Mtunduwu umayimiridwa ndi tchire chobiriwira ndi mitengo yaying'ono. Masamba awo ali opota kapena ozungulira, omwe ali pafupi. Maluwa ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, okhaokha, omwe ali m'magulu a masamba. Nkhuta imakhala ndi mapaundi anayi, okongoletsedwa. Androzey amaimiridwa ndi ambiri stamens. Zipatso za mabulosi.
Oimira.
Feijoa Sellova (Lat. Feijoa sellowiana (O. Berg) O. Berg.). Dzina lomwelo ndi Acca Sellova (Latin Acca sellowiana (O. Berg) Burret). Amakula ku Paraguay, South Brazil, Northern Argentina ndi Uruguay. Shrub yobiriwira nthawi zonse imakhala ndi korona wandiweyani, imatha kufika mamita 3-6. Masamba wandiweyani ali pafupi; khalani ndi mawonekedwe achifupi; pamwamba pa mtundu wobiriwira, kuchokera pansipa - silvery. Gawo la pansi la tsambali ndi pubescent ndipo liri ndi glands zonunkhira. Amuna ndi akazi ali ndi masentimita 3-4 masentimita awiri, mawonekedwe zymoznye inflorescence, omwe ali mu sinus. Pansi pamakhala woyera, mkati - kuwala kofiira.
Zojambula, zojambula mu kapezi kapena pinki, chiwerengero chachikulu. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, imayamba mu Meyi. Zipatso ndi mabulosi amdima wonyezimira ndi phula la sera, 4-7 masentimita m'litali, 3-5 masentimita m'lifupi. Mabulosi owawasawa ali ndi mnofu wambiri, ali ndi fungo la chinanazi ndi sitiroberi. Zimatha pakati pa mwezi wa October ndi November. Kuti apange zipatso m'nyumba, maluwa a F. Sallov ayenera kuchitidwa.
Feijoa Sellova amafalitsidwa kwambiri ngati zokongoletsera, ngakhalenso chomera chomera. Zipatso zake zili ndi zigawo zotsatirazi (%): shuga - 5,1-10,5; malic acid - 1.5-3.6; pectin pafupifupi 2.5; iodini - 2,1-3,9 mg pa 1 kg ya zipatso. Khalani okonzeka, khalani vinyo; Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito mwatsopano, osati mawonekedwe. Sikofunika kusunga zipatso kuposa mwezi umodzi.
Amakula m'mayiko otentha, komanso ku Gombe la Black Sea la Caucasus, m'madera ena a ku Central Asia. F. Sellova nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polima zomera.
Zomera zamphamvu zimalekerera kutentha kwa 2 ° C, ndi kusagonjetsedwa kwa chilala, musalole kuti chinyezi chowonjezera ndi mandimu mu nthaka, zizifalitsa zomera (polemba pamodzi ndi kudula) ndi mbewu; Zipatso zimapanga chaka cha 4-5.
Malamulo osamalira.
Kuunikira. Zomera zam'mlengalenga: feijoa amatanthauza zomera zojambulajambula, koma osakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, choncho ndibwino kuti muzitenge. M'chaka chilimbikitseni kutenga zomera ku mpweya wabwino, ku khonde kapena kumunda. Pankhani ya kukula kwa feijoa poyera, iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo.
Kutentha kwa boma. Kutentha kwakukulu mu chilimwe ndi 18-24 ° C, m'nyengo yozizira - 8-12 ° C. Mu nyengo yozizira ndikofunikira kulenga nyengo yabwino kwa chomeracho ndi kuwala kowala.
Kuthirira. Pa siteji ya kukula kwa chiwopsezo cha feijoa, imathiriridwa mochuluka. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira amasintha ku boma lokhazikika. Pakati pa madzi okwanira pamwamba pa nthaka ayenera kuuma. Zomera zam'deralo zomwe zili mu nyengo zimadya nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu.
Kupaka pamwamba. Kupaka pamwamba kumapangidwa kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwafupipafupi kwa 1 milungu iwiri iliyonse. Gwiritsani ntchito mchere ndi organic feteleza kuti zinyama zitsamba zazitsamba.
Mapangidwe. Ngati mukufuna kupanga korona wokongola kwambiri pa feijoa, muyenera kuchepetsa mphukira za chomera chachikulu mwa 1/3. Chitani izi pakati pa mapeto a chisanu ndi kuyamba kwa masika. Pa chomera chochepa, munthu ayenera kumeta nsonga za mphukira. Komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kudula thickening ndi zofooka mphukira.
Kusindikiza. Kuziika kwa achinyamata zomera kumachitika pachaka. Akuluakulu feijoa ndibwino kuti asazike. Zimasinthidwa zaka 4-5 zilizonse, ndikukhalabe okhulupilika. Monga gawo lapansi, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha zotsatirazi: tsamba ndi sod land, humus, peat, mchenga wofanana. Njira ina: tsamba ndi mtunda wa dothi, mchenga uli ndi magawo ofanana.
Kubalana. Feijoa ndi chomera chomwe chimafalitsidwa ndi zipatso ndi mbewu.
Pankhani ya kubereka mbewu, pali kusiyana pakati pa makhalidwe a makolo m'badwo woyamba. Mitengo yatsopano sizimalandira zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa makolo awo. Mbewu yofesa mbewu ikuchitika mu February-March ku nthaka yakuya pafupifupi masentimita 0,5. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito gawo lopangidwa bwino ndi mchenga ndi mchenga wofanana. Kwa kumera kwa mbewu, kutentha kwa 18 mpaka 20 ° C, kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse, kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi mpweya wokwanira n'kofunika. Pambuyo masiku 25-30 pali mphukira. Kujambula kumachitika pamene chomera chili ndi mapaundi awiri ndi awiri. Gwiritsani miphika yaing'ono ndi gawo lapansi (sod, humus, mchenga - 1: 1: 1). Mbande ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi kuwaza nthawi zonse. Mitengo yachinyamata sayenera kuikidwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa. Pamene mphukira ifika 25-30 masentimita m'litali, iwo amathyoledwa, kudula kutambasuka ndi ofooka mphukira. Mbande ya miyezi iwiri ikuyang'aniridwa ngati zomera zokhwima.
Kwa njira ya kufalitsa ndi cuttings, m'pofunika kusankha theka lakale mphukira wa 8-10 masentimita yaitali. Muzu wa cuttings mu lonyowa mchenga. Kwa mofulumira komanso odalirika rooting, cuttings akhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi kukula stimulants monga heteroauxin, rootstocks, succinic asidi. Lower kutentha kwa muli ndi cuttings komanso kumathandiza awo mofulumira rooting. Kutentha kumayenera kukhala mkati mwa 25 ° C. Musaiwale kuti nthawi zonse muzimitsa chipinda ndikupopera tizidulidwe. Pambuyo pa mizu, a cuttings ayenera kuthiridwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito gawo lapansi la zotsatirazi: turf, humus, mchenga wofanana. Patadutsa mwezi ndi theka, malamulo oti asamalire chomera chokhwima amayamba kugwira ntchito.
Zosatheka zovuta.
- Ngati chomeracho chili ndi nkhungu yakuda, ndiye kuti pali chodetsedwa ndi zowola.
- Tizilombo: mphere, mealybug.