zomwe zinapindulapo. Kotero ife tikuyang'ana, mmalo mokhala moyo, kusangalala ndi moyo, "kumene iwe ungapange" ndi "iwe ukanakhoza bwanji kupita." Kuchokera kwa anzanga atsopano tikudikirira chinyengo choyipa, kuchokera kwa abwenzi - chinyengo, kuchokera kwa okondedwa - kuchitira nkhanza, kuchokera ku chidzudzulo ndi kuthamangitsidwa, pa chisanu - kugwa kosapeŵeka. Izi, mwa njira, zingayambitse kugwa kwenikweni, monga minofu yowopsya ndi mantha imatsutsidwa ndikusamverwa bwino, ndipo ubongo umayesetsa kuchita khama pulogalamu yolakwika. Ngati mwafuna kuti mupeze chinachake kapena mtundu wina wa zolakwika, chifukwa chomwe mukusowa chinachake kapena wina kuti muwope, onetsetsani kuti: Mudzapeza ntchentche iyi mu mafuta odzola.
Makhalidwe Amamiliyoni
Pamene mukuwopsya, nkhawa ndi mantha zimakhala zolimba kwambiri ndipo nthawi zonse zimatchedwa phobias. Phobia (kuchokera ku Greek phobos - mantha) ndi mantha osalekeza ndi opanda nzeru a zinthu, zochita kapena zochitika. Anthu omwe ali ndi mantha amayamba mantha ngakhale poganiza za vuto kapena chinthu chowopsyeza. Kawirikawiri amamva bwino kwambiri pamene amatha kupeŵa izi ndi maganizo ake. Komabe, ambiri a anthuwa akudziwa bwino kuti mantha awo ndi osayenera komanso owonjezera.
Musaganize kuti manthawa amangoti "psychos." Aliyense wa ife ali ndi malo, zochitika kapena zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo chapadera. Izi ndi zachilendo, pamene zinthu zina zimatikhumudwitsa kwambiri kuposa ena, ndizotheka kuti zinthu zoopsa zosiyana zidzatuluka mu magawo osiyanasiyana a moyo wathu. Kuposa mantha omwe kawirikawiri amasiyana ndi phobias? Kodi, ndichitsanzo, kusiyana pakati pa mantha achilengedwe a njoka kuchokera ku phobia? Mitundu yapadziko lonse ya matenda imasonyeza kuti phobia ndi yamphamvu ndi yotsalira, ndipo chilakolako chopewa chinthu kapena vuto ndi chachikulu. Anthu omwe ali ndi phobias amadziwika kuti sangathe kulimbana nawo - mantha, mantha, mantha amawagwira. Izi zingawononge moyo waumwini kapena umoyo wa anthu awa. Mwachitsanzo, kuopa kuthawa pa ndege kapena kusamukira mumsewu wodutsa mumsewu kungapangitse moyo kukhala wovuta kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuzindikira kuti mwanjira inayake "mukulakwitsa", "osati monga wina aliyense," sikungakhalenso ndi zotsatira zabwino pazochitika za munthu amene akuvutika ndi zovuta, kuwonjezera kuzunzika kwake.
Mu psychotherapy, gulu lonse la matenda otchedwa phobic-disorder amatha kukhalapo - pamene nkhawa imayambika kokha kapena makamaka ndi zinthu zina kapena zinthu zomwe sizili pangozi panthawiyo. Zotsatira zake, izi nthawi zambiri zimapewa kapena kutengeka ndi mantha omwe angasinthe mofulumira kuchokera ku zowawa zowawa mpaka mantha. Nkhawa yaumunthu imatha kuganizira zozizwitsa za munthu aliyense, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugunda kwa mtima kapena kukhumudwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamodzi ndi mantha a imfa, kuthekera kwa kudziletsa kapena kusokonezeka. Ndipo nkhaŵa siimachepetsedwa kuchokera kumvetsetsa kuti anthu ena izi siziwoneka zoopsa kapena zoopsya. Mfundo imodzi yokha ya vuto la phobic nthawi zambiri imayambitsa nkhawa nthawi zonse.
Ngakhale kuti phobias imachepetsa kwambiri umoyo wa moyo, iwo ali wamba mdziko lathu. Malingana ndi kafukufuku waposachedwapa, anthu oposa 10 peresenti ya anthu ambiri m'mayiko ambiri akuvutika ndi phobias panthawiyi ndipo pafupifupi kotala la anthu akudwala matenda oopsa a phobic m'miyoyo yawo. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti akazi ali ndi phobias oposa awiri kuposa amuna.
Zomwe mumazikonda
M'magulu amtundu wamakono wamakono ndi chizoloŵezi chogawaniza phobias m'magulu angapo: agoraphobia, social phobias, phobias yeniyeni, mantha a mantha, matenda ovutika maganizo, ndi zina zotero.
Agoraphobia - ngati atamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Greek verbatim, amatanthawuza "mantha a malo ogulitsa." Mavuto oterowa adakumana nawo ndipo akufotokozedwa ku Ancient Greece ndi Ancient Egypt. Masiku ano mawu oti "agoraphobia" amagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira: tsopano akuphatikizapo kuopa malo osatsegula okha, komanso zochitika pafupi ndi iwo, monga kulowa mu khamulo komanso osakhoza kubwerera ku malo otetezeka (kawirikawiri kunyumba). Choncho, tsopano mawuwa akuphatikizapo zida zonse zokhudzana ndi phobias: mantha ochoka panyumbamo, kulowa m'masitolo, kukhutura, m'malo ammudzi kapena oyendetsa sitima, mabasi kapena ndege.
Nchifukwa chiyani anthu omwe amasangalala nthawi zonse, nkhawa, mantha ndi phobia, amawopa kusiya nyumba zawo popanda kuyenda ndi anthu, kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendetsa pagalimoto ndikuwoneka m'malo ochitira anthu ambiri? Kawirikawiri amawopa maonekedwe awo pa zizindikiro zina zomwe zimasokoneza (zomwe zimawopsyeza thanzi kapena moyo), monga chizunguliro ndi kumverera kosautsa, kupweteka kwa mtima, kupuma kovuta, kumverera kuponderezedwa mkati. Zowopsya zimakulirakulidwa ndi maganizo omwe sangathe kulimbana ndi maganizo oterewa ndi otukuka kapena sangathe kupeza thandizo la akatswiri pa nthawi.
Mu nthawi yamakono kwambiri ya chisangalalo, nkhawa, mantha ndi phobias, anthu kwenikweni amakhala amantha m'nyumba zawo. Iwo sangakhoze kukhala kuntchito, iwo amasiya abwenzi ndi achibale awo. Odwala omwe ali ndi agoraphobia nthawi zambiri amavutika maganizo, akukula chifukwa cha zovuta komanso zopweteka zomwe zimawopsyeza chifukwa cha mantha awo.
Kodi kuopsa kwa mantha ndi chiyani?
Anthu ambiri omwe akudwala agorbia, komanso phobias ena, amamva zoopsa komanso mwadzidzidzi kuwuka kwa mantha, kapena kuti mantha, otchedwa mantha. Monga lamulo, kuopsezedwa kumachitika kawiri pa sabata, ngakhale mavoti akachitika kangapo patsiku kapena, kamodzi kokha pachaka sizolowereka. Anthu omwe adakumanapo ndi vuto lovuta kwambiri nthawi zambiri amapempha chithandizo chamankhwala, poganiza kuti ali ndi matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima. Pachifukwa ichi, atatsimikiza kuti wodwalayo alibe matenda, adokotala amamutumiza kumudzi, akungomupatsa mpumulo, kugona, kumusangalatsa, koma izi si zokwanira kuthetsa mantha. Komanso, pali mwayi waukulu kuti kuopsa kwa mantha kukuchitika posachedwa.
Pambuyo pokhala ndi nkhawa kamodzi kowopsya, munthu nthawi zambiri amayesetsa kupeŵa, ndipo agoraphobia yake idzawonjezeka. Kutengeka kuti "mosafa" kapena "kusachititsidwa manyazi" kumapangitsa kuti maganizo ndi khalidwe likhale ndi vutoli. Munthu amalowa m'moyo wa nkhaŵa ndipo phokoso limayamba kulamulira njira ya moyo, mwachitsanzo, kukakamiza munthu kukhala pakhomo chifukwa choopa kuukira kwatsopano.
Chikhumbo chopewa zinthu zomwe mantha amatha kugonjetsa zingakakamize munthu kuti atsogolere moyo wotere, ngati kuti ziwonongeko zikuchitika tsiku lililonse ndi ola lililonse. Kuopa koopsa kugwidwa kumatchedwa mantha odikira. Kugonjetsa manthawa ndi imodzi mwa nthawi zofunikira zowononga kuopa mantha ndi agoraphobia. Pofuna kuthetsa mantha, kaya ali oopsya bwanji, kuzindikira kuti sakhala chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa, kapena kuti matenda a maganizo, ndi othandiza kwambiri. Kuwopsya kwakukulu, ndi zowawa zake zonse ndi zinthu zina, ndizowonjezera kukhudza maganizo ndi thupi, ndipo palibe amene angapewe izi. Ndipo ngakhale panthawi ya mantha oopsya zinawoneka zosasangalatsa ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwa munthu, pokhapokha, sawonetsa zoopsa zenizeni kuchipatala. Kuthamanga kwa mantha, kuphatikizapo chisangalalo, nkhawa, mantha ndi phobia, sikumayambitsa zovuta, kudziletsa nokha kapena kupusa.