Benign neoplasm
Kuti mafinya amtundu wa mammary azisamalire, amaphatikizapo fibroadenomas, cysts ndi abscesses. Fibroadenoma - chotupa chokhala ndi minofu yodzikongoletsera. Kawirikawiri zimakhala zopweteka, koma matendawa amatha kuchitika pamene kusungunuka kwa madzi okwanira m'matumbo. Fibroadenomas ingakhale yosakwatiwa komanso yambiri. Zili m'manja mwa minofu, zofewa ndi zotanuka kumapeto. Mphepete mwa mbuzi ikhoza kukhala imodzi kapena yambiri, yovuta kapena yofewa kukhudza; kawirikawiri zimachitika mosavuta, koma zingakhale zopweteka. Zovuta za mammary gland ndizopweteka kwambiri zomwe zimadzaza ndi pus; limodzi ndi ululu waukulu.
Khansa ya m'mawere
Matenda opweteka a m'mawere nthawi zambiri amawopsya kukhudza, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osasinthasintha ndipo amakhala osasunthika kusiyana ndi fibroadenomas. Kaŵirikaŵiri iwo alibe zopweteka. Mafinya ndi zilonda zingayambe kuonekera pakhungu. Matenda a mitsempha yamtunduwu, monga lamulo, amakula, nthawi zina pali mawanga kuchokera ku ntchentche. Mukasokoneza chifuwa kwa ziwalo zina, zizindikiro monga ululu wammbuyo, mutu, dyspnea ndi ascites zimachitika.
Matenda a Benign
Kukula kwa fibretenoma ya mammary kungapangidwe ndi mahomoni. Nthawi zambiri zimakhalapo m'mabambo omwe sizimakhalapo, komanso chifukwa cha kuphwanya kwa msambo. Mankhwala opatsirana m'mimba nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi matenda ndi bakiteriya Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus).
Khansa ya m'mawere
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi kansa ya m'mawere ndizo: choloŵa choloŵa cholowa. Amakhulupirira kuti mu 10% ya milandu, khansa ya m'mawere imayambitsa majini. Mwachitsanzo, panopa, zikudziwika kuti jini 1 ya BRCA imapereka 30 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mawere kwa amayi oposa 45; Matenda apakati a khansa yapachiyambi ya mazira ambiri, chiberekero kapena matumbo a mammary; kumayambiriro kwa msambo; mimba yoyamba yomwe ili ndi zaka 35; kutenga mankhwala opatsirana pogonana - limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa chiwopsezo, chomwe chimachepetsanso pambuyo pa kutha kwa kuvomereza kwawo; (hormone substitution therapy (HRT) (kuikidwa kwa estrogens pambuyo pa kusamba kwa mimba) kwa zaka zoposa 10 - kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere ndi 50%; kuchepa kwambiri kwa amayi pa nthawi ya kusamba; Kusuta kwa zaka zoposa 30; Thandizo la ma ARV chifukwa cha matenda a Hodgkin - amayiwa ali pachiopsezo chachikulu.
Benign neoplasm
Fibroadenomas ndizofala kwambiri kwa atsikana ndi atsikana osakwana zaka 30. Zilonda za mammary zimakhala zofanana kwambiri kwa akazi a zaka 40 mpaka 50. Mazimayi ambiri amapezeka m'mawere akuyamwitsa.
Khansa ya m'mawere
Khansara ya pachifuwa imakhala yoyamba m'thupi la amayi. Sikochepa kwa atsikana, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zikukula pang'onopang'ono. Ngati mayi ali ndi chifuwa chilichonse cha bere, kufufuza koyenera ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe momwe zinthu zilili. Ndondomekoyi ikuphatikizapo ultrasound, mammography ndi aspiration chiwopsezo, momwe sampangidwe kakang'ono ka chotupacho ndichitsulo pogwiritsira ntchito singano yapadera kwa kufufuza kosawerengeka kotsatira.
Nsonga za m'mawere
Madzi amadzimadzi omwe amafufuziridwa kuchokera ku chiguduli amayang'aniranso pogwiritsa ntchito microscope. Chidziwitso chochita opaleshoni chingakhale chofunikira kuti chidziwitso chotsimikizirika chidziwike.
Kuwunika
Mammography akhoza kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere kumayambiriro, ndi chotupa chachikulu cha 1 mm m'mimba mwake, isanayambe kuika palpation (kuyambira 1 masentimita awiri). Mamemography ndi yophunzitsa kwambiri kwa amayi achikulire omwe ali ndi minofu yochepa ya minofu. Mamemography akulimbikitsidwa kwa amayi onse oposa zaka 40 kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri. Odwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira za matendawa ayenera kupitilizidwanso. Ndi mbiri yolemetsa ya banja ya khansa ya m'mawere, mammography ingalembedwe zaka 40 zisanafike. Malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha chotupacho, mankhwala opaleshoni, ma radiation kapena chemotherapy amalembedwa. Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala:
- Fibroadenoma
Ngati chotupa chikuwonjezeka kukula kapena chimayambitsa nkhawa, icho chikuchotsedwa opaleshoni.
- Zithunzi
Nthawi zambiri amatha kutaya nthawi. Pogwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa opaleshoni kumatheka.
- Zovuta
Nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito maantibayotiki, monga mndandanda wa penicillin, koma nthawi zambiri kumafuna kutsegula ndi kusamba kwa abscess. Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupacho, komanso kuteteza kubwezeretsedwa ndi metastasis. Ngati chotupacho chimadalira estrogen, ndizofunika kwambiri kuti mlingo wa estrojeni umachepetsedwa ndi mankhwala kapena opaleshoni.
Chithandizo cha opaleshoni
Zosankha zothandizira opaleshoni zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa mimba, kuchotsa pang'onopang'ono kapena kumaliza kwa mammary gland (mastectomy). Komanso, maseŵera a mitsempha yambiri amachititsa chidwi kuti asatetezeke m'matumbo. Ovarian removal (oophorectomy) akulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa kupanga estrogen.
Mayeza ndi mankhwala
Mankhwala othandizira odwala amapezeka tsopano omwe amapereka nthawi yochulukitsa; Mwachitsanzo, chemotherapy ndi cyclophosphamide, methotrexate ndi 5-fluorouracil amachepetsa kufa kwa amayi oyambirira ndi 25%. Pafupipafupi pafupifupi asanu ndi asanu fibretenoma imatheratu popanda kuchiritsidwa, ndipo nthawi zina zimapitiriza kukula. Mitundu yambiri yamagetsi imakhala yosasinthika asanayambe kusamba, komwe nthawi zambiri amasungidwa. Pafupifupi 1 peresenti 10 potsata pambuyo pakutha, ndipo 50% ya milandu ndi kamodzi kamodzi kenako ikuwonjezereka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa ya m'mawere. Kupititsa patsogolo njira zamankhwala m'zaka zaposachedwapa kungachepetse kwambiri kufa kwa khansa ya m'mawere. Kuyamba koyambirira kwa chithandizo ndi kofunika kwambiri, popeza kuti zochepazo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, zimakhala zovomerezeka kwambiri kwa wodwalayo. Amayi omwe ali ndi ziphuphu zosachepera 2 cm amakhala ndi zaka zisanu, kuyambira 2 mpaka 5 cm mpaka 60%.