Amenorrhea kapena kusowa kwa msambo zikhoza kuchitika panthawi ya kutha msinkhu komanso panthawi ina m'moyo wa mkazi. Amayi amtundu wapatali ndi chikhalidwe chomwe sichipezeka mwezi uliwonse kuchokera pa kubadwa mpaka zaka 16. Mankhwalawa amapezeka pamsana pa nthawi yoyamba ya kusamba ndipo amatha kutuluka mwadzidzidzi. Ngati mutangotsala mwezi uliwonse, zitha kukhala, lingaliro lanu loyamba lidzakhala kuti muli ndi pakati. Ndipotu, pali zina zambiri zomwe zingatheke kuchepetsa kuchepa. Choncho, kupezeka kwa msambo: zomwe zimayambitsa, mankhwala - nkhani yokambirana lero.
Amenorrhea kawirikawiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda aakulu. Komabe, kusatsimikizika za zomwe zimayambitsa kuthetsa mwamsanga msambo kungakhale kupweteka kwa mkazi aliyense. Musawope. Mutadziwa bwino mbiri yanu ya zachipatala komanso ndondomeko ya zizindikiro zanu, katswiri angathe kudziwa chifukwa chake chavuta. Kuchiza mokwanira kudzathetsa kuthetsa msambo.
Zizindikiro za amenorrhea
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha kukhalapo kwa amenorrhea ndi kupezeka kwa mwezi. Matendawa ndi awiri:
- Primary amenorrhea - kusowa kwa msinkhu ali ndi zaka 16.
- chimbudzi chakumwera - osakhala kumwezi kwa miyezi 3-6 kapena kuposerapo.
Malinga ndi chifukwa cha amenorrhea, mukhoza kuwona zizindikiro zina, monga kutuluka kwa madzi oyera a milky ku minofu, kumutu, kuwona masomphenya kapena kukula kwa tsitsi ndi nkhope.
Zifukwa za amitrrhea
Amayi amtundu waukulu
Amayi amtunduwu amakhudza amayi osachepera 1% ali aang'ono. Zina mwa zifukwa zofala ndi izi:
- Chromosomal zosavomerezeka. Zikhoza kutsogolera mazira ndi mapuloteni omwe amathandiza kuti azitulutsa ovulation ndi kusamba.
- Vuto ndi hypothalamus. Kuwoneka ndi matenda osokonezeka a hypothalamus - malo a ubongo, omwe amachititsa thupi kugwira ntchito ndi kusamba. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zovuta za kudya, monga matenda a anorexia, komanso kupsinjika maganizo kumagwirizanitsa ntchito ya hypothalamus. Nthawi zambiri, maonekedwe a chotupa mu hypothalamus ndiwo maziko a kuyimitsidwa kwa ntchito yake yachibadwa.
- Matenda opatsirana. Chithokomiro cha ubongo ndi ubongo mu ubongo umene umayendetsa msambo. Kukhalapo kwa chotupa kapena mtundu wina wa chitukuko chokwiya kungakhudze mphamvu ya chigoba cha pituitary kuchita ntchito zake.
- Kutaya ziwalo zoberekera. Nthawi zina pa nthawi yopita m'mimba, zimakhala zolakwika, zomwe zimapangitsa atsikana kubadwa opanda ziwalo zambiri za ubereki, monga chiberekero, chiberekero kapena abambo. Pazochitikazi, kupezeka kwa msambo kapena kuchepa kwadzidzidzi kumayenera chifukwa chongopititsa patsogolo njira yoberekera.
- Zachilengedwe zowonongeka. Matenda a chikhalidwe cha abambo akhoza kuteteza kuoneka koyamba kumaliseche. Nthawi zina abambo amatsekedwa ndi nembanemba kapena zotchinga, zomwe zimalepheretsa kutaya kwa chiberekero ndi chiberekero.
Chimake chakumwera
Mankhwalawa amadziwika kwambiri kuposa oyambirira. Chifukwa chake chingakhale:
- Mimba. Kwa amayi a msinkhu wobereka, kutenga mimba ndilo chifukwa chofala chifukwa chosakhalitsa msambo. Pamene dzira la feteleza limatulutsidwa mu khoma la chiberekero, ndi khoma la uterine lomwe limayambitsa kudyetsa mimba.
- Kulingalira kumatanthauza. Azimayi ena omwe amamwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka alibe msambo. Pambuyo posiya kulandira chithandizo cham'malamulo, chizoloŵezi chingatenge miyezi itatu kapena sikisi asanayambe kubwereza nthawi zonse ndi kusamba. Mankhwala opatsirana ndi intrauterine omwe ali ndi progesterone angayambitsenso amishrhea.
- Kuyamwitsa. Amayi achikulire amakhalanso akuvutika ndi amenorrhea. Ngakhale ali ndi chifuwa, koma kusamba sikuchitika. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti ngakhale mu chikhalidwe ichi mkazi akhoza kutenga mimba kachiwiri! Ndipo ngakhale kusakhala kusamba.
- Kupanikizika. Kupsinjika maganizo kumatha kuwononga ntchito ya hypothalamus - gawo la ubongo lomwe limayendetsa mahomoni omwe amayendetsa kayendetsedwe kake. Chotsatira chake, kuvomereza ndi kusamba kumatha kuyimitsidwa. Kuzungulirana kwafupipafupi kwa mwezi kumayambiranso pakapita kuchepa kwa kupanikizika.
- Mankhwala. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mitundu ina ya mankhwala kungayambitse kuthetsa kwa msambo. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, mapuloteni, mankhwala enaake a mankhwala ndi corticosteroids angayambitse kuyambika kwa amenorrhea.
- Matenda. Matenda amatha kuchedwa kapena amasiya kusamba. Pambuyo pa kubwezeretsa msambo nthawi zambiri amayambiranso.
- Kusamvana kwachilengedwe. Chifukwa chofala cha amenorrhea kapena matenda osagwirizana ndi matenda omwe amadziwika kuti polycystic ovary syndrome. Matendawa amachititsa kuwonjezereka kwapakati pa ma hormone a estrogen ndi androgens mu thupi. Chotsatira chake, mlingo wa mahomoni opangidwa ndi chifuwa cha pituitary umachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asakhalenso kusamba. Matenda a Polycystic ovary amachititsa kunenepa kwambiri, kawirikawiri umatulutsa magazi ochulukitsa mosavuta, nyamakazi, komanso nthawi zina tsitsi loposa.
- Kulemera kwa thupi. Kulemera kwakukulu kwambiri kwa thupi kumalepheretsa ntchito ya mahomoni ochuluka m'thupi ndipo imatha kuletsa ovulation. Azimayi omwe amadwala matenda, monga anorexia kapena bulimia, nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi miyezi imodzi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Azimayi omwe amachita masewera omwe amafunika kuchita mwamphamvu kwambiri, monga ballet, akuthamanga mtunda wautali kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi, nthawi zambiri amadwala ndi msambo wosagwirizana. Zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asakhale odwala chifukwa cha kusamba kwake - kuchepa kwa mafuta, kuthamanga ndi mphamvu zopitirira.
- Kutentha kwa chithokomiro. Zochita zochepa za chithokomiro (hypothyroidism), nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa chisokonezo ngakhale kusakhala kwa msambo. Matenda a chithokomiro angathenso kutulutsa mankhwala otsika kwambiri a prolactini - hormone yomwe imatulutsa khungu. Kusintha kwa mlingo wa prolactin kungakhudze ntchito ya hypothalamus ndipo kumasokoneza nthawi zonse kusamba.
- Kutupa kwa chifuwa cha pituitary. Ziphuphu za Benin za pituitary gland (adenoma kapena prolactinoma) zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa prolactin. Kuchulukitsa kwa prolactin kungasokoneze ntchito ya chifuwa cha pituitary, monga woyang'anira wa kusamba. Matendawa amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala, koma nthawi zina kuchotsa opaleshoni kumafunika.
- Zilonda zamkati ndi zophatikiza. Pankhani imeneyi, boma limapezeka mumadzimadzi omwe amapezeka mu chiwindi cha chiberekero. Nthawi zina izi zimachitika chifukwa cha njira zachipatala zokhudzana ndi chiberekero, monga kutambasula ndi kutsegula, gawo lachisala kapena mankhwala a uterine fibrosis. Mazira ndi mabala amtunduwu amalepheretsa kukula ndi kukula kwa chiberekero, zomwe zimachititsa kuchepa kapena kupezeka kwathunthu kwa kusamba.
- Kusamalidwa msambo. Monga lamulo, kusamba kwa thupi kumapezeka kwa amayi a zaka zapakati pa 45 mpaka 55. Izi zikachitika m'zaka za msinkhu, kusamba kwa thupi kumatanthauzidwa ngati msanga. Popanda ntchito yokwanira ya mazira ambiri, kuchuluka kwa estrogen m'thupi kumachepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lichepetse chiberekero komanso kusakhala kwa msambo. Kusamba kwa msambo kwa msinkhu kungakhale chifukwa cha zamoyo za chibadwa kapena matenda odzimadzimadzi. Kawirikawiri, zifukwa zake sizidziwika.
Kusanthula kwa amenorrhea
Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa amapezeka mosavuta chifukwa cha matenda owopsya, amatha kukhala ndi mavuto ambirimbiri a mahomoni. Kuwulula chifukwa chenicheni cha amenorrhea kungatenge nthawi yayitali ndipo kungafune kugwiritsa ntchito mayesero angapo. Choyamba, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti mutenge mimba. Kuonjezerapo, kuyesedwa koyenera kwa amayi kudzachitika pofuna kuyang'ana zizindikiro za mimba kapena mavuto ena ndi ziwalo zoberekera. Ngati mulibe pakati, adokotala adzayendera ndikukufunsani mafunso okhudza zaumoyo wanu ndi mbiri yachipatala. Kwa atsikana, ndemangayi ikuphatikizapo kuyezetsa zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimakhala za kutha msinkhu. Gawo lotsatira ndi kuyesa magazi kuti muone kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, kuyesa chithokomiro ndi momwe mlingo wa prolactin umayendera. Komanso, madokotala amatha kupereka uphungu kwa otchedwa progestin test, momwe wodwala amatenga mankhwala a hormonal (progestogen) kwa masiku 7-10. Mankhwala amachititsa magazi. Zotsatira za mayesowa zikuwonetsa ngati amenorrhea ikugwirizana ndi kusowa kwa estrogen.
Malingana ndi zizindikiro, ndi zotsatira za kuyesedwa kwa magazi, dokotala angafunike kuyesedwa kwina. Mapulogalamu a pakompyuta, magnetic resonance kapena ultrasound amatha kuzindikira zotupa m'matumbo okhudzidwa ndi ziwalo zina zolimbana ndi ziwalo zoberekera. Pomaliza, laparoscopy kapena hysteroscopy nthawi zina amalimbikitsidwa. Izi zikupeleka njira zopaleshoni, zomwe ziwalo zamkati zowonongeka zimatha kuyesedwa.
Chithandizo cha amenorrhea
Chithandizo, ngati chiripo, chimadalira chifukwa cha amenorrhea. Nthawi zina dokotala amalimbikitsa kusintha kwa moyo, malingana ndi kulemera kwa wodwalayo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kupsinjika maganizo. Ngati mukudwala matenda a polycystic ovary kapena masewera amenorrhea, dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala othandizira kuti athetse vutoli. Amenorrhea chifukwa cha kuphwanya khungu la chithokomiro kapena gland ya pituitary imasonyeza chithandizo china.
Njira yabwino yopeŵera kupezeka kwa msambo ndiyo kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi:
- Sinthani zakudya zanu ndikuchita zochitika zolimbitsa thupi kuti mukwaniritse ndi kulemera kwanu.
- Pitirizani kukhala ndi moyo wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku - ntchito, kupuma ndi kumasuka.
- Sankhani zomwe zimachitika ndi mikangano ndi zovuta pamoyo wanu, ndipo yesetsani kuzipewa. Ngati simungathe kuchepetsa mavuto anu - funsani achibale anu, abwenzi anu, kapena dokotala kuti akuthandizeni.
Onetsetsani kusintha kwa msambo, ndipo ngati pali chinachake chomwe chikukudetsani nkhawa kapena kukuvutitsani - funsani malangizo kwa katswiri. Sungani zolemba ndi mwezi uliwonse chizindikiro cha kuyamba kwa msambo uliwonse, nthawi yake ndi zizindikiro zirizonse zomwe mukukumana nazo. Lankhulani ndi amayi anu, mlongo, kapena wachibale wina wapafupi, ndipo muwone ngati ali ndi vuto lomwelo. Zambiri zamtunduwu zingathandize dokotala kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa amenorrhea mwa inu. Nthawi zina amenorrhea imayambitsa nkhawa komanso nkhawa. Ndiye ndiye dokotala yekha amene angayang'ane zizindikiro za kupezeka kwa msambo, zifukwa, chithandizo cha matendawa. Ndi dokotala, mungapeze njira yothetsera kusintha kwa mwezi.