Archetype ndi mawu apamwamba, chinachake monga chithunzi, chiwerengero cha matrix. Komabe, palinsobe lingaliro limodzi m'maganizo. Lingaliro la archetype linayambitsidwa ndi Carl Jung, "bambo" wachiwiri wa matenda a psychoanalysis, akufufuza zomwe munthu samadziwa. Anawona kuti kufotokoza kwa masomphenya a wodwalayo kumagwirizana ndi mafano ochokera kumanja akale (wodwala walembali sakanakhoza kudziwa). Kotero, "zithunzi" zofanana zomwe onse odwala-maganizo ndi amatsenga akale anafotokoza, ndipo Jung amachitcha kuti archetypes, kwinakwake alipo? Koma kuti?
Archetype - chithunzi cha umunthu chikhoza kukhala aliyense. Jung adayambitsa mawu a sayansi akuti "archetype", chifukwa m'madera awa omwe "anthu amakhala" akukhala ndi anthu osiyana, zipembedzo ndi malo a dziko lapansi akhoza kufotokozedwa pozindikira kuti kuli Mulungu ndi mphamvu zenizeni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magwero a archetypes kwa anthu , kapena kuwatcha mawu akuti "archetype ya chikumbumtima" ndikupereka "malo" ake kwa ana awo. Archetypes ya chidziwitso ndi zokongola kwambiri ndipo zikuwonetseredwa bwino m'mayiko osinthika (kuzindikira, kugonana, boma pakati pa kugona ndi chenicheni, mankhwala, mowa, etc.).
Zithunzi izi ndizopangika m'malingaliro a anthu a dziko lapansi, zimakhala zapadziko lonse kwa mbadwa komanso kwa munthu wotukuka, zimatha kusiyana mosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu fuko lirilonse mudzapeza lingaliro la "mphamvu yoipa" (Satana, etc.), "Mlengi" (Mulungu), "Mtumiki" (mngelo, mzimu, ndi zina), "mtumiki", "mayi" "" Mphunzitsi, "ndi zina zotero. Ndipo munthu amatha kulemba mosavuta zochitika za fano la zithunzi. Aliyense ali ndi chifaniziro cha mkati mwa mayi, ndipo aliyense adzanena kuti amayi amasamalira, amakonda, amateteza, amawononga, amawaphunzitsa komanso amawalanga - pang'onopang'ono (ngakhale amayi ake amachitira zinthu mosiyana - munthu wina, wankhanza kapena wosayenerera, khalidwe la mayiyo lidzaona ngati kuphwanya miyambo, kupatuka ku archetype yemweyo).
Kodi kusiyana kotani pakati pa archetype ndi "mtundu" womveka, "mtundu"? Mawu akuti "chigoba" akutanthauza "pamwamba". Izi ndizoti, "Archetype" ndi yowonjezera "mtundu". Pa zizindikiro zina (kumwa, kusuta, kulumbira, magalasi a magalasi), timagawira munthu ngati wozunza. A archetype ndi chinthu chosamvetseka kusiyana ndi mtundu womwe umakhala wapamwamba pamwambamwamba. Mwa kufotokoza mtundu wa ozunza, ife tikubwera ku archetype ya "zoipa, chiwonongeko, kupanduka" mpaka ku archetype ya "Satana". Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma archetype omwewo. Mwachitsanzo, archetype ya mphunzitsi: uwu ndi fanizo la munthu wophunzira wanzeru amene wadziŵa zina: chidziwitso, chomwe sichinafike kwa ophunzira ake. Mphunzitsiyo amagawana mwachidziwitso chidziwitso ichi, kufunsa wophunzirayo za chilango chake ndi malipiro ake.
Mphunzitsi ali chimodzimodzi, koma udindo wake ndi wosiyana, kusiyana pakati pa mphunzitsi ndi wophunzira ndi wamkulu, kupatula kulemekeza, mphunzitsi amachititsa kuti azimvera komanso akufunitsitsa kumvera chifuniro chake. Ndipotu, anthu onse amalota chikondi chomwecho, amayesetsa kuchita zomwezo, kuchitira ana awo mofanana ndi kuopa chinthu chomwecho. Ichi ndi -chikulu, makamaka - chirichonse chiri, kwambiri, chimadalira chikhalidwe ndi nthawi ya moyo, pa msinkhu wa munthu.
Archetype iliyonse, monga chiwonetsero cha chopanda kanthu, ili ndi mphamvu yina ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi. Archetype ikhoza kupereka mphamvu zake, koma ikhozanso kukhala kapolo. Tiyerekeze kuti munthu ali pafupi ndi mphunzitsi, ndiye kuti adzachita nawo mphunzitsi wamkulu wa moyo wake wonse: akhoza kukhala mphunzitsi wabwino mwiniwake: Kutaya mphunzitsi woipa, wodabwitsa; khalani mphunzitsi wabodza; moyo wanga wonse ndikuyang'ana mphunzitsi.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti sizingakhale zake zokha, koma, ngati chithumwa, adzathamangitsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa archetype. Mphamvu ya archetype sikuti imangopereka mphamvu, koma imagwiritsanso ntchito pojambula - pomwe munthuyo amathera, ndipo kumene kumayambira kumayambiriro - ndi kovuta kwambiri. Sitingathe kuchoka ku archetypes, iwo ndi gawo la moyo waumunthu. Kuphatikizana nawo, munthu amasiyidwa yekha. Mkhalidwe wodziwonera nokha mu malo ophatikizidwa bwino ukuwonetsedwa ndi psychology ya gulu. Khamu la mafani limagwidwa ndi lingaliro limodzi, malingaliro amodzi, ndikumverera kotereku ndi kolimba kwambiri moti kumasuntha munthu aliyense, pambali pa kanthawi. Kotero izo ziri ndi archetypes. Munthu akhoza kudzizindikiritsa yekha ndi wamatsenga kuti iye mwiniyo sadzazindikira komwe iye ali kapena kumene archetype ili. Mwachitsanzo, mbale akapha mlongo "wovulazidwa" ku Chechens chifukwa amanyansidwa ndi banja lake, amagwira ntchito ngati kapolo wa msilikali "membala woyenera wa fuko la anthu," mosasamala kanthu za momwe akumvera iye, chifukwa sangathe kutsutsana ndi "mtundu" umenewu anthu ".
Munthu akhoza kumverera kuti ali pafupi kwambiri ndi archetype, amati, mchiritsi, ndipo munthu wotereyo akhoza kukhala dokotala wabwino. Koma, ngati pali zovuta, ndiye kuti ayesa kukhala dokotala ndi komweko, kumene mukuyenera kudwala, bambo, wokondedwa kapena wogonjetsa.