Koma musanayambe kusewera masewera a ana a sukulu, muyenera ndithu kukachezera mwana wa dokotala wamba. Makamaka ngati ali pafupi kutha msinkhu. Funso likubwera: Mtima wa mwana uyenera kukhala wotani? Ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, siziyenera kukhala bwanji? Mafunso awa adzayankhidwa kokha ndi katswiri. Dokotala amamvetsera mtima wa mwanayo, kutumiza ku electrocardiogram (ECG), ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, perekani mayeso ena. Tiyenera kudziwika kuti si onse omwe amabadwira masewera aakulu. Masewera ndi zochitika zowonongeka zimatsutsana ndi ana omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, monga chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu, zilonda za m'mimba, matenda a impso, ziwalo. Ndipo ndi matenda a mtima, kuphatikizapo matenda a mtima, ngakhale zochepa zazing'ono zingapangitse zotsatira zopanda malire. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumayesetsedweratu pamakhalapo nthenda ya matenda aakulu mu mwana, monga matenda aakulu, sinusitis, caries multiple. Ngakhale atatha kudwala matenda a tizilombo, ana sangathe kuchita masabata awiri kapena atatu, kupereka zowonjezereka, kutenga nawo mbali pamisonkhano yamtunda, ndi zina zotero.
Kawirikawiri, pakuwona electrocardiogram, dokotala amauza makolo a msinkhu wa sukulu kuti mwana wawo sangakhale wothamanga kapena masewera apamwamba amatsutsana naye. Chifukwa chiyani? Inde chifukwa ECG ya ana awa ili ndi mbali zina. Uwu ndiwo matenda a kubwezeretsedwa kwa ventricular oyambirira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya electrocardiographic ventricular pre-excitation syndromes (WPW syndrome, systrome partial ventricular pre-excitation syndrome). Ma syndromes onsewa amakhala ovuta ndi arrhythmias, ndipo matenda obadwa nawo a nthawi yayitali ya QT akhoza kukhala chifukwa cha imfa yadzidzidzi. Choncho, ana omwe ali ndi makhalidwe amenewa amatsutsana ndi masewera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunika kwambiri kupita kuchipatala ndikuonetsetsa kuti mwana wanu alibe mavuto ngati amenewa.
Ngati mwanayo adzachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito ECG yokha, komanso mafilimu, kapena ultrasound ya mtima. Ndipotu, ndi ultrasound yokha yomwe imatha kuwonekera m'mitima ya valves (makamaka mitral valve prolapse, kapena PMC), yogwiritsira ntchito mawindo ozungulira (FOO), zoonjezera (zabodza) mu mtima, ndi zina zotero. Zomwe zimatchedwa zochepa zolakwika za kukula kwa mtima zimatsutsana ndi masewera akuluakulu.
Kodi "mtima wa masewera" ndi chiyani?
Dipatimenti ya zamaganizo nthawi zonse imalandira ana a msinkhu wa sukulu omwe akhala akusewera masewera kwa zaka zambiri, chifukwa masewerawo ndi gawo la moyo wawo. Ndiyenera kunena kuti mtima wa wothamanga ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mtima wa munthu amene samakhala ndi vuto lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Kuyambira pa miyezi yoyamba yophunzitsika, minofu ya mtima imasinthira, yomwe imawonetseredwa, makamaka, ndi yochepetsetsa bradycardia (kuchepetsera chiyero cha mtima). Pa nthawi yomweyi, mwanayo samamva bwino, samadandaula ndi chirichonse. Matendawa akutchedwa mtima wa masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mwana wakhanda kuyambira zaka 11 mpaka 15 sangathe msanga kugwirizanitsa ndi katundu, mtima wa achinyamata wa masewera sungagwirizane. Zingowonjezereka "sizikuyenda mofulumira" ndi kukula kwa kukula kwake ndi chitukuko.
Chenjerani: kutsegula m'mimba
Pokhala ndi zochepa zothandizira kuchipatala pa masewera olimbitsa thupi a wothamanga komanso ndi katundu wochulukirapo, chomwe chimatchedwa chigawo cha m'malire chimayamba, chomwe chimatha kukhala ndi mtima wa masewera. Chifukwa cha kuchulukitsitsa kwa masewera a ana a sukulu, pali chiwalo choposa, chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a myocardial dystrophy. Pano, ana ayamba kudandaula m'mitima, mutu, chizungulire, kufooka nthawi ndi nthawi, kutopa mwamsanga. Kusintha kwa ECG kukuwululidwa, kufalikira kwazitali za ventricular cavity kungapezeke pa ultrasound ya mtima, kuchepa kwa ntchito yake yogwirizana. Chimodzi mwa zosayanjanitsa chiwonetsero kwa wothamanga wamng'ono, mwachitsanzo, zaka 11 ndi kukhalapo kwa tachycardia (mofulumira kwambiri).
Ana ambiri a msinkhu wa sukulu lerolino, mwatsoka, samasuntha kwambiri, amathera nthawi yambiri kuseri kwa maphunziro, pa kompyuta kapena pa TV. Nthawi zina iwo sangathe "kuchoka" mumsewu, mpweya wabwino. Nthawi zina kusinthasintha kwapadera kuchoka ku hypodynamia mpaka kuphunzitsidwa mwamphamvu kumathandizanso kuti chitukuko cha myocardial dystrophy, kapena kuti myocardial dystrophy. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuthetsa masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusintha kwake kumatha kuwonekera. Choncho, nthawi izi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wa masewera.
Lero, anyamata ena akusangalala ndi magulu, pomwe amatsanzira mafano amayamba "kunyamula zitsulo" mopanda mphamvu pa mphunzitsi. Simungalole izi! Pa nthawi ya unyamata, thupi limakhala loopsya kwambiri - ziwalo zamkati, kuphatikizapo thupi lonse, osagwirizana ndi kukula kwa mwanayo, iwo sali okhwima mokwanira, osati mofanana ndi wamkulu. Ndipo poyang'aniridwa ndi kuchitidwa kwakukulu kwa thupi m'thupi pali "kusweka". Mavuto ayamba kuwuka - msana wam'mbuyo umapweteka, mtima "shams", kusintha kwa ECG kumawululidwa. Ndili ndi matenda a "myocardial dystrophy" achinyamata amatumizidwa kuchipatala.
Pamene maphunziro ayenera kuchedwa
Pozindikira mavuto ochokera mumtima, wothamanga ayenera kuchotsedwa ku maphunziro akamaphunzira ndi kuchipatala. Ana othamanga omwe ali ndi katundu wolemetsa ayenera kusamala kwambiri ulamuliro wa tsikulo, atagona maola 8 mpaka 9. Ndikofunika kufufuza zakudya - ziyenera kukhala zomveka, zopatsa mphamvu, mapuloteni, minerals, mavitamini. Mwamtheradi kutsutsana ndi mowa ndi chikonga!
Kuonjezera apo, ngati kuli kotheka, dokotala amaletsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa kuti zakudya zikhale bwino, zowonongeka pamtima. Izi zingakhale boboxin, mildronate, preductal, ATP ndi cocarboxylase, kukonzekera multivitamin, kukonzekera potaziyamu, Aevit. Chithandizo pa masewera a ana a sukulu ayenera kukhala osachepera mwezi. Ndiye tikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa ulamuliro wa maphunziro kwa miyezi inanso 2-3, ndikusunga zochitika zammawa, kuyenda. Masewera akhoza kungosinthidwa ngati kusintha komwe kukupezeka kumatuluka. Ngati kusinthaku kukupitirira kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndiye kuti musiye kuchita masewera ena. Pali zina zambiri zosangalatsa. Ndikofunika kukonzanso nthawi, kotero kuti kukana masewera sikukhala tsoka kwa mwana wa msinkhu wa sukulu yemwe mtima wake pa masewera sungapangidwe.