Kupewera: mitundu.
Kuchotsa "American Perseus". M'chilatini, dzina lake ndi: Pesea gratissima Gaertn kapena Pesea americana Miil. Zomera za mitundu iyi zimafika kutalika kwa mamita 20. Masambawa ndi ovundukuka, kuchokera ponseponse, kuchokera pamwamba omwe ali mdima wandiweyani wakuda, ndi ochokera pansi pa bluish pang'ono. Masamba a masamba masentimita 10. Maluwa okondweretsa amasonkhanitsidwa ku inflorescences-panicle, iwo ndi amaluwa osiyana-siyana: manyazi ndi anthers samabuka nthawi yomweyo. Zipatso za mtundu uwu wa avokosi zimagwirizana ndi drupes. Ziri zazikulu, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 20. Mtundu wawo ndi wofiira, wobiriwira kapena wofiira. Mankhwalawa amatha kufika pa masentimita 35. Mnofu wa chipatso ndi minofu, yonyezimira, yowirira, yonyezimira-chikasu.
Mitundu ya thonjezi imakula m'madera ozizira, zomera zimapezeka pamapiri otsetsereka ngakhale kumtunda wa mamita 2400 pamwamba pa nyanja pakati pa America ndi Mexico.
Kuchetsa ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali kwambiri. Mankhwala ofewa a pepala amakhala ndi pafupifupi 30% ya batala, mavitamini ambiri, mapuloteni, shuga. Chikhalidwe chikhoza kupezeka m'mayiko okhala ndi madera otentha komanso otentha. Mitundu ya avocasi yambiri, kwambiri.
Pakati pa malo, mitundu ya Antilles, Guatemala ndi Mexican ndi yosiyana.
Mpikisano ndi antilles. Maluwa amakhala ndi maluwa kuchokera mu May mpaka June, komanso mu October ndi November. Masamba samamva fungo. Chipatso chachikulu, kufika ma magalamu 600, mawonekedwe awo amafanana ndi peyala, khungu la chipatso ndi lochepa. Zipatso, makamaka, zipsa pa miyezi 8. Iwo ali ndi phesi lalifupi kwambiri. Mitengo iyi imapezeka m'madera otentha ku Central America.
Mpikisano wa Guatemala. Mitengoyi imanunkhiranso. Chomera chimamera kumapeto kwa May mpaka m'ma June. Mu avocado a zosiyanasiyana, zipatso ndi lalikulu, awo misa kufika 600 magalamu. Malo awo ndi ovuta kwambiri. Guatemalan avocado imakula ku South Mexico ndi ku Guatemala. Muzizira zake zosagwira ntchito, chomeracho ndi chachiwiri kwa pepala la mtundu wa Mexico.
Mpikisano ndi Mexico. Mitengoyi imakhala ndi mitengo yochepa kwambiri, kutalika kwake ndi mamita 12 okha, kawirikawiri 18. Masamba, ngati atayidwa, amakhala ndi mphamvu yowakomera. Chomera chimamera kuyambira masiku otsiriza a March kufikira masiku oyambirira a June. Chipatsocho ndi khungu lachikondi, ali ndi masentimita 12 ndipo ndi masentimita asanu ndi awiri. Kulemera kwao ndiko pafupifupi 300 g.Paduncle imakhala yochepa - kuchokera pa masentimita atatu. Zipatso zimapsa m'miyezi iwiri yoyambirira ya autumn. Mankhwala a avocado a Mexican amatchedwa zomera zapansi. Amapezeka m'mapiri a pakati pa America ndi ku Mexico.
Kulepheretsa: kusiya.
Nkhokwe (zomera zokha) zimakhala zovuta kugula m'masitolo apadera, koma ikhoza kukula popanda kuphweka mafupa.
Chomeracho chimafuna kuwala konse kwa kukula kwake, koma sikuyenera kulunjika kuwala kwa dzuwa, kotero ziyenera kukhala zochepa pang'ono.
Ngati pali malo ambiri opanda ufulu, ndiye kuti chomera chidzapatsa zokongoletsera, koma sichidzaphulika. Osati m'chilengedwe mapepala a avocado pafupifupi samafalikira.
M'chaka ndi chilimwe mapepala amatha kutentha kwakukulu, ziyenera kukhala ngakhale kutentha kutentha. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwambiri kumakhala madigiri 20. Ngati kutentha kumadutsa madigiri 12, avocado akhoza kutaya masamba.
M'chaka ndi chilimwe, pamene chomera cha msuzi chimayambira nthawi, zimayenera kuthirira bwino. M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, imwani madzi pang'ono pokhapokha pamwamba pazitsulo za dziko lapansi mu mphika wouma pang'ono.
Kuchetsa ndi chomera chomwe chikusowa chinyezi. Iyenera kupopedwa kawirikawiri, makamaka nthawi ya Kutentha. Madzi sayenera kukhala ozizira. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, mungathe kuyika mphika wa avokosi pamatumba ndi miyala, kukulitsa dongo ndi mvula yonyowa. Koma pansi sayenera kufika pamadzi.
M'chaka ndi chilimwe amafunika kudyetsedwa kamodzi masabata angapo ndi organic ndi mchere feteleza. M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, pamene pali nthawi yopumula, sikofunikira kudyetsa.
Pamene chomeracho ndi chachinyamata, mapulisi ayenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse. Zomera zazikulu zimaikidwa, ndithudi, kawirikawiri. Dziko lapansi limapangidwa ndi chisakanizo cha humus, turf ndi mchenga. Dziko la sod liyenera kukhala lalikulu kawiri kuposa zigawo zina.
Zipindazi zimakula mofulumira kwambiri. Akusowa miphika yayikulu.
Kupembedza kwa m'nyumba kukonza kungakhale wamkulu kuchokera fupa, komanso vegetative budding.
Kulepheretsa: kubereka kudzera mwa mbewu.
Sankhani mbewu zatsopano basi. Ife timadzaza mphika ndi gawo lapansi lapansi, timapanga, timayika mbeu, koma pamwamba pake sichiyenera kukhala yocheperapo. Phimbani pamwamba ndi kapu ya galasi kapena thumba la pulasitiki, liyikeni mu kuwala, koma kuti palibe dzuwa lomwe likuwonekera. Sungani kutentha kwa madigiri 21, moisten gawo lapansi ndi mpweya m'chipinda.
Pamene mphukira ikuwonekera, timachotsa kapu, pamene mphukira imakula, imayenera kuwedzeredwa.
Kulepheretsa: kubalana ndi njira ya budding.
Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto (pa mbeu yazaka ziwiri ndi diso lophukira) kapena m'chilimwe (maso ogona). Zomera sizinayanjidwa ndi cuttings, chifukwa pafupifupi samazitenga mizu.
Zomera zomwe zafalitsidwa ndi mbewu zimayamba kuphuka kwa zaka 8, ndi ma grafts - 4.
Mavuto omwe angabwere.
Kawirikawiri nsonga za masamba zimasanduka bulauni, ndiye zimakhala zofiira paliponse ndikuuluka mozungulira. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mpweya wouma, choncho amafunika kutsukidwa, makamaka nthawi ya Kutentha. Chomeracho sichikhoza kukhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, choncho chiyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri komanso mochuluka.
Masamba akhoza kutembenukira chikasu ndikugwa chifukwa cha nthata zavulala.
Masamba otumbululuka, ataya mtundu. Kotero mwina chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala. Ndikofunika kusintha mlingo wa kuunikira. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chimafunikanso kubwereza.