Kufotokozera.
Basil, kapena dzina lake lina, ndi chomera chaka chimodzi cha banja lachibiate. Amakhala ndi zonunkhira zamphamvu zonunkhira, zomangamanga kwambiri. Muzu uli pamwamba pa dziko lapansi komanso ngati nthambi. Zimakhala zoposa 60 cm, tetrahedral. Masambawa ndi aakulu, masentimita asanu, kutalika kwa mawonekedwe, oblong, mawonekedwe, okhwima, ndi mano ochepa pambali pawo. Mtundu wa masamba ndiwo violet-greenish, spotted. Maluwa ali pamwamba pa zimayambira mu zingwe, zoyera, zofiirira kapena pinki, zochepa. Chipatsocho ndi mtedza wakuda umodzi wolekanitsidwa utatha kucha.
Basil amakula kumwera kwa Russia, ku Caucasus, m'dera lamkati: kumalo obiriwira kapena m'mapiri otsetsereka, kumene kuli kutentha. Ndi munda wamunda. Basil wa kuthengo amakula ku Central America, Asia ndi Africa.
Kusungidwa kwa basil kumachitika nthawi ya maluwa, makamaka nyengo yotentha. Ndiye udzu womwe unasonkhanitsidwa udzukidwa mu chipinda chabwino cha mpweya wabwino kutentha kosapitirira 35 ° C, kutali ndi dzuwa. Basil amapereka maudzu awiri pachaka. Pambuyo kuyanika, mtundu wa kusonkhanitsa uyenera kukhala wachirengedwe. Zimayambira ziyenera kukhala zowopsya, ndipo masamba ndi maluwa angathe kukhala phulusa. Sungani mu chidebe chosindikizidwa.
Njira ina yosungirako ndi salting. Kuti tichite izi, udzu umafunika kutsukidwa bwino, kuduladutswa, kuikidwa mu kapu yamoto yopanda kanthu, kutsanulira zigawo za udzu ndi mchere. Mchere mu chiwerengero cha 1: 5, ndiko kuti, makapu asanu a zitsamba pa 1 supuni ya mchere. Mukasankha, basil sasiya katundu.
Kupanga.
Makhalidwe, basil samamvetsetsa bwino. Zimayambira ndi masamba a chomera ali ndi mafuta ofunikira, tannins, glycosides, saponins, vitamini ovuta - vitamini C, carotene, rutin, mchere, mchere, shuga, phytoncides. Zipatso za basil, kuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe tatchula kale, zili ndi mafuta a masamba ambiri.
Pafupifupi mankhwala onse a basil amatsimikiziridwa ndi mafuta ofunika a zomera. Mafutawa ali ndi eugenol (odoriferous substance), methylhaekol (carcinogeni wambirimbiri, komanso onunkhira), camphor (okondweretsa kwambiri mtima ndi kupuma), linalool (mankhwala ndi fungo la kakombo la chigwa), ndi ena.
Basil akuphika.
Chifukwa cha fungo losangalatsa kwambiri komanso kukoma kwake, basil amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pophika, chakudya chamakono. Pophika, basil akuwonjezeredwa ku zokometsera, sauces, soups, nyama ndi nsomba. Powonjezera masamba ouma ndi basil zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ma marinades osiyanasiyana, mowa kuti azisangalala ndi zokometsera. M'magulu a mafakitale, basil amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya zamzitini zosiyanasiyana, soseji ndi nyama.
Basil bwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zina: thyme, rosemary, timbewu, parsley. Kukoma kwa mitunduyi ndi kosiyana kwambiri: tsabola - wosakaniza ndi rosemary, lakuthwa kumaphatikizidwa mwa kusakaniza ndi thyme.
Basil imapanga mafuta ofunika komanso amodzi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zonunkhira, zakudya ndi mafakitale.
Zamalonda.
Basil ali ndi mankhwala ambiri: imachepetsa minofu ya minofu, zombo; kumachepetsa mpweya m'matumbo; kumalimbikitsa machiritso mofulumira chifukwa cha kutetezedwa ndi kuchotsedwa kwa kutupa, kumalimbitsa thupi.
Gwero la mavitamini C, P, A ndi mavitamini. Mavitaminiwa amachititsa kuti khungu, tsitsi ndi misomali zikhale bwino, kulimbitsa mitsempha ya magazi ndikupanga masomphenya.
Basil ndiwothandiza kwambiri chifukwa ili ndi camphor, yomwe ili ndi malo okondweretsa malo oponderezedwa ndi kupuma. Komanso, msasa umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda aakulu komanso opaleshoni yaikulu.
Mu mankhwala ochiritsira, mankhwala a basil apeza ntchito mu matenda a chiwopsezo cha m'mimba, kutupa kwa mkodzo, dysbiosis chifukwa chotchedwa anti-inflammatory and antitispasmodic effect.
Kulowetsedwa kwa udzu wazitsamba kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kunja - pochiza mabala, zilonda zam'mimba, poyeretsa ndi matenda a m'kamwa. Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zimakhala ndi udzu wotsamba pa khungu, ngati mungawonjezere ku kusamba.
Kuphika kaphatikizidwe ka udzu wa udzu: Mufunika kutenga supuni imodzi ya zitsamba zouma, kuthira madzi otentha (1 chikho), kuumirira theka la ora. Wopeza kulowetsedwa ndikudya chikho cha 1/3 katatu patsiku.