Pa zaka zilizonse, mawonetseredwe aakulu a ziphuphu amaphatikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa kudzidalira, kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa maganizo ndi kuwonongera umoyo wa moyo. Makamaka ndi owopsa paunyamata. Koma, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa dermatosis iyi, ndi 20 peresenti ya anthu omwe amapita kwa akatswiri kuti athandizidwe, ena onse amadalira mphamvu zawo ndi chidziwitso, ndipo nthawi zambiri amataya nkhondoyi motsutsana ndi ziphuphu.
Chodabwitsa kwambiri, koma mawu akuti "acne" mu Greek amatanthauza "maluwa". Mwinamwake, olemba akale anali kuganizira kuti munthu "akuphuka," ngati duwa. Koma mawuwo anakonzedwa.
Choncho, acne (kapena acne) ndi matenda aakulu omwe amatha kupweteka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavitamini, omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito yawo pochita chidwi ndi ma androgens (mahomoni ogonana, omwe nthawi zina amawatcha amuna, koma mumatumbo omwe amawatulutsa). Komanso, maonekedwe a ziphuphu zimalimbikitsidwa ndi maselo osaphatikizana a maselo a mitsempha ndi kuyankhidwa kotupa kwa ziphuphu. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kupangidwanso kwa acne ndi kateatinization kwambiri mkati mwa pores. Kuchokera ku mafuta ndi ma keratinini maselo ali ndi mapulagi, amaletsa mafuta kunja. Nthendayi imapezeka pa khungu ndi maonekedwe a zinthu zosapsa ndi zotupa.
Ndipo tsopano tikuyang'ana ku mafunso okhudza acne ndi acne.
Kodi acne ndi kuti amachokera kuti? N'chifukwa chiyani dzulo linali khungu loyera, ndipo lero ndi vuto?
Inde, monga kusintha kulikonse kwa thanzi, kusintha kwa khungu sikuli kanthu ka tsiku limodzi. Kawirikawiri zizindikiro zoyamba za achule zikukwera paunyamata, pamene ziphuphu, zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ziwalo zamkati, zimayamba kugwira ntchito mu thupi la mwanayo dzulo. Ndipo osati kwa anyamata okha, androgens amapangidwa kwa atsikana. Androgens zimakhudza ntchito ya mapulotechete a tsitsi, owonjezera ntchito zawo, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa sebum. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa sebum, mapulaneti a glands amatha kutambasula, amawonjezera poresti a khungu, omwe, amabisa makedoni (dzina lotchuka - madontho wakuda). Ma comedones ali otseguka - madontho wamba akuda, ndipo amatsekedwa - mitu yoyera, milimu (dzina lotchuka - njuchi). Mitsempha yonse yotseguka ndi yotsekedwa siyimenenso kutentha kwa ziphuphu, zomwe achinyamata ambiri komanso akuluakulu samaganiza kuti ndizovuta. Koma bwanji anthu ena ali ndi khungu loyera, pamene ena ali ndi ziphuphu zonse. Zimadalira kuchuluka kwa androgens zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi thupi, komanso kumakhudzidwa ndi khungu lokha. Mu anthu awiri osiyana, androgen amatha kumasulidwa (osakwezedwa), koma kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi khungu lomwe limakhudza kwambiri androgens ndipo adzakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vuto ili. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa akazi.
Kodi mungachotse bwanji acne?
Popeza pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangidwira kupanga ma acne, kulimbana ndi vutoli liyenera kukhala lovuta. Koma chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha khungu. Zotere:
- Kuchotsa maselo ochulukitsa ochulukirapo pakhungu panthawiyi - izi zidzalola kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali mwachangu mu mitsempha yamtunduwu ndikuthandizira kupeza mpweya kwa khungu. Mabakiteriya amakhala omasuka kwambiri mu zinthu zomwe alibe oxygen.
- Pezani kupanga sebum. Paunyamata, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri - kuwonjezereka kwa mankhwala m'thupi, anyamata ndi abambo, ndi zaka zambiri. Koma pakakhala zovuta kwambiri zamatenda, cosmetologist imatha kupatsa mankhwala (omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kunja kapena mkati) omwe amachepetsa kupanga sebum - izi zidzasintha khungu la khungu.
- Onetsetsani mankhwala othana ndi kutupa (pakakhala vuto lalikulu la acne ndi yotentha kapena conglobate acne) kukhudza zomera za bakiteriya.
- Tengani njira zochepetsera zotsatira zoipa za acne (resorption ya scarring ndi scarring, kuunika kwa mabala a pigment, kukonza kukula kwa pore) ndi kupewa maonekedwe atsopano.
- Kuchulukitsa chitetezo cha khungu ndi thupi lonse.
Nchifukwa chiyani simungathe kutulutsa makola anu? Ndipo ngati mutayambitsa malowa ndi mowa?
Ndi bwino kuchita popanda zochita zokha komanso kuti musatenge mwayi. Chifukwa chake ndi chophweka ndi chowoneka: khungu la munthu ndilo lokha la moyo, sizingatheke kusintha ngati zovala, ndizosatheka kudzibisa nokha kwenikweni komanso kwa nthawi yaitali. Choncho, njira yabwino kwambiri ndikusamaliratu, ndipo ngati chithunzithunzi cha mphuno, kumangokhalira kukonzanso vutoli kumapangidwanso. Mnyamata aliyense amadziwa kufalitsa ziphuphu pokhapokha, koma palibe amene amadziwa momwe angachitire molondola komanso pamene izi sizingatheke konse, chifukwa, poyamba, ndizoopsa kwambiri za kachilombo, ndipo kachiwiri, ndizosavuta (kutanthauza zosayenera) kutulutsa ma acne, mwayi wotenga zikopa ndi zotsatira zina zosasangalatsa. Ndipo chachitatu (ndipo ichi ndicho chinthu chachikulu), zinthu zomwe zakhala zikuyaka sizimachotsa konse, chifukwa sizili kofunikira kuti iwo achoke popanda kuthandizira okha pakapita kanthawi. Ngakhale cosmetologist, pakuyeretsa nkhope, imachotsa zokhazokha zomwe sizikhala zotentha kuti zisawonongeke. Koma, mwa lingaliro langa, chifukwa chomwe anthu akupitirizabe kuponyera ziphuphu mosalekeza, kwinakwake - zimakhulupirira kuti zimapachikidwa kunja, zimakhala ndi maonekedwe okongola, ndiko kuti, chifukwa cha extrusion ndizokhazikika pamaganizo. Ndikulengeza movomerezeka: ayi, sikungakhale bwino kwa izi - pokhapokha pali chiwopsezo chachikulu.
Mungathe kuchita popanda acne, kapena kodi ndi msonkho wotsogola?
Tiyeni titembenuzire ku ziwerengero: mtundu wina wa acne umapezeka pakati pa 65 ndi 90% mwa anthu omwe ali achinyamata komanso 30 peresenti ya anthu pambuyo pa zaka 25. Choncho, ngakhale malire a msinkhu adasinthika kwambiri pakapita nthawi, zomwe zinathandiza kuti madontho a dermatologists asalankhule za acne, koma za "zamphepete" zamkati. Koma, monga matenda alionse, acne ali ndi magawo ake (3 kapena 4 malingaliro a akatswiri osiyana), kotero musataye mtima. Sitingathe kupewa vutoli nthawi zonse. Koma mu mphamvu yathu kuyang'anira mawonetseredwe ake. Oily, vuto la vuto silili nthawi zonse.
Kodi chakudya chimasewera mbali iliyonse yamatenda?
Palibe kafukufuku wasayansi wasonyeza kuti pali kugwirizana kulikonse pakati pa kuyamba kwa ziphuphu ndi kudya zakudya zina. Anthu odwala nthendayi akhoza kudya chirichonse - chokoleti, mbatata yokazinga, mazira. Pakati pa anthu ovuta kwambiri, ziphuphu sizipezeka nthawi zambiri kusiyana ndi anthu oonda, m'malo mosiyana. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mafuta omwe amadziwika ndi munthu samadziwonetsa okha pakhungu ngati nyongolotsi. Komabe, ngati wina wokhutira kuti zakudya zina zimamupangitsa acne, ndiye bwino kupewa kudya chakudya.
Zikuwoneka kuti atsikana amakhala ovutika kwambiri kuposa anyamata. Kodi ndi choncho?
Atsikana amavutika kwambiri ndi acne, ndipo anyamata samangopeza vutoli. Kwa atsikana, chifukwa cha kusamba komanso kusinthana kwa mahomoni, mavutowa ali ndi kuchuluka kwa mwezi. Kwa anyamata, zochita za androgens nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachizoloŵezi, zofiira zosautsa zimakhala zazikulu, khungu ndi mafuta, ndi ziphuphu, m'maganizo anga, muzigawo zina zimawonekera kwambiri. Ndipo ndi anyamata angati omwe angayang'ane khungu bwinobwino? Kuchokera kwa zondichitikira zanga ndikutha kunena kuti anyamata ambiri ali ovuta kukakamiza ngakhale kusamba okha bwinobwino. Koma posachedwa anyamata ayamba kusamalira maonekedwe awo, ndicho chifukwa ngakhale cosmetologist imayendera nthawi zambiri kuposa kale.
Chimake ndi chosowa chodzola kapena chizindikiro cha mavuto ena aakulu?
Paunyamata, izi zikhoza kukhala zachizolowezi, koma patapita zaka 25 siziri zachilendo. Amakhulupirira kuti khungu ndilo chilombo cha mahomoni. Choncho, khungu lenileni silingathe "kupanga" acne - nthawi zonse amasonyeza izo kapena zina za thupi. Ngati m'zaka zaunyamata izi zikuyenera kuwonjezeka ndi kukula kwa thupi, ndiye kuti malowa angakhale osiyana, koma ambiri a iwo akugwirizana ndi mahomoni. Ngati mayi wachikulire ali ndi nthendayi ali ndi zaka zambiri, izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuswa kwa ntchito ya mazira ochuluka (mwachitsanzo, polycystosis, mwachitsanzo, pamene nambala ya mahomoni amphongo amakula nthawi zina). Mkazi wathanzi kuchokera ku maonekedwe a acne akutetezedwa ndi estrogens - mahomoni a mazira ambiri, ndi kusokonezeka kwa homeostasis mu dera la mahomoni aakazi angakhudze chikhalidwe cha khungu. Mndandanda wa acne pali chomwe chimatchedwa "acne tarda" - kumapeto kwa ziphuphu zomwe zimawoneka pa nthawi ya kusamba, zomwe zimagwirizananso ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni.