Dzina la mtunduwo limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki "nerion" monga "mvula", "yaiwisi" ndipo ndi chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa mafuta oundana mumagwiritsidwe ntchito a madzi pansi. Dzina la mitunduyi liri ndi mawu akuti "olso", omwe amatanthauzira amatanthauzira kuti "odometsa", ndi "andros" - zilumba zachi Greek.
Oleander amatanthauza zomera zakupha, chifukwa muli ndi glycosides, monga oleandrin. Kuchokera kumagulu kulandira kukonzekera kwa ngodya ndi neoriolin, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mankhwala pa matenda a mtima. Maluwa a oleander ndi onunkhira kwambiri, koma wina sayenera kubweretsa fungo lawo kwa nthawi yaitali, chifukwa izi zimayambitsa mutu. Mu phytodesign izi chomera ntchito zonse monga chomera chimodzi ndi kupanga magulu a nyimbo. Kawirikawiri amakongoletsedwa ndi malo ozungulira.
Malamulo osamalira mbewu
Kuunikira. Zipinda zam'madzi zimakonda malo okongola kwambiri, okhala ndi dzuwa ndi mpweya wabwino. Ndibwino kuti muziwayika kumawindo akumwera. Pawindo la kumpoto, masamba amamasulidwa nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kupanda kuwala. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kupanga magetsi owonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi a fulorosenti. M'nyengo ya chilimwe tikulimbikitsidwa kutuluka pa veranda kapena khonde, tulukani pamalo a dzuwa ndi mpweya wabwino. Chenjerani ndi mvula pa oleander. Ngati simungathe kunyamula chomeracho panja, ndiye kuti njirayi ingasinthidwe ndi kuyendayenda nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yozizira, oleander amafunanso kuwala kowala. Onetsetsani kuti magetsi aang'ono otchedwa fluorescent: 60-70 masentimita pamwamba pa chomeracho. Ikani nawo maola 7-8 pa tsiku. M'nyengo yachisanu-yozizira, zipinda ziyeneranso kukhala mpweya wokwanira, kupewa ma drafts. Ngati nkhumba imayamba kutaya masamba, izi zimasonyeza kusowa kwa nyali. Kumbukirani kuti ngati chomeracho chikukula pang'ono, ndiye kuti chizoloŵezichi chiyenera kukhala chodziwika bwino.
Kutentha kwa boma. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, zomera zimakonda kutentha kwa mpweya pa 20-27 ° C ndi kupeza nthawi zonse mpweya watsopano. Pofika m'dzinja, kutentha kwake kumatsikira mpaka 15-18 ° C, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira amasungidwa oziziritsa (8-15 ° C), koma malo abwino. Pakatikati pa March, kutentha kwa osachepera 16 ° C kumasankhidwa.
Kuthirira. Kuyambira kasupe mpaka autumn, oleander ayenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka mwamsanga pamene pamwamba wosanjikiza dothi lauma. M'nyengo yotentha ndi bwino kuti tisiye madzi poto. Kuthirira kumachitika ndi madzi ozizira. Kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupi 2-3 ° C pamwamba pa firiji. M'nthawi yachisanu-yozizira, zomera zimalimbikitsidwa kuthirira madzi moyenera, osalola nthaka kuti imire ndizu zowola. Madzi ayenera kukhala masiku awiri patatha masiku asanu ndi awiri. Kumbukirani kuti oleanderyo amatha kuyanika pansi. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi zofunika kupopera mbewuyo ndi madzi kutentha, chifukwa mumakhala mpweya wothira masamba.
Kupaka pamwamba. Kudyetsa oleander kumalimbikitsidwa m'chaka cha chilimwe, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mchere feteleza. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana masabata 1-2. Zovala zazikulu ziyenera kuchitidwa patangotha masiku theka la ora mutatha kuthirira.
Kudulira. Kuchokera kudulira kumadalira momwe mazira obiriwira adzaphukira. Imachitika pambuyo pa maluwa, kufupikitsa nthambi pafupi theka. Izi zimapangitsa kukula msinkhu wa zaka chimodzi, pamapeto pake omwe maluwa amapangidwira. Nthambi zowonongeka zingadulidwe ndi kubzalidwa, zimakhazikika bwino. Oleanders maluwa pansi pa maluwa amaoneka ngati mphukira. Amayenera kuthyoledwa, chifukwa amalepheretsa kukula kwa impso. Ngati chomeracho sichimasintha kwa nthawi yaitali, chimayankhula pofuna kukonda kudulira, kuchepa kokwanira, kusowa zakudya ndi chinyezi. Pakuika, nthawi yabwino ndi pakati pa mapeto a May komanso kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June. Mitengo yachinyamata imachitika chaka chilichonse, kwa akuluakulu - zaka 2-3. Kuti bwino maluwa, oleander ayenera kukhala pang'ono kuchepetsedwa ndi dothi zinyalala, chifukwa pamene replanting akale mizu ndifupikitsidwa. Kusamba kwa chimanga chachikulu cha kukula kwakukulu n'kovuta. Pachifukwa ichi, ndondomeko imagwiritsiridwa ntchito m'malo mwachitsulo chakuthwa ndi zatsopano kapena kusintha. Mizu yodulidwa iyenera kukonzedwa ndi makala ophwanyika. Nthaka yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poika masamba ndi loamy, acidity ndi pafupifupi 6. Nthawi zina chisakanizo cha tsamba limodzi la magawo awiri, gawo limodzi la magawo awiri pansi ndi 1 part peat, humus, mchenga, kuwonjezera nyanga za shavings. Ndibwino kuti mupange madzi abwino.
Izi m'nyumba zamkati zimafalitsidwa vegetatively (ndi mpweya zigawo ndi cuttings) ndipo kawirikawiri ndi mbewu.
Zisamaliro: Kumbukirani kuti zomera za oleander zili ndi madzi owopsa. Samalani mukamagwira nawo ntchito komanso gwiritsani ntchito magolovesi. Sikoyenera kuyambitsa oleander ngati pali ana m'nyumba. Katemera woopsa kwambiri wa nkhuku. Mutagwira ntchito ndi chomera, musaiwale kusamba m'manja bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kukhala nthawi yayitali pafupi ndi mazira oyandama ndipo makamaka kugona usiku mu chipinda chimene chimamasula. Toxic sikuti ndi mbali yobiriwira ya zomera, koma maluwa ndi zipatso. Sungani ana kuchokera pakamwa pawo. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa oleander kumabweretsa kusanza, kupwetekedwa m'mimba, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kusokonezeka kwa mtima, chizungulire, kusuntha kwa mwana ndi kupuma. Musalole madzi oleander atenge mabala.
Zovuta za chisamaliro
Oleander - zomera zomwe, pamene pali kusowa kwa kuwala, musati pachimake, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira zimatayidwa ndi masamba. Zomera zobiriwira za akuluakulu otchedwa oleander baka ndizotheka chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala ndi zakudya, kusowa kwazing'ono komanso kuthira madzi okwanira. Amadwala matenda enaake, omwe amatchedwa khansa ya oleander.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: scutellum, chervets, nsabwe za m'masamba, akangaude.