Chomerachi chilibe tsinde, masambawa ndi obiriwira ndipo amawombera, akhoza kufika 30-36 masentimita m'litali ndikukula mwachindunji kuchokera ku rhizome. Aspilistra mu msinkhu akhoza kukula mpaka 80 cm.
Zomera zam'kati za aspiristra pachimake nthawi zambiri, kawirikawiri izi zimachitika pakati pa mapeto a nyengo yozizira ndi kuyamba kwa masika. Maluwa amaoneka pamtunda, amakhala ndi mtundu wofiira ndi nyenyezi. Mu chilengedwe, iwo amawotchedwa mungu ndi misomali.
Aspidistra - zomera ndizodzichepetsa, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zimakongoletsera ndi kubzala malo. Amakula mofulumira ndikukhala m'dera lonse la chidebecho, choncho anthu amachitcha kuti "achibale".
Aspidistra mkulu ( Aspidistra elatior)
Ichi ndi chomera chosatha, chomwe chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana - chowoneka, chowoneka, chochepa komanso chautali. Masambawa amachokera pa petioles yaitali, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ovunda ndi mdima wandiweyani wobiriwira. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndizokwanira ndipo zimakula mpaka 50 cm m'litali ndi 20 cm m'lifupi. Pamunsi mwa tsambali, pamtengowo, masamba ochepetsedwa amakhala oyenera. Pali mawonekedwe okongoletsera "Variegata", masamba ali ndi zachilendo zachikasu, zonona kapena zoyera. Maluwa ndi ang'onoang'ono, osawoneka bwino, ali m'mayendedwe a masamba pafupi ndi pedicel.
Kusamalira aspiristroy
Kutentha. Aspidistra ali wamkulu kwambiri pa kutentha kwabwino. M'nyengo yozizira ndi zofunika kuti apange malo ozizira, kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 15, omwe amavomereza kutentha ndi madigiri 10-12, osachepera kutentha sayenera kugwa pansipa madigiri 5. Ngati zinthu zoterezi sizingatheke, ndizofunika kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse.
Kuunikira. Aspidistra amasankha kukula mu penumbra, osati kutuluka dzuwa, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira ndi zofunika kupereka chomera ichi ndi kuyatsa bwino.
Kuthirira. Kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto aspiristre amafunikira kuthirira mobwerezabwereza, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira sizowoneka ngati mbewu imakula muzizira.
Feteleza. Kuchokera pakati pa kasupe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa autumn, chomeracho chiri ndi feteleza ndi feteleza zamadzimadzi kwa zomera za mkati mkati masabata awiri.
Kutentha kwa mpweya. Ngati sizitentha kwambiri, aspasitra imatha kutulutsa mpweya wouma. Koma pa chomera ichi ndi zofunika kuti nthawi zonse ndizitsuka nthawi zonse kapena "mvula", izi zibweretsa phindu lalikulu kwa zomera.
Kusindikiza. The aspidistra salola kulemba bwino kwambiri, choncho sayenera kuchitidwa kangapo kamodzi pazaka 3-4 m'chaka. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi chisakanizo cha nthaka yambiri, humus, peat, masamba ndi mchenga.
Kubalana. Chomeracho chimabereka kumapeto kwa nyengo panthawi yomwe amaikiranso. Ngati mukufuna, aspiristra ikhoza kufalitsidwa ndi njira yapadera ndi pepala. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudula tsamba labwino popanda petiole, pamene mukusunga minofu yambiri yomwe ili pansi pake. Pamene kagawo kouma, amafunika kuikidwa mu botolo ndi khosi lonse, wodzazidwa ndi madzi. Botolo liyenera kutsekedwa ndi chivindikiro chophimbidwa ndi pulasitiki, kuti mpweya usalowe mmenemo. Ndiye ziyenera kukhala zatsalira ndi malo ofunda mpaka maonekedwe a mizu pa odulidwa. Ngati izi zikuchitika, pepalayo ikhoza kuchotsedwa ndikubzala mu nthaka yowopsya. Ndibwino kuti tiyambe kuphimba ndi mtsuko ndikutumiza ku chipinda chosungiramo chipinda. Ngati tsamba limayamba kuvunda ndi kuwonongeka, ndipo mizu sinayambe kuonekera, ndiye mutha kudula gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa nalo pamalo obirira tsamba ndikuliikiranso mu botolo la madzi oyera.
Chomera chodzichepetsa kwambiri ndi aspiristra ndi masamba a masamba obiriwira, ndipo mitundu yokongola kwambiri ndi aspiristra ndi masamba osiyana. Koma mtundu uwu ndi wowopsa kwambiri pa chisamaliro, mwachitsanzo, amafunikira kuyatsa bwino.
Aspidistra ali ndi ubwino wotere ngati kulekerera bwino mpweya woipa. Zipinda za nyumbazi sizikufuna kwambiri chinyontho ndi nthaka. Choncho, ndi aspiristra kukula, ngakhale oyamba kumene floriculture adzatha kupirira. Komanso, duwa limeneli ndi loyenera kwa anthu omwe alibe nthawi yosamalira zomera.
Pambuyo pa kuika, aspiristra ayenera kupatsidwa chidwi chake, popeza chomera chitatha musagawike kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kudwala, ngati muzu wawonongeka.
Choncho, panthawi yopatsa, m'pofunika kumasula mwachidutswa nsalu yakale ya pansi, kuti uone kukhulupirika kwa ngakhale mizu yaing'ono. Ndiye, ndi mpeni, muyenera kusiyanitsa masamba kuti akhale ndi mizu. Ndi zofunika kugawira chomera mu magawo 5-6. Ngati chitsamba chiri ndi mapepala 6-7 okha, ndibwino kuti musalephere kuzigawa. Pambuyo poyambitsa magawano ndi kuziika, ndi bwino kuti aspisitche akhale otentha kwa kanthawi kapena kutentha.
Mankhwala a zomera aspidistra
Aspidistra amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale mankhwala owerengeka. Kutayika kuchokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana za zomera izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa urolithiasis, amenorrhea, ululu wamisala, kutsegula m'mimba, matenda a m'mimba ndi kugwidwa.