Kurt Vonnegut, biography

Kurt Vonnegut ndi wolemba wotchuka wa ku America. Mbiri ya Kurt ndi yosangalatsa komanso yapadera. Zambiri zomwe zinaphatikizapo mbiri ya Vonnegut, zikuwonetseratu nkhani zake mwanjira ina. Kurt Vonnegut, yemwe mbiri yake inayamba pa November 11, 1922, anabadwira mumzinda wa Indianapolis.

Mwa njira, Kurt Vonnegut, yemwe mbiri yake ikugwirizana ndi mzinda uno, nthawi zambiri amatchula m'nkhani zake. Ndiko komwe Vonnegut ankakhala ndipo zambiri mwa zolemba zake zikuyamba. The biography of the author anayamba zaka zimenezo pamene mavuto padziko lapansi chinachitika ndipo vuto lalikulu anayamba. Kurt anabadwira m'banja lodziwikanso ndipo anali mwana wa zomangamanga. Koma, chifukwa chakuti padali kuvutika maganizo padziko lapansi, mkulu Vonnegut sakanakhoza kudzitamandira phindu lalikulu.

Zolemba za wolemba Vonnegut wachinyamata anayamba pamene adayamba kulemba nkhani. Kurt anatsogolera mndandanda m'manyuzipepala amodzi, ndikudziyesa ngati wolemba. Koma, ngakhale nthawi itakwana yoti asankhe sukulu yoti aphunzire, Kurt sanasankhe kusankha kwake kaya ku journalism kapena philology. Anapita kukalandira maphunziro ku Dipatimenti Yachilengedwe ya Cornell University, ku New York State. Mu kampani yophunzitsa imeneyi, Kurt anakhala zaka zitatu: kuchokera mu 1940 mpaka 1943. Mnyamatayo amatha kumaliza maphunziro ake mwamtendere, koma adaganiza kuti adzidule atamva za Pearl Harbor. Zitatha izi, Kurt anaganiza zolembera ku US Army ndipo anapita kukatumikira. Anamenyana ndi chaka, ndipo kuyambira pa 13 mpaka 14, 1945, adagwidwa ukaidi ndi wandende wa ku Germany. Pambuyo pake, Vonnegut anali atamangidwa ku Dresden, kundende. Pasanapite nthawi, ndendeyo inabomba mabomba a asilikali a Soviet ndi Kurt, pamodzi ndi ana asanu ndi mmodzi omwe anali akaidi ankhondo, omwe anathawa mozizwitsa, akubisala m'chipinda chapansi. Nkhani yonseyi inakhazikitsa maziko a buku lodziwika bwino lomwe limatchedwa "Slaughterhouse Five, kapena Crusade of Children." Kuchokera ku ukapolo Kurt anamasulidwa mu May 1945 ndipo nthawi yomweyo anabwerera ku United States of America.

Nkhondo itatha, Kurt anaganiza zopitiliza maphunziro ake. Koma, sankafunanso kukhala katswiri wa zamagetsi, choncho, anasankha zapamwamba "Anthropology" ndipo adalowa sukulu yapamwamba ya yunivesite ya Chicago. Pamene Kurt adaphunzira, sanaiwale za ntchito zake zolemba. Momwemo, adamuthandiza kupeza moyo, chakudya ndi zovala. PanthaƔi imeneyo, Kurt anali wolemba nkhani wandale m'nyuzipepala ya Chicago. Mu 1947, Vonnegut atsimikiza kuteteza ntchito ya mbuyeyo pa mutu wakuti "Kusagwirizana pakati pa zabwino ndi zoipa ndi nkhani zosavuta", koma, atatha kuteteza, dipatimentiyi inaganizira kuti ntchitoyo ndi yapamwamba ndipo silingayambe kupereka digiri ya master kwa wolembayo. Koma, zaka makumi angapo, Vonnegut adzalitsimikizirabe kuti iye ndi woyenera komanso woyenera. Ndi dipatimenti iyi yomwe imamupatsa digiri ya buku la "A Cradle for Cat", lomwe mu 1963 lidzagwedeza dziko lonse lapansi.

Koma, isanafike nthawi imeneyo, padakali zaka ndi zaka. Pakalipano, Kurt wa zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu anapita kukafunafuna ntchito ndipo anayamba ntchito "General Electric." Akugwira ntchito kumeneko, Kurt anazindikira kuti akufuna ndipo ayenera kuchita nawo zolemba. Chifukwa chake, kale mu 1950, nkhani yake yoyamba inalembedwa m'magazini, yotchedwa "Lembani za zotsatira za Barnhouse." Ndipo chaka chotsatira, wolemba kalatayi adasankha kuchoka ku kampaniyo, kumene sanangoganizira chabe ndipo anasamukira ku Massachusetts. Zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zotsatira zakhala za nthawi ya Kurt kufunafuna okha ndi njira zomwe angapeze. Iye anali kuchita ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Kwa kanthawi adaphunzitsa ku sukulu, kenako anayamba kugwira ntchito ngati wogulitsira magalimoto. Kwa zaka zambiri iye analemba zochepa zokha mu 1959 dziko lapansi adawona buku lake "Sirens of Titan". Ntchito imeneyi inali sitepe yoyamba ya Vonnegut kutchuka ndi kupambana. Pambuyo polemba bukuli, mlembi wamkuluyo adazindikira kuti ntchito yake inayamba kukula mofulumira.

Pambuyo pake, adalemba zambiri. Mabuku ake adazizwa ndi kufotokoza kwake, filosofi yakuzama ndi mafilosofi. Inde, tifunikira kukumbukira mosiyana za buku loti "Kukonza kwa kamba". Zitha kukhala chifukwa cha mtundu wa dystopia. Koma, mu ntchito iyi sikuti ndi dziko lokhalitsa, limene, makamaka, siliri loyenera. Komanso, bukuli linapanga filosofi yatsopano, linayambitsa mfundo zatsopano ndikuyankhula za tanthauzo la moyo m'njira yatsopano. "Kubereka kwa kamba" ndi nkhani ya zabwino ndi zoipa, za kugwirizana kwawo. Ndiponso kuti zopanga zaumunthu zingakhoze kuvulaza, ngakhale pachiyambi iwo anali okonzedwa ngati zinthu zomwe ziyenera kunyamula zabwino ndi kutithandiza. Pali nkhani zingapo m'mabuku ndi maulendo angapo, koma zimagwirizanitsidwa, chifukwa ziyenera kukhala choncho. Chifukwa chiyenera? Izi zikutanthauzira filosofi ndi ziphunzitso za Bokonon - munthu wanzeru, yemwe, pambuyo pake, akufotokozera protagonist tanthauzo lonse la kukhala ndi zomwe zikuchitika kwa iwo. Paulo ndi woona, "Kubzala katsi" - ichi ndizolemba zamakono za American, zomwe zimakupangitsani kuyang'ana dziko mosiyana.

Vonnegut anali ndi mabuku ambiri okongola. Pakati pao mungathe kusiyanitsa "Shaking Star", buku lomwe Vonnegut anamaliza chaka chimodzi asanamwalire, komanso, "Chakudya Chakudya Chamakono, kapena Kugona, Black Monday", "Small Not Missing", "Galapagos", "Focus-Puff". Koma, zitsanzo zonse za ntchito ya Vonnegut ndi zoyenera kuti anthu aziziwerenga ndikuyamikira luso la wolemba kufotokozera nzeru zake, malingaliro pa dziko lapansi ndi moyo, komanso kukambirana za zochitika zomwe adakumana nazo.

Kurt Vonnegut adalidi munthu wanzeru ndipo anakhala moyo wautali komanso wokondweretsa. Anamwalira pa April 11, 2007, ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu. Moyo wa wolemba unasokonezeka chifukwa cha ngozi. Anagwera ndikugwa panjira pafupi ndi nyumba yake. Kugwa kunayambitsa kuvulala kwa ubongo, ndipo kenako Kurt sakanatha kuchira. Wolembayo anaikidwa m'manda ndi ulemu wonse, ndipo chaka cha 2007 kumudzi kwawo ankatchedwa chaka cha Vonnegut.