Kawirikawiri m'chilimwe, kutentha kumatentha mumsewu, poizoni amapezeka. Mukhoza kungoiwala kusamba zipatso kapena ndiwo zamasamba, kugwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala m'tsiku - komanso zonse, poizoni ndi chilimwe. Koma mungadziteteze bwanji ku mavuto amenewa?
Mitundu ndi zifukwa za zolakwa
1. Matenda opatsirana kwambiri am'mimba ndi omwe amachititsa kuti "poizoni" awonetseke, monga zizindikiro zotentha, kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza, kusuta. Palinso dzina lina la poizoni - "matenda otupa". Choyambitsa matenda opatsirana m'mimba ndibwino kwambiri madzi kapena chakudya.
Kuti muteteze ku izi, muyenera kutsuka manja anu musanadye chakudya, kumbukirani zomwe akunena ku canteens. Mbewu ndi zipatso, zomwe sizingasinthidwe kutentha, ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi owiritsa, zotsalira zonsezi zikhoza kusambitsidwa ndi madzi opanda madzi. Mulimonsemo, musamamwe madzi pamphepete, basi mumabotolo kapena yophika. Zogonjetsa ziyenera kusungidwa mu furiji.
Kuledzera ndi botulism ndi staphylococcus ndi gulu lachiwiri la poizoni. Staphylococcus ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zizindikiro za matenda ake ndi izi: kusanza, kunyowa, kupweteka kwambiri kwa minofu, kupweteka mutu, kukhumudwa, kutsegula m'mimba, kutentha kwakukulu, kuthamanga thupi.
Botulism ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndipo poizoniyi ali ndi zosiyana zake: zowuma m'kamwa, zofooka mu minofu, zomwe zimakula mofulumira, kumverera kwa "mtanda" pammero, kuphatikiza zinthu ndi "ubweya" pamaso pathu. Munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, munthu amasiya nkhope (amaoneka ngati maski), kutalika kwa mawu ndi kusintha kwa mawu, kupuma kumangokhala, ndipo ophunzira ndi aakulu kwambiri.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji matenda?
Ngati simungakhoze kuchita popanda confectionery m'chilimwe, ndiye muwagule malo abwino, odalirika. Musagule maswiti ndi maswiti ena mu khola loyamba.
Yesetsani kupewa kapena kusadya zakudya zam'chitini zopangidwa ndi makina (bowa, nkhuku, nyama, nsomba), ndipo mochuluka musagule mankhwalawa pamsika kapena m'masitolo.
2. Tiyeni tiyankhule za bowa, chifukwa gulu lotsatira la poizoni limawakhudza - poizoni ndi zipatso zamapiri ndi bowa.
Pofuna kupeŵa poizoni, sungani zipatso ndi bowa zomwe mumadziwa kuti zana limodzi, ngati muli ndi kukayikira pang'ono ponena za mphatso za m'nkhalango, kuzidalira - thanzi ndilofunika kwambiri.
Musatenge zipatso ndi bowa pamsewu ndi njanji zamoto, pafupi ndi zinyalala, madontho komanso zipangizo zina.
Konzani bowa moyenera, musanyalanyaze mankhwalawa, kumbukirani kuti ndibwino kuti muwapatse iwo kapena kuwasunga mchere.
3. Chabwino, chinthu chotsirizira ndi poizoni, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka. Choncho, ngati muwona kuti fungo, kusasinthasintha, mtundu kapena china chake chasintha mwanjira yina kapena sichikulimbikitsani inu, lekani, musadzipire nokha kuyesera. Ndipo mutadzuka mu dziko lina ndikuganiza kuti mudzayesa ngamila yosadziwika, mufunseni kuti yophika bwanji, kuchokera ku zinthu zotani, chifukwa n'zosatheka kuti mimba yanu isakonde kusintha koteroko ku khitchini.
Kodi mungapeze bwanji thandizo loyamba la poizoni?
Poyambirira, nkofunikira kudziwa, chifukwa cha zomwe munthu ali ndi poizoni, ndi mtundu wanji wa mankhwala. Izi zikhoza kuwuza ozunzidwa kapena otseka anthu omwe adamuzungulira panthawi imeneyo, komanso kununkhiza ndi mtundu wa masanzi kudzathandizanso pa izi.
Ngati mankhwala omwe ali ndi "poizoni" adalowa mu thupi 2-4 maola apitawo, ndiye kuti azitha kusamba m'mimba, chifukwa amachotsa poizoni ndi mankhwala. Kuchita izi, malita imodzi ndi hafu ya yankho la 0,1% potaziyamu permanganate ayenera kujected pa nthawi, koma ayenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti choyamba makulu onsewo atha. Ndiponso, njira yothetsera 2% ya soda wamba wothandizira imathandizira, kenaka ndikofunikira kuyambitsa kusanza. Kuti muyeretsenso m'mimba, nkofunika kuti muyambe kutsuka.
Kuyika makala kumakhala kofunika kwambiri pa izi, muyenera kumwa mapiritsi anayi maola atatu kapena awiri kapena atatu, koma kumbukirani kuti mapiritsi oposa khumi ndi awiri sayenera kumwa.
Ndipo kachiwiri: ziribe kanthu zomwe zimachitika, kumbukirani kuti simukusowa, musadzipange mankhwala, koma mwamsanga funsani dokotala. Ngati muli ndi chimfine ndi kutsekula m'mimba - ichi ndi chifukwa chomveka choyitanira ambulansi.
Kodi mungapewe bwanji kuthamanga kwa chilimwe?
- Malingana ndi chiwerengero, pafupifupi 15% ya kuchitidwa kwa chilimwe kumachitika chifukwa cha osauka shish kebabs. Kuchokera ku nyama yosapangidwa ndi zotheka kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana - trichinosis, toxoplasmosis. Ndipo nyamayi ikhoza kukhala yatsopano komanso yokondweretsa. Komabe, ntchito zogwirira ntchito zaukhondo zimati pafupifupi 25 peresenti ya nyama yomwe imagulitsidwa m'misika komanso m'masitolo imakhudzidwa ndi toxoplasmosis. Choncho, musanayambe frying the kebabs, onetsetsani kuti mutenge, kenako yophika mpaka itakonzeka.
- Anthu ambiri ali otsimikiza kuti zipatso za m'nkhalango zingathe kusambidwa, koma izi siziri choncho. Anthu amaganiza kuti ayamba kale kuyeretsa, komanso mukamasamba zitsamba zam'madzi ndi timadzi timadzi m'madzi otentha panyumba, zimakhala zosakongola. Kumbukirani kuti muyenera kusamba zipatso zilizonse, osati kuzizira, koma ndi madzi otentha. Pa zipatso zimakhala ndi mabakiteriya ambiri omwe amachititsa kuti m'mimba azikhumudwa ndi poizoni, komanso ma particles a padziko lapansi.
- Nthawi zonse zamasula makala, potassium permanganate ndi mankhwala oletsa kutsekula m'mimba - izi zidzakupatsani mphamvu yakugonjetsa zizindikiro za poizoni kwa nthawi yoyamba.
- Gwirizanitsani zinthuzo molondola. Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu amadya nkhaka mkaka, kuyaka kwa mabakiteriya a lactic kumayambitsa kupweteka mmimba. Mutha kuika nkhaka mu mkaka ndikuwona momwe zidzasinthira msanga.
- Musadye kwambiri ndi zipatso, makamaka ngati sizimveka kufikira mapeto, chifukwa zingayambitsenso poizoni. Musamvetsere anthu omwe amadya zobiriwira zachilengedwe ndipo sizichitika ndi aminich. Munthu aliyense ali ndi bata layekha ku zinthu zoterezi. Makamaka zimakhala zovuta kwa anawo, palibe chifukwa choti musawapatse masamba osapsa, zipatso ndi zipatso.