Kufotokozera.
Belladonna (apo ayi - belladonna) ndi herbaceous osatha, woimira banja la Solanaceae. Zambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya zomera, ziwiri ndizofala - belladonna wa Caucasus ndi belladonna wamba (kunja mofanana).
Chomeracho chimakula kufika mamita awiri, chiri ndi mizu yambiri yamitu ndi nthambi yaikulu. Mitengo yambiri ndi yowuma, imakhala yobiriwira, yobiriwira, yowonongeka, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Maluwa amafupika, osungulumwa, otsika, ang'onoang'ono, ovekedwa ndi belu. Maluwa a maluwawo ali ndi masamba asanu a brownish-violet. Chipatso ndi kukoma wakuda, kowala, kokoma kwambiri kwa mabulosi ndi mbewu zambiri, kukumbukira yamatcheri kapena yamatcheri. Mphukira kuyambira kumayambiriro mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, zipatso za mbewuzo zipsa mu July.
Mimba zambiri zomwe zimapezeka ku Western Europe, Crimea, Moldova, Ukraine. Belladonna ya Caucasus imakula ku Stavropol ndi Krasnodar Territories, ku Iran ndi madera osiyanasiyana a Caucasus. Mitundu ina ya belladonna, yosiyana ndi maluwa achikasu, imakula mumadera otentha.
Pa minda ku Krasnodar Krai chomeracho chikulima ngati mankhwala chomera. Chifukwa cha zida za poizoni sizigwiritsidwe ntchito m'ma mankhwala owerengeka.
Mitengo ya zomera.
M'mawonekedwe a belladonna, alkaloids a zovuta zotchedwa tropane ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito. Zina mwa izo, yaikulu ndi hyoscyamine, yomwe, chifukwa cha kupatukana ndi zipangizo, imasinthidwa pang'ono kuti iwonongeke.
Bladladonna imakhalanso ndi zinthu zina zambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito: apoatropin, chiwombankhanga - belladonin, scopolamine, chiwombankhanga - hyoscine, ndi ena. Ma alkaloid awa ali m'madera onse a chomera, koma zomwe zimakhala zokhutira ndi masamba ndi mizu. Monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo, tsamba la belladonna limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Toxic ndi mbali zonse za zomera.
Zothandiza za mbewu.
Zokonzekera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo bladladonna chomera, zingachepetse chitetezero cha kutsekemera kwa mitundu yosiyana siyana: zilonda zam'mimba, chapamimba, thukuta, salivary, bronchial, ndi kusungunuka kwa mitsempha. Amachepetsa matenda a spasmodic a minofu yosalala ya m'mimba, ndulu ndi bile ducts.
Zomwe zimakhudza mtima zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Zonsezi ndi zabwino (kumapangitsanso kupititsa patsogolo mitsempha ya mtima wa mtima kuchokera ku atrium), komanso kuipa.
Kukhoza kwa belladonna kufotokozera kwambiri ophunzira pamene atapatsidwa adapeza ntchito mu mankhwala pofufuza ndalama. Izi zimawonjezera kupanikizika kwa m'mimba ndi kusokoneza kutuluka kwa intraocular fluid.
Zoipa za belladonna.
Chomerachi n'chosavuta poizoni. Kuuma ndi kuyaka mkamwa ndi mmero, mawu osasangalatsa, osamva bwino pamene akumeza ndi kumveka mawu, akutsitsa ophunzira omwe samayankha, kuwala kumtima: zonsezi ndi zizindikiro za poizoni.
Pali mpweya wochepa, kutentha kumatuluka, khungu limakhala bluish, kutupa pamaso, miyendo ndi mtsogolo. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zizindikiro (zizindikilo zozizwitsa: zobiriwira, zowala, zofiira (makoswe, ziwanda) ndi delirium (kusadziŵa zochitika, zochitika, khalidwe la ena). Pambuyo poyamba poizoni, pamakhala chisokonezo, chisangalalo chimasokonekera. Thandizani munthu woteroyo, adzafa chifukwa cha kumangidwa kwa mtima ndi kupuma.
Sungani mmimba ndikupatsa mapiritsi angapo a makala oyengedwa - chinthu choyamba choti muchite poizoni wa belladonna. Popanda thandizo lachipatala, zimakhala zovuta kupirira poizoni wotero, motero n'kofunika kuyitanira ambulansi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito belladonna mu mankhwala.
Mu mankhwala mungagule mankhwala angapo, omwe akuphatikizanso belladonna: ndi mchere wa belladonna wakuda, kutuluka kwa belladonna, ndi kuchotsa bell. Ntchito yawo, makamaka, imagwirizanitsidwa ndi antispasmodic properties: ndi zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda zam'mimba, cholelithiasis, mphuno ya khate, renal colic ndi matenda ena omwe amatsatizana ndi minofu ya ziwalo zamkati.
Pofuna kudziŵa, kukonzekera kwa belladonna kumagwiritsidwa ntchito musanayambe kufotokozera ndalama za fundus (kuphunzirira panthaŵi imodzimodziyo ndikuwonjezera ndalama).
Mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito belladonna amatsutsana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa prostate gland, kuchulukanso kwa intraocular (glaucoma), kuphwanya kwakukulu mu ntchito ya mtima ndi matenda ena ambiri. Kulekerera kwa wina ndi mnzake kumatsutsana ndi ntchito.
Pa nthawi ya mankhwala ndi mankhwala, belladonna ayenera kupewa kuyendetsa galimoto ndikuchita zinthu zomwe zimafuna masomphenya abwino ndikuwonjezereka.
Belladonna ndi owopsa wobirira therere. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha polemba mankhwala omwe agula pa pharmacy.