Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunikira kwambiri pa matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi mankhwala a kervical pathologies. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti amayi 15 mpaka 50 mwa amayi 100, omwe amawawona mwa mayi wa amayi, ali ndi matenda a chiberekero a mtundu wina. Kawirikawiri, mavumbulutso omwe amavumbulutsidwa amayang'ana njira zowonongeka kapena zochitika (amayi oposa 80%).
Matenda a m'mbuyo ndi omwe samatsogolera ku chitukuko, komabe ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse ndi katswiri. Zitsanzo za matenda ngati amenewa ndi: erythroplasty, flat flat condylomas, leukoplakia, pusudo-erosions ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya majeremusi, polyps.
Ku gulu lachiwiri, ndiko kuti, kuteteza, kuphatikizapo matenda omwe angathe kukhala ndi khansa. Matenda amenewa ndi monga, madigiri onse a dysplasia.
Matenda omwe ali pachibelekero cha kutupa amakhala otalikirana ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Mitundu ya matenda
M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa matenda omwe amafala omwe amafunikira chithandizo komanso kufufuza nthawi zonse ndi katswiri:
- Kuwonongeka kwa chiberekero - kuwonongeka kwa chiwalo cha m'mimba, chomwe chimayang'aniridwa ndi chiberekero. Ndipotu matendawa ndi osowa kwambiri. Kutha kwa nthaka kumatenga kwa milungu iwiri, ndipo pamene zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa izo zimachiritsidwa kwathunthu. Ngati palibe mankhwala omwe analandira panthaŵi ya matendawa, ndiye kuti kutentha kwa nthaka kumakhala phokoso-kutentha, komwe kumatchedwa "kutentha kwa khola". Zomwe zimayambitsa zowonongeka koterozi zingakhale matenda a hormonal, kutupa, mitundu ina ya intrauterine, zotsatira za mankhwala. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti nthawi zina amai ali ndi zochitika za thupi, zomwe sizikusowa chithandizo ndi kupitilira payekha.
- Leukoplakia ndi chisindikizo chokhala ngati malo oyera.
- Mapuloteni ndi malo omwe ali ndi mapangidwe osiyana pamwamba kapena mu khola lachiberekero.
- Erythroplasty ndi malo ophwanya magazi mosavuta.
- Dysplasia ndi matenda omwe mumakhala chisokonezo pa kusasitsa kwa epithelium.
- Zilonda zapachibale ndi chimodzi mwa mawonetseredwe a papillomavirus yaumunthu.
Kuzindikira za matenda
Pali njira zingapo zowunikira:
- Colposcopy. Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kuphunzira za vaginito, chiberekero ndi ziwalo zogonana pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimapangitsa chinthu chomwe chimapanga colposcope nthawi makumi atatu.
- Chimake. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati, kuti mudziwe malo ena, kuwonjezeka kumafunikira kuposa colposcope. Njirayi imakulolani kuti muyike bwinobwino.
- Kuyezetsa kafukufuku wa mayiyu. Njirayi ikuphatikizapo kufufuza ndi katswiri wa ziwalo zofunikira komanso kufufuza mozama za smear. Kuyezetsa koteroko ndikofunikira kwa mkazi aliyense chaka chilichonse.
Chithandizo
Kuti apeze mankhwala oyenera, katswiri ayenera kudziwa chifukwa chake, chomwe chinapangitsa kuti chitukukocho chikule, ndipo ngati n'kotheka, chichotseni. Pambuyo pake, dokotala amasankha chithandizo choyenera kwambiri kwa wodwalayo. Nthaŵi zina kuchipatala ndi kokwanira kuchita mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, kusintha mahomoni kapena kuwonjezera chitetezo cha thupi (chitetezo chokwanira). Ngati chithandizo chotero sichikwanira, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito:
- Cauterization ndi solkovaginom - mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku gwero la matendawa. Iyi ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yothandiza.
- Makandulo ndi zitsulo, zomwe ndizo, mankhwala.
- Diathermoculation ndi njira ya cauterization. Zogula, ngakhale zili choncho, zingayambitse mavuto, kotero sizigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
- Kumangidwanso - mankhwala ndi nayitrogeni yamadzi. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kusokoneza phokoso ndi dysplasia. Iyi ndi njira yopweteka. Kuchiritsa ndi kukonzanso minofu kumachitika miyezi itatu.
- Opaleshoni ya laser ndi njira yomwe imalola kuthetsa mavuto ambiri.
- Njira yotulutsidwa pa wailesi ndi njira yamakono, yotetezeka, yothandiza; zovuta pambuyo poti mankhwala sakuchita.
Pomaliza, dziwani kuti chithandizo chilichonse chili ndi mphamvu ngati chimayambira pachiyambi cha matendawa.