Amayi ambiri samakonda nthawi yokonza mbale za nsomba. Zoonadi, izi, choyamba, muyenera kuyeretsa nsomba kuchokera pamtambo wambiri, kuzizira, komanso kuteteza khungu la manja anu kuti lisagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba. Komabe, zonsezi sizodzikongoletsera za zakudya zimenezi zomwe zingapangitse kuti phindu lathu likhale lofunika kwambiri kwa thupi lathu. Kuphatikizidwa kwa mbale za nsomba mu menyu ndikofunikira kokha pofuna zakudya zabwino. Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nsomba zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri pa chakudya chathu?
Chowonadi ndi chakuti zakudya zomwe ziri mu nsomba zimapatsa chakudya chakudya chambiri chapamwamba. Mbali za nsombazi zimakhala ndi mapuloteni apamwamba kwambiri (chiwerengero chawo chimafikira 17-19% mwa minofu yambiri), ndipo mu mapulotiniwa, mwa njira yabwino kwambiri, malinga ndi zosowa za thupi lathu, ma composition a amino acid ali oyenera. Mwachitsanzo, poyerekezera ndi nyama, mu nsomba za nsomba pali amino acid kwambiri methionine. Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri cha mankhwala a nsomba ndi zochepa zogwirizana ndi minofu. Pachifukwa ichi, atatha kuchizidwa, kutentha kwa nsomba yophika kumakhala kofewa ndi kofatsa, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti kudya zakudya za nsomba kumakhala bwino m'matumbo a munthu.
Zakudya za mafuta mu nsomba zimakhala pakati pa 0,5 ndi 30%. Chizindikiro ichi chimadziwika ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, malingana ndi mitundu ya nsomba, msinkhu wawo, zakudya, nyengo. Kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba kwa anthu ophunzitsidwa bwino komanso kwa iwo omwe akufuna kutaya mapaundi owonjezera zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuti mitundu yambiri (mwachitsanzo, pollock, carp cruci, burbot, pike, pike) imakhala ndi mafuta ochepa, koma nthawi imodzi imakhala ndi mapuloteni ovuta kwambiri kwa minofu yathu. Mu mafuta ovomerezeka ali ndi nsomba ngati pinki, katsamba, bream, hering'i yamchere, nsomba za m'nyanja, mahatchi a mahatchi, sprat. Koma nsomba za nsomba zopangidwa kuchokera ku salimoni, sturgeon, halibut, sardine, stellate sturgeon, eel, mackerel kwa omwe akufuna kuchepetsa thupi, mafutawa sangakhale ovomerezeka. Ngati nambala yanu yayamba kale, kudya zakudya zochepa za nsomba zamtengo wapatali zimapindulitsa thupi lanu basi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mafuta a nsomba ndi ofunika kwambiri osatengera mafuta acids. Zinthu zimenezi zimadziwika kuti zimakhala ndi phindu la kolesterolini, zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lopanda magazi komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi m'maganizo a atherosclerosis ndi matenda oopsa. Kuwonjezera apo, mafuta omwe ali mu nsomba zamtunduwu ali ndi mavitamini okhutira mafuta ndi A. D.
Zogulitsa nsomba zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zamoyo zam'madzi zili ndi zinthu zambiri zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimayenera kugwira ntchito ya thupi lathu - zinki, mkuwa, fluorine, ayodini. Koma pali zochepa zochepa mu nsomba za nsomba kusiyana ndi nyama, koma zimagwira bwino ntchito za glands zowonongeka. Ngakhale kuti pali thanzi labwino komanso makhalidwe abwino omwe amapezeka ndi nsomba, zakudyazi zimadetsedwabe ndi ziwalo zathu zam'mimba. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba zouma ndi zouma zimakumbidwa movuta kwambiri kuposa zokazinga kapena zophika.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa nsomba zamankhwala pa umoyo wanu kumatsimikizidwanso ndi momwe mwatsopano mumagula mankhwala omwe mwagula. Kuti musankhe nsomba yoyenera m'sitolo kuti mukonzekere zophika zenizeni kuchokera pamenepo, muyenera kumvetsera zotsatirazi zotsatirazi. Nsomba zatsopano, maso ayenera kukhala okhwima, ndi cornea yoonekera. Mitundu yambiri ya nsomba yowonongeka imakhala yofiira komanso yofiira, n'zovuta kupatukana ndi mafupa. Pamene kuphika nsomba msuzi ayenera kugwidwa ndi fungo lokoma, ndipo msuzi akutembenukira woonekera. Ngati nsomba yomwe imapezekayo ili ndi maonekedwe ofunika kwambiri, amawoneka mosavuta ndi mafupa a minofu, mitsempha yofiira kwambiri komanso fungo losasangalatsa, ndiye kuti nsomba zomwe zingakonzedwe kuchokera ku zinthu zoterezi ziyenera kufunsidwa.
Mazira a nsomba amakhalanso ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, caviar ya nsomba ndi sturgeon nsomba zili ndi mapuloteni okwana 30%, ambiri a lecithin, vitamini A, D, E, phosphorous, iron, ndi zina. Caviar imatengedwa ngati mankhwala a nsomba kuchokera m'gulu la zakudya zokhala ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri.
Koma nsomba zamzitini kapena zotetezedwa zimakhala zochepa kwambiri kwa thupi lathu kuposa nsomba zatsopano. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndi njira zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nsombazi, nsomba zosayembekezereka za zakudya zimapezeka. Zakudya zam'chitini zamtundu zimapangidwa kuchokera ku mackerel, saumoni, mahatchi, ndi herring. Zakudya zam'chitini mu tomato msuzi amapangidwa kuchokera ku nsomba zokazinga ndi zosasakanizidwa. Nsomba zam'chitini mu mafuta zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku nsomba yotentha kapena kusakanizidwa. Zakudya ndi pasitala sizimapezeka kokha ku nsomba zonse, komanso kuchokera ku khola, chiwindi, mkaka ndi zina zowonongeka. Popanga nsomba zam'chitini, zowonjezera monga nsomba za minced, masamba okazinga, tirigu, marinade, zonunkhira, phwetekere msuzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu poyerekeza ndi chakudya cham'chitini ndi chakuti njira yopangira ntchitoyi siimaphatikizapo siteji yowonjezera. Pofuna kupeza nsombazi zimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osungirako nsomba, nthawi zambiri asidi acid kapena sodium benzoate. Nthawi zina mumagwiritsa ntchito mapepala otetezera, zokometsera ndi zowonongeka.
Nsomba zatsopano zomwe zinagulidwa pa msika ziyenera kusungidwa ndi mazira, ndipo palibe vuto liyenera kuloledwa kubwereza mobwerezabwereza (izi zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino kuwonjezeka kwa mabakiteriya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zamagetsi ndi kuwonongeka kwake). Zakudya zoterezi monga chakudya zam'chitini zimasungidwa kutentha kuchokera 0 mpaka 5 ° C ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya sikuposa 75% pa nthawi yomwe imasonyezedwa phukusi (nthawi zina ngakhale zaka 2 mpaka 3). Zosungirako ziyenera kusungidwa kutentha kosapitirira 6 ° C kwa masiku osapitirira 45.