Lero tikufuna kukuuzani za munthu wapadera wa m'ma 1900. Wolemba wa ana a Charlotte Bronte akuphatikizidwa nthawi zonse m'mabuku a padziko lapansi. Mbiri yotchuka inam'patsa buku lakuti "Jane Eyer". Chigawo china, amalankhula za tsoka la mwana m'dziko lachikulire.
Chilengedwe cha mlembi wa ana Charlotte Bronte chinali chozizwitsa komanso chodabwitsa pa chitukuko cha Chingerezi.
Mwana wamkazi wa wansembe wosauka komanso wambirimbiri, Sh. Brontë anakhala moyo wake wonse (1816-1855) m'mudzi wa Yorkshire. Ku sukulu ya ana osauka, adalandira maphunziro apamwamba, koma amapitiriza kuwonjezera pa moyo wake wonse poŵerenga ndi kuphunzira zinenero. Moyo wake ndi njira ya wogwira ntchito mwakhama, kuyesetsabe kulimbana ndi chisoni ndi umphawi. Mayi ake ndi alongo ake awiri atamwalira, iye adakali wamkulu m'nyumbayo ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi zinayi zokha. Pofuna kupeza moyo wake, adakakamizidwa kuti azigwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaying'ono kunyumba ya mwini nyumbayo ndipo adziwona yekha manyazi onse omwe amalankhula momasuka m'kamwa mwa a heroines m'mabuku ake.
Bambo wa Charlotte ali mnyamata adasindikiza zolemba zambiri za ndakatulo zake. Mlongo Charlotte, Emily, analemba buku lakuti "Wuthering Heights", ndi mlongo wina, Anna, ngakhale mabuku awiri, ngakhale kuti mabukuwa ndi ofooka kwambiri kuposa ntchito za Charlotte ndi Emily. Mchimwene wawo anali kukonzekera kukhala wojambula. Ali mwana, onsewo analemba ndakatulo ndi mabuku, ndipo analemba magazini. Mu 1846 alongowo adatulutsa mndandanda wa ndakatulo pachabe. Koma, ngakhale kuti anali ndi talente, moyo wawo unali wolemera kwambiri.
Anawo ankachitidwa mwathunthu m'banja, osapereka chisomo kwa thupi. Chakudya chawo chinali cha Spartan kwambiri, nthawi zonse ankavala zovala zakuda. Bambo Charlotte akudandaula za tsogolo la ana aakazi. Zinali zofunikira kuwapatsa maphunziro kuti, ngati kuli koyenera, azikhala ngati aphunzitsi kapena aphunzitsi. M'chaka cha 1824, alongo a Charlotte amapita ku sukulu yotsika mtengo ndipo ali ndi bolodi lonse ku Cowan Bridge: Maria ndi Elizabeth. Patatha milungu ingapo, Charlotte wazaka zisanu ndi zitatu, kenako Emily.
Kukhala ku Bridge Bridge kunali kovuta kwa Charlotte. Iyo inali yanjala kwambiri ndi yozizira. Apa iye anayamba kulawa kupsinjika kwa kusowa thandizo. Maso ake, Maria adamuzunza kwambiri, yemwe adakwiyitsa mphunzitsiyo chifukwa cha maganizo ake osadziwika, osadziwika bwino komanso atasiya ntchito.
Nkhanza zowononga komanso zowonongeka mwamsanga zinapangitsa kuti pakhale mapeto aakulu. Mu February, Mary anatumizidwa kunyumba, mu May adamwalira. Kenaka ndikutembenuka kwa Elizabeth, amenenso anali ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri.
Tsopano panali alongo atatu, koma mwinamwake zinachitikira kuti Emily ndi Ann adzipanga mgwirizano wawo wapadera "wawiri", ndipo Charlotte anakhala pafupi ndi Branwell. Onse anayamba kufalitsa magazini ya kunyumba kwa achinyamata, kukopeka kuchokera ku Blackwood Magazine. Vuto la kukhazikitsidwa kwa ana aakazi kwa Patrick Bronte silinathetsere, koma tsopano anali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndipo ankafuna kupereka Charlotte, yemwe anali wamkulu m'banja, kupita ku bungwe la maphunziro aumunthu. Awa anali Sukulu Yoyendetsera Alongo Osauka. Ndalama zophunzitsa maphunziro zinali zazikulu, koma mulungu Charlotte anabwera kudzathandiza, ndipo, ndi mtima, wamasiye anachoka ku Rowhead.
Charlotte ankawoneka wosadabwitsa kwa atsikana. Koma zonsezi sizinayime kuti awonetsere Charlotte mwakachetechete komanso molimba mtima, chifukwa adawoneka kuti anali wolimbikira ntchito komanso wogwira ntchito. Pasanapite nthawi anayamba kukhala wophunzira kusukulu, koma ngakhale apo sanali kucheza naye.
Mu 1849, alongo ndi mchimwene wa Charlotte amafa ndi chifuwa chachikulu, ndipo amakhala yekha ndi abambo akale ndi odwala. Sizinali zophweka kwa msungwana wosauka ndi wamdima wochokera kudera lina lakutali kuti akalowe muzinthu. Buku lake loyamba, The Teacher (1846), silinavomerezedwe ndi wofalitsa aliyense. Koma patapita chaka, buku lolembedwa "Jane Eyre" (1847) linali lofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa ku England. Makina opanga maburgeois anagwedeza mwatsatanetsatane bukuli chifukwa cha mzimu wopanduka, koma anali mzimu wopandukawu umene unapangitsa dzina la wolemba kudziwika kwambiri ndi wokondedwa mwa demokalase. Panthawi yosindikizidwa ndi "Shirley" (1849), England onse ankadziwika ndi dzina la Kerrer Bell - pseudonym yomwe Sh. Brontë anatulutsa "Jane Eyre". Kerrer Bell ndi dzina la mwamuna, ndipo kwa nthawi yaitali owerenga samadziwa kuti mkazi anali kubisala kumbuyo kwake. Wolembayo anayenera kunyenga, chifukwa anali otsimikiza kuti bulugeoisi wa Chinyengo cha Chingerezi amutsutsa ntchito zake chifukwa chakuti zinalembedwa ndi mkazi.
Bronte anali atadziwapo kale izi: ngakhale asanatuluke mndandanda, adatumiza kalata ndi ndakatulo zake kwa ndakatulo Robert Southey. Anamuuza kuti mabuku si ntchito ya akazi; Mzimayi, malingaliro ake, ayenera kupeza chisangalalo m'banja ndi kulera ana. [2.3, 54]
Shirley, Bronte adalemba buku la "Vilette" (1853), pomwe adamuuza za nthawi yake yochepa ku Brussels komwe adaphunzira ndi kugwira ntchito m'nyumba yogona kuti atsegule sukulu yake. Ntchitoyi ku Bourgeois England ingapatse wolembayo ufulu wambiri. Koma cholinga sichinali choti chichitike.
Ku Russia, ntchito ya S. Bronte imadziwika kuyambira zaka 50 za m'zaka za zana la XIX. Mabaibulo a mabuku ake onse anafalitsidwa m'magazini a Chirasha a nthawi; Ntchito zovuta zambiri zinaperekedwa kwa iye.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi chotchuka ndi buku la Sh. Bronte "Jane Eyre". Mbiri ya moyo wa Jane Eyre ndi chipatso cha zongopeka, koma dziko lapansi la zochitika zake zamkati zili pafupi ndi Brontë. Nkhaniyo, yomwe imachokera kwa munthu wa heroine, ikuwonekera momveka bwino. Ndipo ngakhale kuti Bronte mwiniwake, mosiyana ndi heroine wake, yemwe adadziŵa ululu wonse wa ana amasiye ndi chakudya cha anthu ena kuyambira ali mwana, anakulira m'banja lalikulu, atazungulira ndi mchimwene wake ndi alongo - chikhalidwe cha maluso, iye, monga Jane Eyre, adayenera kupulumuka okondedwa ake onse .
Bronte anamwalira ali ndi zaka makumi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu, akubisa mchimwene wake ndi alongo ake, osadziŵa zokondweretsa zaukwati ndi ubale, zomwe adazipatsa mowolowa manja dzina lake heroine.