Oimirira a mtundu uwu wa zitsamba zofiira ndi tsinde lakuda, zimakhala ndi mizu ya mpweya. The Syngoniums ndi achibale a Philodendrons. Awa ndiwo ma liana ndi epiphytes, akukweza mitengo ikuluikulu ya zomera zazikulu zotentha, motero amayika njira yopita ku dzuwa.
Mbewu zazing'ono zimakhala ndi masamba ofanana ndi masamba. Ndili ndi zaka, amalowetsedwa ndi kupatulidwa kapena kufalitsidwa m'magulu angapo. Izi zimapangitsa syngonium kukhala chodabwitsa chomera. Young masamba amadziwika ndi kwambiri kuwala coloration. Mbali ina ya mawonekedwe awo ndi mitsempha ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, yomwe imayendera pambali mwa tsamba. Zimakhulupirira kuti syngoniums ndi zomera zosadzichepetsa. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati ampel mu miphika, potsulo, komanso ngati mipesa yomwe ikufuna kuthandizidwa, yophimbidwa ndi mositi wa sphagnum. Yotsirizirayo iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse. Amabereka ma syngoniums chifukwa cha masamba awo okongola, omwe mitundu ina imakhala ndi chingwe. Mu mapangidwe a mabotolo kapena mabotolo mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza a syngonium.
Oimira a mtunduwo.
Wingland Syngonium wendlandii (Syngonium wendlandii Schott). Dziko lake ndi Costa Rica. Iyi ndi liana yodzaza ndi masamba obiriwira a mtundu wakuda wakuda; mitsempha yayikulu pa tsamba ikhoza kuponya tinge. Poyerekeza ndi oimira ena a mtunduwo, mtunduwu uli ndi masamba atatu, osati ang'onoang'ono.
Syngonium podophyllum Schott Syngonium podophyllum (Syngonium podophyllum Schott). Amakula m'nkhalango zam'madera otentha a Mexico, Guatemala, Panama, Honduras, Costa Rica, San Salvador. Ndi liana ndi masamba a mdima wobiriwira. Masamba aang'ono ali ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana, akalewo amaimika, amagawidwa m'magulu a 5-11. Mbali yapakati ndi yokwera, yovoid, pafupifupi masentimita 10 m'lifupi ndi 30 cm yaitali. Tsamba lokhalitsa liri lalitali - 50-60 masentimita. Chivundikirocho sichiposa 10 cm m'litali. Mitundu yambiri ya syngonium imachokera ku mitundu iyi, kuphatikizapo mitundu yozungulira yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ofiira a masamba akuluakulu.
Syngonium auritum (L.) Schott). Dzina lofanana - Filodendron anatomical (Latin Phylodendron auritum hort), komanso Arnonus anatineous (Latin Arum auritum L.). Amakonda nkhalango zouma za Mexico, Jamaica ndi Haiti. Amapezanso m'mapiri pamtunda wa mamita 1000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Iyi ndi liana yomwe ili ndi nthambi yaitali, zamphamvu (2.0-2.3 cm mu makulidwe), zokhoza kupotoza mmwamba. M'kati mwa masamba, masamba amayamba. Masamba ali obiriwira ndi obiriwira. Maonekedwe a tsamba la tsamba amasiyana malinga ndi msinkhu wa tsamba. Choncho, masamba osiyana amakonzedwa pa chomera: wachinyamata - woboola, wokalamba - 3-5 -mphindi amagawidwa, m'munsi ndi zigawo ziwiri ngati makutu. Katsamba kamakhala ndi masentimita 30-40. Chigambachi chimadzafika pa 25-29 cm m'litali, kawirikawiri, chiri ndi mtundu wobiriwira, mkati mwake ndi wofiira, ndipo m'munsi muli chikasu.
Malamulo osamalira.
Kuunikira. Zomera zam'mlengalenga syngonium silingalole dzuwa lowala, zimakonda malo omwe ali ndi mthunzi wowala popanda kuwala. Amakonda mawindo a kumadzulo ndi kummawa, koma amatha kukula pazenera za kumpoto. Mitundu ya syngonium yomwe imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira amamvekanso bwino penumbra, ndipo, ngati pali dzuwa, masamba amasintha.
Kutentha kwa boma. Mtundu woyenera wa syngoniums ndi 18-24 ° C, m'nyengo yozizira - 17-18 ° C; Kawirikawiri kulekerera kutentha kosalekeza - 10 ° C.
Kuthirira. Syngonium ayenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka chaka chonse. Onetsetsani kuti nthaka nthawi zonse imakhala yonyowa. Kumbali ina, musalole kuti madzi aziphwima poto. Kuthirira ndi kofunika ngati gawo la pamwamba la gawo lapansi liuma. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi okwanira ayenera kuchepetsedwa: 1-2 masiku atatha kumapeto kwa gawo lapansi. Kwa ulimi wothirira ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira.
Kutentha kwa mpweya. Mbewu syngonium ngati chinyezi chapamwamba. Choncho, pamasiku otentha a chilimwe, chomeracho chiyenera kukonzedwa ndi madzi otentha, ndipo masamba ayenera kupukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. M'nyengo yozizira, musayikemo chomera pafupi ndi batire. Ndibwino kuti tiyike m'phila yomwe ili ndi peat wothira kapena dothi lowonjezera kuti pansi pa mphika musakhudze madzi.
Kupaka pamwamba. Kudyetsa syngoniums kumachitika mu kasupe ndi chilimwe masabata 2-3. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza zamchere zamchere ndi calcium yochepa. Musagwiritse ntchito kuvala pamwamba m'nyengo yozizira.
Kukongoletsa. Kupereka mawonekedwe okongoletsera zomera zimathandizira ndi chitoliro cha moss. Imayikidwa pakati pa mphika panthawi yopatsa, madzi akumwa, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a nthaka limabzalidwa, mbewu imagzalidwa pamenepo, kufalitsa mizu yake, kuthira pamwamba ndi nthaka, ndikuyikakamiza. Kuti apereke syngonyum mawonekedwe a bushy, mphukira zake zapical (masamba oposa 6 mpaka 7) amathyoka.
Kusindikiza. Young houseplants ayenera kuziika chaka chilichonse. Kwa akulu, ndikwanira kamodzi mu zaka 2-3. Dothi sankhani kulowerera ndi asidi pang'ono (pH 6-7). Ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka bwino zowonjezera ndi masamba, peat ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1: 0, 5. Madzi abwino ndi ofunikira.
Syngonium imakula komanso kukhala chikhalidwe cha hydroponic.
Singonium amapanga inflorescence yobiriwira, yomwe ili ndi filimu yotulutsa filimu, yomwe imateteza. Mu m'nyumba zinthu, zomera limamasula kwambiri kawirikawiri.
Kubalana. Sinognium - zomera zomwe zimabala ndi zidutswa za mphukira ndi apical cuttings. Kuthawa kumagawidwa m'magulu, ndipo aliyense ayenera kukhala ndi impso. Muzuwo ukhoza kukhala osakaniza mchenga ndi peat, mu sphagnum kapena vermiculite, mu chisakanizo cha mchenga ndi sphagnum ngakhale m'madzi, ndi pulogalamu yosasinthika ya makala opangidwira. Kutentha kwabwino kwa rooting ndi 24-26 ° C. Ndiye zomera ziyenera kufesedwa miphika 7-8 -menti imodzi, kapena magulu mu mphika umodzi, waung'ono. Kuti mukhale ndi nthambi yabwino, mphukira zazing'ono ziyenera kuchotsedwa pa pepala lachisanu ndi chimodzi.
Kusamala. Syngonium woopsa, madzi ake a mandimu amachititsa mkwiyo wa mucous nembanemba.
Zovuta za chisamaliro.
- Ngati madontho atulukira pamphuno, amasonyeza chinyezi chapamwamba. Koma simukuyenera kuchepetsa makamaka.
- Ngati mabala a bulauni amamera pamapeto ndi pamphepete mwa masamba, ndiye kuti masambawo amatsika pang'onopang'ono, zimatanthauza kuti chipinda ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri.
- Ngati masambawo atembenukira chikasu, syngonium imasowa zakudya.
- Kumbukirani kuti kutentha ndi kuchepa, zimayambira zowola.
- Tizilombo: nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhanambo (mu mpweya wouma).