Chiwindi cha nkhumba: zizindikiro, chithandizo ndi kupewa

Chiwindi cha nkhumba (California) ndi matenda opatsirana oopsa omwe amachititsidwa ndi kachilombo A (H1N1), omwe amadziwika ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu (matenda opatsirana), omwe amawopsa kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe ali pangozi (amayi apakati ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu), achiwawa Inde, ankadziwika ndi matenda a kupuma.

Zizindikiro za matenda a nkhumba mwa anthu

Kliniki A (H1N1) ndi yofanana ndi zizindikiro za "nyengo yamfine", kusiyana kwake ndi kofanana - 20-25% mwa odwala matendawa amachitika motsatira maziko a dyspepsia (kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza, kunyoza). Matenda a nkhumba amadziwika ndi "kuyamba" mofulumira tsiku lomwelo 2-3 limadutsa mu chibayo, kumasintha magazi, kumawonjezera coagulability, kumabweretsa thrombosis, septic shock, myocarditis. Zizindikiro za matendawa mwa munthu wamkulu:

• kuperewera kwa kupuma;
• malungo ndi madigiri 38-39;
• zilonda, ululu m'maganizo / minofu;
• mutu, chifuwa chouma;
• kutsekula m'mimba, kunyoza, kusanza;
• matenda a mtima: kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, tachycardia, kumva wogontha mtima,

Mtundu woopsa wa nkhumba za nkhumba zimasonyezedwa ndi kutentha kwapiritsi (pamwamba pa madigiri 39), chifuwa chosabereka, myalgia, hyperthermia, zilonda zam'mbuyo, mpweya wochepa, mpweya woipa (hemorrhagic syndrome (nasal / pulmonary hemorrhages, hemoptysis). Nthendayi yoopsa kwambiri ya nkhumba imadziwika ndi kukula kwa mankhwala oopsa a mapulaneti - pachimake chowopsa m'mimba. Zizindikiro za matenda a mwana:

• chifuwa chouma kwambiri;
• Kufooka kwakukulu, kutentha thupi (38.5-40 madigiri);
• kupweteka m'magulu, kupuma pang'ono;
• mutu, kutsegula m'mimba;
• ululu wamimba (ululu m'mimba);
• kupweteka, kunyoza, kusanza.

Mosiyana ndi anthu akuluakulu, ana amapezeka kuti ali ndi mitundu yovuta komanso yovuta popanda mavuto. Pa matenda a catarral (mphuno, pakhosi, chifuwa), matenda oledzeretsa amachititsa (kufooka, kupweteka mutu, kutentha thupi). Matenda a m'mimba (kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba) nthawi zambiri amapezeka kwa ana a zaka zapakati pa zisanu ndi chimodzi, pa chifuwa cha X-ray cha kusintha kosadziwika sikunapezeke. Kawirikawiri, matenda a A (H1N1) mwa ana amadziwika ndi njira yosavuta yolimbana ndi zovuta zosayerekezereka mu ma laboratory magawo a magazi.

Matenda a nkhumba: mankhwala

Mliri A (H1N1) ku Russia unayamba mu Januwale - kuposa kale. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mliri wa 2016 ndi kugonjetsedwa koopsa kwa achinyamata abwino 25-40 a zaka, kachipatala kowopsa komwe kamangothamangira ku chibayo choyambitsa matenda a tizilombo chomwe chili ndi chiwombankhanza. Malinga ndi momwe matenda a Russian Federation akuyendera, kachilomboka kamakula mofulumira kudera lonseli, odwala ambirimbiri anafa ndi matenda owopsa, mazana ambiri ali ndi kachilomboka. Madokotala amauza anthu a ku Russia kuti asawopsyeze, ndipo pakuoneka zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka nthawi yomweyo pitani kuchipatala. Pankhani ya mankhwala okwanira komanso othandizira, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zabwino.

Chithandizo cha chimfine cha nkhumba

Kuposa kuchiza nkhuku ya nkhumba? Gulu lokha la mankhwala omwe apangidwira A (H1N1) ndi neuraminidase inhibitors: zanamivir ndi oseltamivir. Zochita zawo zimachokera ku kutsekemera kwa matendawa ndi ma virus a Fluwenza B ndi A a sialic acid otsalira omwe amapanga glycoprotein receptors yomwe ili pamphuno ya selo yodwala, yomwe imayambitsa kutha kwa mavairasi. Kukana A (H1N1) kwa Oseltamivir ndi 0.5-0.7%, kukana Zanamivir sikunalembedwe. Kulandira Zanamivir (Relenza) ndi Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) akulimbikitsidwa:

• Anthu ochepera zaka 19 omwe akulandira mankhwala a acetylsacyl acid;
• anthu omwe ali ndi HIV komanso matenda aakulu;
• amayi apakati,
• ana osapitirira zaka zisanu, akuluakulu oposa 65;
• odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri yakale ya kachilombo ka A (H1N1);
• Pamaso pa zizindikiro ziwiri zazomwe zalembedwa: Kuvuta kupuma kwa nasal, chifuwa chouma, kupuma kwa kupuma, malungo, zilonda zam'mimba.

Mitundu yovuta ya A (H1N1) imathandizidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo 2-3: Arbidol + Viferon + Tamiflu, Tamiflu + Cycloferon, Panavir + Cycloferon + Tamiflu. Zovuta-zolemera-kuphatikizapo Viferon + Tamiflu, Arbidol + Tamiflu, Viferon + Arbidol. Zizindikiro: madontho a vasoconstrictive a mphuno, febrifuge (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol), mankhwala othandizira mphuno (Ambroxol, Tussin), antihistamines (Zodak, Claritin).

Kupewa nkhumba za nkhumba: mankhwala

Chifuwa cha nkhumba ndi matenda owopsa omwe ndi ovuta kupewa. Pakadali pano, pofuna kupewa chitetezo, katemera woteteza kachilombo ka HIV A (H1N1) wapangidwa, kukonzekera Arbidol, Tamiflu, Viferon amasonyezedwa chifukwa chosadziwika bwino.