Mitengo ndi zomera zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala zobiriwira, nthawi zambiri zamasamba. Iwo akhoza kukhala amodzi kapena osatha, epiphytes kapena miyala yamwala. Malingaliro aphwima mphukira, masamba onse ndi nthawi zonse, mosiyana, mwa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Maluwa amtundu wazing'ono amapanga makutu osakanikirana. Zizindikiro ndi mungu wochokera pansi pamtunda.
Mitundu yambiri imalimidwa ngati yokongola zomera mu horticulture ndi m'nyumba zinthu. Kawirikawiri amapezekanso pamagulu a ampel, magulu okongoletsera komanso mitengo ikuluikulu ya epiphytic. Chomerachi chimakopa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba ndi maluwa. Zomaliza zimapanga inflorescences zochepa - makutu, - ofanana ndi makoswe. Mu mitundu ina, inflorescences amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a panicles; mwa ena ali ndi mawonekedwe a scallops. Maluwa amapangidwira m'masiku ochepa. Zipatso - zipatso, zimapezeka mosavuta pamene zakhudzidwa. Nthawi zina peperopia imakula mu malo ochepa monga munda wa botolo.
Malangizo osamalira
Kuunikira. Mitengo yamkati ngati kuwala kobalalika, musalole kulowera dzuwa. Ndi bwino kuyika chomera kumadzulo kapena mawindo akummawa. Mawindo omwe ali ndi chigawo chakumwera ndi oyenera kukula kwa peperomy patali kuchokera pawindo, kapena amafuna kuti pakhale kuwala kwawopseza pogwiritsa ntchito nsalu kapena mapepala omwe amatha kusintha. Onani kuti mitundu ya pepermia ndi masamba obiriwira amalekerera mthunzi wosafunika, pamene mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ikusowa kuwala kowala kwambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, nawonso, kuyatsa bwino kumafunika. Kuti muchite izi, yesani kuunikira kwina pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi a fulorosenti. Kumbukirani kuti ayenera kuyika masentimita 55-60 pamwamba pa chomera ndikugwiritsa ntchito maola 8 pa tsiku. Chilombo chimakula bwino komanso ndi kuwala kokwanira, ndiye kuwalako kumafunika maola 16 pa tsiku.
Kutentha kwa boma. Chipinda chowonetsetsa chimafuna kusamalidwa bwino kwa chaka chonse. Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, momwe akadakwanitsira kutentha ndi 20-22 ° C, kuzizira nthawi ya chaka - 18-22 ° C, osati poyerekeza ndi 16 ° C. Mbewuyi ikuwopa kwambiri drafts. Onetsetsani kutentha kwa gawo lapansi, sayenera kugwa pansi pa 17-20 ° C: mizu ya pepermia imalekerera hypothermia.
Kuthirira. M'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi m'chaka chiri kofunikira kuthirira pyperium mochuluka, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa a izi. Chonde dziwani kuti kutentha kwa madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ulimi wothirira ayenera kukhala 2-3 ° C kuposa mpweya m'chipinda. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumakhala kosavuta. Kutsekemera kwa poperomy ndi koopsa, chifukwa kumadzaza ndi mizu komanso ngakhale zimayambira. Choncho, lolani kuti earthman iume bwino pakati pa ulimi wothirira. Komabe, chomeracho sichimalekerera kuyanika: masambawo amafota, ndiyeno kugwa kwake.
Kutentha kwa mpweya. Kutentha kwa mpweya sikugwira ntchito yapadera polima pepermia. Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa kuti chiume. Komabe, chinyezi chabwino chimaonedwa kuti chiri pakati pa 50-60%. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse tizitsamba folium; M'nyengo yozizira njirayi siikufunika.
Kupaka pamwamba. Kupaka zovala zapamwamba kumachitika kawirikawiri kuposa nthawi ziwiri pa mwezi kuyambira nthawi ya masika mpaka autumn. M'nyengo yozizira, munthu ayenera kutulutsa pyperomy ndi kuvala kokongola kokongola kamodzi pamwezi.
Mapangidwe. Kuti mupange nthambi zowonongeka, ndikulimbikitsanso kuti musamaphunzirepo zowonjezereka.
Kusindikiza. Mbewu zazing'ono ziyenera kuziikidwa masika onse. Kwa zomera zoposa zaka 3, zomwe zimalimbikitsa nthawi zambiri - nbsp; Nthawi 1 m'zaka ziwiri. Mukasankha chidebe chotsitsa, tsatirani malamulo awa: mphika uyenera kukhala wosazama, ndipo upatali wake uyenera kupitirira kukula kwake kwa chinthu chimodzi chokha. Chinthu choperewera chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molekerera, mosavuta kuzimitsa madzi ndi mpweya. N'zotheka kugwiritsira ntchito zosakaniza izi: tsamba lapansi, humus, peat, mchenga molingana ndi (2-3): 1: 1: 1. Kutentha kwa nthaka kumafunika 5.5-6.5. Kumbukirani kuti pa peperomy mukufunikira madzi abwino. Kulimbidwa bwino ndi njira za hydroponics.
Kubalana. Chilengedwe ndi chomera chomwe chingathe kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu kapena vegetatively (pogawanika chitsamba, masamba ndi tsinde). Pankhani ya kufalitsa mbewu, kufesa kumachitika mu mbale. Pankhani iyi, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha pepala lapansi ndi mchenga mofanana. Ndiye mbaleyo iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi ndikuikamo galasi. Kutentha kwabwino pa siteji iyi ndi 24-25 ° C. Musanayambe kuoneka, nkofunika kusunga gawo lapansi lonyowa pochita izi kudzera mu sieve yabwino. Pakati pa tsamba labwino kapena tsamba lachiwiri, mphukira zimaikidwa m'mabokosi pamtunda wa 2x2 masentimita. Panthawi imeneyi mbande zimasowa kuunikira bwino, komabe kuwala kwa dzuwa kumayenera kupewa, kupanga mthunzi.
Kenaka amalimbitsa achinyamata achinyamata amaikidwa mu 5-8 masentimita amakhala ndi umodzi. Pankhaniyi, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo chokhala ndi pepala, peat, turf ndi mchenga, mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 1: 1. Pa zofalitsa zamasamba zodulidwa apical kapena caulis cuttings ndi 1-3 malo. Njirayi ndi yabwino kuthera nyengo yotentha. Monga gawo, peat, tsamba la humus ndi mchenga amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kulengedwa kwa miniteplike kumachepetsera mizu ya cuttings. Alimi ena amachotsa zitsamba m'madzi. Chidebe ndi cuttings chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo otentha. Pa kutentha kwa 24-25 ° C kwa rooting cuttings amatenga masabata 3-4. Mulimonsemo, kuyamwitsa ndi ofanana ndi mbewu.
Zipindazi zimatha kufalitsidwa ndi masamba. Amabzalidwa mchenga ndifupikitsa petioles. Pangani bokosi laling'ono. Pambuyo pa masabata 3-4, masamba omwe adzulidwa kale adzalowedwera miphika ya masentimita 7. Kugawanika kwa mbewu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kasupe panthawi ya kuika.
Mavuto akukula
Masamba akugwa akhoza kunena za kuphwanya ulamuliro wothirira, makamaka kuchedwa kwake. Ngati nsonga ndi m'mphepete mwa masamba zimasanduka brownish - chifukwa chake ndi cholembera kapena lakuthwa kwa kutentha.
Ngati masamba akutha ndipo ali ofewa, pali mawanga omwe amawonongeka pa iwo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti dothi ndi lamadzi kwambiri ndipo kutentha mumalowa kuli kochepa kwambiri.
Masamba makwinya ndi kuwala - chifukwa chopitirira kuwala, kusuntha chomera kuchokera pawindo.
Ngati masamba ayamba kugwa, izi zikuwonetsa chomera chozizira kwambiri.
Tizilombo: tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nematodes, mealy moth, scabies, thrips.