Kodi mutu wake n'chiyani?
Mutu wokhazikika wosasintha ndi chizindikiro chofala kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri timayang'ana pambali kapena kunja, ndipo nthawi zina timagwiritsa ntchito ngati chifukwa ("Pepani, wokondedwa, osati lero! .."). Timadalitsidwa chifukwa cha meteosensitivity yathu, nkhawa kapena kuwonjezeka kwachisokonezo ... "Kufotokozera" okha mapiritsi otchuka, mwachangu zolinga: "Njira yabwino ya mutu wa mutu ndi guillotine." Ndipotu, "belu" loopsya likhoza kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa matenda aumunthu - kuchokera ku migraine kupita kuzinthu zovuta mu ubongo. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kupanga matenda pa nthawi. Ndipo zoyambirirazo, zimakhala bwino, chifukwa ubongo ndi chiberekero ndi ziwalo zoopsa kwambiri. Zizindikiro zofunikira zowunika ndizopitiliza, zopanda phokoso kapena kawirikawiri zomwe zimabwereza mutu - mwachitsanzo, tsiku ndi tsiku kapena kusatulutsika masana - komanso, zowonongeka. Kotero, inu munaganiza kupita kwa dokotala. Zikomo Mulungu, ngati uyu ndi katswiri wodziwa zambiri, ndipo amamvetsa bwino lomwe vuto lanu ndi momwe mungathetsere. Koma ngati kuli kofunika kuti muyambe kufufuza zina (ndipo monga mukudziwira, zotsatira zake zidzakuthandizani kwambiri kuwonjezereka kwa chidziwitso), mosakayikira mukuyenera kusankha: ndiyiti?
Pakalipano, pali njira zitatu zosiyana siyana zoziwonetsera (ndiko kuti, kukwanitsa kufotokoza momveka bwino kwa madokotala) zamatundu ndi ziwalo za mkati. Ndi ultrasound (ultrasound), wodwalayo safunika kukhalabe wosasunthika, ndipo ndi wotsika mtengo. Komabe, pakadali pano, chinthu cha umunthu ndi chofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa kuika kwa sensa, malo omwe nthawi zonse amasintha panthawi yojambulira, kumadalira kotheratu pazochita zadokotala. Kupereka khalidwe lapamwamba pazithunzi pamene akufufuza mafupa ndi mapapu, computed tomography (CT), mwatsoka, satipatsa chithunzi chowonekera cha kapangidwe ka ubongo. Kuzindikira kumakhala kovuta chifukwa cha kusiyana kochepa kwa zida zofewa mu "chithunzi". Ndipo vuto lalikulu la CT ndilo mphamvu ya ma radiation pa wodwalayo. Njira yaying'ono kwambiri, ndipo mwinamwake, njira yabwino kwambiri yofufuzira lero ndi maginito opanga chithunzi (MRI).
Tiyeni tiwone Malo Opatulikitsa
Kujambula kwa maginito kumagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipamwamba kwambiri, ndipo chofunika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri njira yophunzirira kwambiri. Zina mwa ubwino wake waukulu ndikusowa kwa ma radiation ndi ma radiation mlingo wodwala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuyesa ana komanso ngakhale (malinga ndi zizindikiro zachipatala) amayi amtsogolo pambuyo pa trimester yoyamba ya mimba. Tomalph ya magnetic resonance imapanga kafukufuku wodalirika, yomwe imatha kukwanitsa "kuyang'ana" m'makona obisika kwambiri a thupi, imapereka chithunzi chazithunzi zitatu (zowonjezereka "zingathe kukhala mu ndege iliyonse) ndi" chithunzi "choyera cha ubongo. Mwa njira zonse zoganizira zachipatala, MRI imapanga kusiyana kwakukulu kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chidziwitso chomwe tomograph chidzasonkhanitsa chidzakhala chokwanira lero ndipo chidzapereka chithunzi kwa dokotala wodwalayo. Zovuta za njirayi zikhoza kuwonedwa kuti ndizofunikira kuti wodwalayo asunge mwangwiro mkati mwa ndondomekoyi, kuonjezera nthawi yophunzira, ngati ikufunidwa, kuti athandizidwe kwambiri ndi chithunzichi ndi ... phokoso logwirizana ndi ntchito ya zipangizo. Kusiyanitsa koyenera kwa MRI ndiko kupezeka kwa zitsulo mkati mwa thupi (kupatula titani ndi tantalum), komanso pacemaker. MRI imayambira pa mfundo za nyukiliya magnetic resonance (tikukamba za kuyamwa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu mu mafilimu ambirimbiri a magetsi otchedwa electromagnetic spectrum), palibe chochita ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa popanda. Kungokhala thupi la wodwala, kuikidwa mu mphamvu yamaginito yosatha, yopanda phindu kwa anthu, pamene iyo imakhala sitima yailesi, kufalitsa kwachindunji pa zomwe zikuchitika mkati. Ntchito ya tomograph ndi kulandira ndi kuwonetseratu zizindikiro za wailesi, ndikutsata mapangidwe.
Kudula "kuwombera" pamutu
Ngati mukuwerenga (Mulungu sangalole, ndithudi!) Chotupacho chimapezeka pamtanda, izi sizinatanthauze kuti nkofunika kuyika mtanda pa moyo wa munthu. Choyamba, chifukwa cha opaleshoni ya opaleshoni, opaleshoni ya ubongo ndi kalembedwe. Ndipo kachiwiri, ngati matendawa akuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa nthendayi, ndiko kuti, "oopsa", ngakhale "oopsa", ochepa kwambiri (mpaka 30 mm), mukhoza kuchita popanda opaleshoni - mwachizoloŵezi cha mawuwo. Indedi, posachedwapa, chozizwitsa chakhala chikuthandiza odwala, monga makina a gamma. Chipangizochi ndi chipangizo chopangidwa ndi zipangizo zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zatsopano zamakono a radiology, neurosurgery ndi robotics. "Chowopsa" cha matendawa ndi chitsimikizo chimodzimodzi kuchokera ku chitsimikizo cha 201. Kupyola mabowo apadera mu helmete, yomwe imayikidwa pamutu wa wodwalayo, mpweya umathamanga kupita ku tsamba lofotokozedwa ndi kompyuta. Pankhaniyi, munthu aliyense ali ndi dothi lopanda ubongo, koma amasintha mu isocenter, palimodzi amakhala opanda pake chifukwa cha chotupacho, chifukwa amapanga mlingo wokwanira. Choncho, nthawi zina ndizotheka "kugwira ntchito" mpaka malo khumi omwe alipo.
Ndondomeko yokhayo imachitika kamodzi, palibe chofunika kuti nsalu ya fupa ikhale yopangidwa ndi khungu, ndipo izi zimaphatikizapo pakhungu, monga momwe mumvetsere kale, palibe, ndipo sipadzakhalanso zikhomo ndi zida zotsatila. Inde, pamenepo kunena, mbali yokongoletsa, yomwe ndi tsitsi lanu, sichidzatha, kupatula ngati cholembera chiyenera kukonzedwa. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, wodwalayo safunika kutaya moyo wokhutira kwa masabata angapo, masiku angapo adzakhala okwanira pa chirichonse pa chirichonse, kuganizira nthawi yomwe ili pamsewu ndi kafukufuku wowerengedwa wa MRI. Apanso, umboni wokhudzana ndi kugwiritsira ntchito gamma mpeni si waukulu kwambiri ndi chotupa chachikulu komanso kusamalira kwambiri thanzi la munthu. Inde, kukayikira kwakukulu kungayambe kuzunza moyo wathu komanso kukhalapo kwa ena. Komabe, siziyenera kukhala zosokonezeka ndi chidziwitso: womaliza ayenera kukhala mnzake woyenera kwa aliyense. Nthawi zina mu nthawi yolumikiza - kumatanthauza kuchotsa mavuto aakulu mtsogolomu. Mu mawu, musaganize za chirichonse chosasangalatsa, koma musaiwale kuti muli nacho!