Zolemba zazing'ono sizidziwika bwino ndipo zimapezeka mwangozi pachivundikiro cha ana omwe adafa ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kupanga ana oterewa.
Chifukwa cha imfa ya esophageal stenosis ndi kuphwanya kupuma kwa matumbo oyambirira m'mimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zowonjezereka za mitsempha (hypertrophy muscle layer, maonekedwe a mucous membrane, zotengera zopangidwa modabwitsa, ndi zina zotero).
Malphologically, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ubongo wodwalayo wa mimba: circular, hypertrophic, membranous (chifukwa cha thickening ya atypically malo membranous nembanemba). Mtundu wozungulirawu umayamba chifukwa chophatikizidwa ndi mphete yamagetsi kapena yamagetsi pamapangidwe a embryonic, hypertrophic - amapangidwa chifukwa cha hypertrophy ya minofu yosanjikiza ya gawo lina la mimba, membranous - chifukwa cha mapangidwe a mucous membrane, omwe amachepetsanso kuwala kwa chiwindi. Mtundu wotsiriza wa mimba ya m'mimba, yomwe chifukwa cha makulidwe ake imalowa mu lumen ya mimba.
Mphuno ya congenital ya mthempha imapezeka nthawi zambiri pakati kapena pansi pake, kamodzi kawiri kawiri.
Zizindikiro za kuchipatala
Zizindikiro za kuchipatala zimayambitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kwa mimba, morphology yake ndi msinkhu wake. Ana ochepa kwambiri omwe amalandira chakudya chamadzimadzi ndi madzi, zizindikiro siziwonekera bwino, nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa. Ndi mawu otchulidwa kwambiri a stenosis, chozizwitsa chimodzimodzi monga momwe chimagwirira nyamakazi chimapezeka. Pomwe mwanayo akusamutsidwa kupita ku chakudya chambiri, zizindikiro zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri.
Zizindikiro zapachiyambi ndizomwe zimachitika dysphagia ndi kubwezeretsa nthawi kapena nthawi yomweyo. Pa 33% ya matenda a stenosis a ana a miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya moyo, pali vuto la kupuma m'kudyetsa, kusanza ndi kubwezeretsedwa. Mwana wodyetsa akukhala wosasamala, akuponya mutu wake. Kwa ana oposa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kusokonezeka kumawoneka nthawi zina. Vomit ili ndi chakudya chosasintha, ntchentche ndi saliva popanda phokoso la acidc ya chapamimba mkati mwake. Kubwezeretsedwa ndi kukula kwa msinkhu kumakhala kosavuta komanso kosalekeza, popeza mphamvu yowonongeka yapamwamba pamtunda, imatha kuchepetsa vuto la chakudya kudzera mu gawo lochepa. Pakapita kanthawi, mphamvu yamisala yatha, chiwonongeko chimalowa mkati, chomwe chimawombera mosalekeza. Makoma a pamphuno pamwamba pa stenosis amalephera kusungunuka, amasungunuka, amapanga zowonjezereka. Chigawo choyambirira cha m'mimba chimaonetsa kupweteka kwa trachea, komwe kumayambitsa dyspnea, stridor, cyanosis, kukhwima. Kuwonjezera pa kukula kwa chithunzithunzi, chakudya chikhoza kukhala chokhumba ndipo chimachititsa kuti chikoka cha chibayo chitulukidwe. Kuonjezera apo, chakudya chochulukira chimawonongeka ku bakiteriya; kuchokera pakamwa pali fungo losasangalatsa, lovunda.
Pakhoza kukhala zovuta zowonongeka kwa mthempha, yomwe imapezeka chifukwa cha "kukwapula" chakudya chokwanira mu gawo lotchedwa stenosed.
Kusiyana kwa maselo ndi maseŵera a sophageal stenosis sikumaphatikizapo ndi kusanza. Zosokoneza zomwe zimapezeka m'deralo zimayambira nthawi yomwe mwanayo akukula (osati kale kuposa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi), kawirikawiri ndi dysphagia, ndiyeno ndi zizindikiro zina zotchulidwa pamwambapa. Pa zizindikiro zowonongeka za zomwe zakhala zikusowa za chitukuko cha mimba, ziyenera kuzindikiranso kuti chifuwa cha kutukuka kwa thupi, kutengeka, hypokinesia (odwala amayesa kusuntha), kuchepa kwa magazi.
Mankhwala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala ayenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti akudziwika bwino kuti adziwe kuti malowa ndi otani. Pambuyo poyezetsa magazi, wodwalayo amatsukidwa ndi kuchotsa chakudya ndi zotsalira zamkati. Ndibwino kuti azitha kufufuza bwinobwino pa malo osakanikirana a wodwalayo ndi kumadzaza kwambiri. Phunziroli ndilo lalitali - mpaka zinthu zosiyana zimalowa m'mimba ndipo chimbudzi chimachotsedwa. X-ray ikuwonekera momveka bwino kuti chimbudzi chikuchepa.
Mapuloteni otchedwa eposcopy a odwala amakhala ndi mtengo wapatali wothandizira. Zojambulajambula zamakono zimayambitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu oyambirira.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala mwamsanga. Ndi stenoses ya digiri yaing'ono, mankhwala amayamba ndi bougie ndi mabotolo otsekedwa amalowetsedwa kupyolera pakamwa. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, magwiritsidwe ntchito apadera akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa chithandizo, buzhirovaniobolnoy ayenera kulandira madzi ndi theka-chakudya chamadzi. Ngati maphunziro atatuwa sakanakhala othandiza, ndiye kuti opaleshoni imagwira ntchito.
Kukula!