Berezkin: kufotokoza.
Mphukira imatha kufika mamita asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Masamba a chomera ndi osavuta, mosiyana, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a oval ndi petioles. Masamba nthawi zambiri amakhala obiriwira. Maluwa a nkhwangwa ndi mamita 4-5, okwatirana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, mu zosavuta kapena zovuta zojambula zojambula, osakhala paokha. Zipatso za chomeracho ndi zokongola kwambiri: mabokosi okongoletsera okwana 4-5-okongoletsera ndi ojambula mu pinki. Mbewu imapangidwa ndi aryllus yowala (ndiko, sapling).
Ambiri mwa euonymus ndi owopsa.
Ku Russia, limakula pafupifupi mitundu 20 ya ziboda. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ndi yodulidwa ku Ulaya ndi yolembera, popeza ndi zomera za gutta-perchahenic - gutta percha imapezeka mizu yawo ndi makungwa. Mitundu imeneyi imakula makamaka ku Ulaya.
Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri mu mankhwala ochiritsira. Monga mankhwala ofiira, makungwa, masamba, nthambi ndi mbewu za zomera zomwe zili ndi anthemine, antimicrobial, diuretic, expectorant, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, antiparasitic ndi mankhwala ophera madzi.
Zipangizozi ndizodzichepetsa, komanso zimakhala zosalala. Iwo ali oyenera kupuma bwino, osalowerera ndi dothi. Kuwonjezera apo, zomera zimalola kulekerera ndi kudulira bwino ndipo zikhoza kusungidwa m'midzi. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku nthawi zambiri amalima m'mapaki ndi minda ngati zitsamba zokongola. Ndi chithandizo chawo, malo obiriwira amabzalidwa, mwachitsanzo, makonzedwe ndi malo owonetsera. Mitundu ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba floriculture. Kuthandizira kanyumba kumagwirizana ndi hibiscus, pittosporum ndi fatshedere.
Zomera sizimakula chifukwa cha kukongola kwa maluwa, koma chifukwa cha korona wokongola, monga momwe zomera sizimafalikira ndi kulima. Kukongola kwa korona kumadalira chisamaliro choyenera. Ngati chisamaliro chili chokwanira, korona akhoza kukhala wandiweyani komanso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa.
Ma sporelets ali ndi masamba osiyana siyana amapezeka nthawi zambiri. Masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomerawa ali ndi zikhomo ndi maluwa a golide wachikasu kapena oyera.
Kusamalira mbewu.
Chodziwika kwambiri chifukwa chokula m'magulu a chipinda ndi mtundu wina wazitsulo zokhala ndi zitsulo - Japan spindle. Izi makamaka chifukwa chakuti mitundu ina m'nyengo yozizira imafuna kutentha kwenikweni, komwe sikutheka kupezeka pakhomo. Kuonjezera apo, masamba osungunuka ndi okwera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzipeza mu chipinda. Chomeracho chimafunikanso kuwala kwambiri nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zimamvekedwa mosavuta: mu zochitika zakutchire zimamera kumene kulibe kutentha, koma kuwala kochuluka.
Nkhwangwa ya ku Japan ndi zomera zomwe zimatha kukongoletsa munda wanu kapena khonde m'chilimwe. Komanso, iye ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri.
Mphukira yachitsulo imakonda kuwala kwakukulu. Sakhalanso ndi mantha a dzuwa, koma ndizing'ono. Nkhopezi zimapangitsa kuti penumra ikhale yopanda phindu, koma masamba amtundu wa mitundu ina akhoza kutembenukira chikasu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kuwala.
Chomeracho chimakhala chozizira kwambiri, choncho ndibwino kuti muzipinda m'chipinda chozizira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya osapitirira 25 ° C m'nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, kusinthanitsa (komanso zomera zina kuchokera kumtunda) kumakhala kutentha kwa 6-8 ° C. Nthawi zambiri, mpaka 12 ° C. Pa kutentha kwakukulu, masamba a zomera akhoza kugwa.
M'chaka ndi chilimwe, nyumbazi zimathirira madzi ochulukirapo monga chapamwamba chapamwamba cha dziko lapansi. Zima ndi yophukira ziyenera kuthiridwa moyenera. Ngati chipinda chimakhala chozizira kwambiri, chiyenera kuthiriridwa ndi chisamaliro chachikulu. Nthaka simungakhoze kukhala madzi. Madzi okwanira ayenera kuthiridwe.
Kutsekemera sikofunikira kwa chinyezi, koma kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse kumamuchitira zabwino. Fukani chomera chotsatira ndi madzi owiritsa, mwinamwake tsamba lachitsulo limakhala loipitsidwa mwamsanga chifukwa cha kuchepetsa nthenda yambiri yamchere. Kutayira ayenera kukhala zitsanzo zazikulu, zing'onozing'ono zingatsukidwe pansi pa osamba.
Pa nthawi yopatsa mbeu m'pofunika kuyeretsa tsinde kuchoka kapena kufooka mphukira, kudula. Kuti mukhale ndi nthambi zabwino m'chaka, muyenera kutsina mphukira.
Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kukula ndi mitengo ikuluikulu kapena kupanga mtengo wopondaponda. Kupeza korona wandiweyani ndi wodabwitsa kumatheka ndi kuthandizidwa ndi kudulira panthawi yake komanso kolondola - izi zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mphukira komanso kupanga mapulogalamu aang'ono. Inu mukhoza kupanga mwamtheradi korona aliyense. Mutha kuchoka nthambi zonse zamagulu pamtambo, kuphatikizapo pansi pamtengo. Ndipo mukhoza kupereka chomera mawonekedwe a sitampu, ndiko kuti, chotsani nthambi zotsikazo. Mtengo ukafika pamtunda wina, mukhoza kupanga kudulira kawirikawiri - izi zimapangitsa korona ya mawonekedwe ake kukhala ozungulira. Mukhoza kupereka mtengo wa ellipse kapena cone - izo zimadalira maluso anu ndi zikhumbo zanu.
Mbewu zazing'ono zimaikidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo akulu ndi zaka ziwiri kapena zinayi zilizonse.
Kusakaniza kwa humus lapansi (1 ora), nthaka (2 hours), masamba (1 ora) ndi mchenga (1 ola) ndibwino kuti burashi ya spindle. Mchenga wosakaniza (1 h), mtedza (3 h) ndi peat (0.5 h) ndibwino.
Nthonjezi zimamera ndi masamba obiriwira, mbewu, komanso pogawanitsa chitsamba.
Musanayambe kubzala mbewu, ayenera kuyamba kukonza miyezi 3-4 kutentha kwa 2-3 ° C, mpaka mchenga wamphamvu sudzaphulika mu 70-80%. Kenaka mbewuzo zimafunika kutsukidwa kuchokera ku nyemba ndi toch mu gawo la magawo theka la potassium permanganate. Sungani mbewuzo mchenga wochuluka wa calcined kapena wothira wofooka-wathyoka sphagnum (1: 2). Mbewu imafesedwa mu chisakanizo cha humus lapansi (maola awiri), nthaka yamapiko (maola anayi), nthaka yoyenda (1 ora) ndi mchenga (ora limodzi).
Green cuttings kwa kubereka bwino kudula mu June kapena July ndi zotanuka achinyamata mphukira. Tsindelo liyenera kukhala la masentimita 4-6 ndipo likhale loyamba. Muzule mchenga mu njira yotsatirayi: tsitsani mchenga mumtsuko (maola anayi), malo apamwamba chisakanizo kuchokera ku mtedza (1 ora), tsamba lapansi (2 h), humus (1 h) ndi mchenga (0,5 h .). Cuttings zidzakhazikika miyezi iwiri ndi hafu kwa miyezi iwiri.
Zosatheka zovuta
Ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri, masamba a tsinde akhoza kutha, m'mphepete mwawo akhoza kupota, ndipo nsongazo zimatha.
Ngati dothi liri ndi madzi, tsamba lachitsamba lingathe kutaya masamba ndikusiya kukula.
Chomeracho chimabzala masamba m'nyengo yozizira ndi kutsika kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha kwakukulu.
Zowopsya kwa nsonga zimatulutsa tizirombo ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Mmerawo ukhoza kuonongeka chifukwa cha matenda a fungal.