Charles Edouard Le Corbusier si katswiri chabe wa zomangamanga zachi French, komanso wojambula, komanso wolemba. Iye ndiye amene adathandizira kupanga chitukuko chamakono, pamene adaganiza kuti asiye mitundu yonse ya mbiriyakale ndi miyambo yojambula. Katswiri wa zomangamanga wapamwamba anali ntchito yomwe adachita kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20. Imeneyi inali njira yodzikongoletsera yokongoletsera nyumba. Ndondomekoyi inapatsidwa dzina - ntchito.
Le Corbusier anali ndi anthu otchuka, akuti, "nyumbayo, ngati galimoto yokhalamo, ikuwonetsa aesthetics ofotokoza ukhondo". Ndi mawu omwewo, Charles Edward Le Corbusier anatsimikizira zonse zomwe zikuchitika komanso maonekedwe abwino omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikika. Ndilo lingaliro la ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera ndikuwonetseratu zithumwa zonse za kalembedwe. Choncho, pakupanga maonekedwe a malo okhala, wolembayo anakhala wosasinthasintha wosasunthika wa mawonekedwe ndi zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomanga kapangidwe ka ntchito, kunali kofunikira kudziwa ntchito yake yoyambirira ndikupanga kuti zinthu zisakhale zoonekera, mitundu, ngakhale kuwala kwake ndi kuwonetsetsa, komanso sizinagwirizane ndipo sizinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu wa makoma ndi pansi.
Limodzi la malamulo a Le Corbusier sikuti analenga nyumba yokhayokha, koma amaperekanso malo apamwamba kwambiri, kenako - kupanga mapangidwe oyenera. Wolemba wa kalembedweyo amakhulupirira kuti zomangamanga, monga fano, ziyenera kukhala popanda kudzazidwa kapena zozokongoletsera zosafunikira. Malo ndi nthawi ziyenera kukhazikitsa mgwirizano umodzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo ziwonetsedwe ndi munthu mwamphamvu.
Poyamba, wolembayo anapanga ntchito yofanana kwambiri ndi yopanda nzeru kusiyana ndi kalembedwe katsopano. Koma kupitabe patsogolo kunayamba kukula mofulumira ndipo kunatengera zabwino ndi khalidwe. Zinakhala zosavuta, zosavuta, zothandiza, ergonomic, pulasitiki. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu pakukhazikitsa malo ndizozitsitsimutso za mkati mwazomwe zidapangidwa ndi chitonthozo chake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbali yamkati ya nyumbayo inayenera kugwira ntchito, komanso pa nthawi yomweyo, pamtundu wachiwiri, zinthu zokongoletsedwa ndi zinthu zina.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kwa mlembi chinali kusunga kuwala kwachilengedwe. Choncho m'nyumba za Le Corbusier mawindo ayenera kugawidwa motere: chipinda - kummawa, chipinda chokwanira (khitchini) - kumbali ya kumwera, maofesi, zipinda za ntchito yowerenga ndi kulemba - kumpoto. Kutentha kwapadera, ndikopambana kufikira kuwonetseratu kwapadera kwa malo powapatsa malo mothandizidwa ndi miyezi ya dzuwa. Maonekedwe a Le Corbusier amatanthauza kuti pakhale kuwala kwazing'ono osati chifukwa cha mawindo akuluakulu komanso owala bwino, kupatulapo, zoyera kapena zoyera, zomwe zimakhala ndi maziko ofunika, zingapangitse zotsatirapozo ndi kupatsa chipinda kukula kwakukulu.
Kusunga danga kumapindula kudzera mu dongosolo lapadera la kusungirako. Ndipo izi zimamangidwa muzipinda zowonongeka, zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa masitepe, ndi zina zotero. Njira zosavutazi zimathandiza kupulumutsa malo ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipindachi mogwira ntchito.
Mawindo ofunika ndi nthawi. Ayeneranso kumvetsera mwatcheru ndikusankha komwe angapezeke ndi zomwe azikongoletsa. Mu chipinda muyenera kumangirira ndi kuunikira, ndikuzindikiritseni njira zomwe zimagwirira ntchito. Kumbukirani kuti mawonekedwe a backlight ali ndi chidziwitso china: ayenera kulimbikitsa totes ndi zotsatira zosiyana ndikupindula ndi zokometsera kapena khalidwe labwino.
Koma musamawononge zokongoletsera kuti mupangenso malo onse. Njira iyi ingangowonjezera bwino, ndi bwino kugwirizanitsa bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi kuyenda bwino kwathunthu, komanso mbali zake zonse. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kukonza mipando kuchokera ku nsalu zotsika mtengo, kuti muzisunga bajeti. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo muyenera kusankha nsalu yapamwamba ndikuwona kuchuluka kwake kumaphatikizapo mapangidwe a nyumbayo. Zogwira ntchito sizimagwirizananso ndi nsalu zamtengo wapatali komanso zamtengo wapatali kapena zowonjezera, zokongoletsera zamaluwa ndi zina. Zokongoletsera izi sizolondola ndipo zimapangitsa kuti asamve kukoma.
Kupatula kusiyana kwa malo kapena kupatukana pang'ono, mungagwiritse ntchito njira zotsatirazi: "makoma osakhalitsa", zojambula zosiyanasiyana, masamulo, makatani kapena makhungu.
Ngakhale kuti kalembedwe kameneka ndi kosalekeza komanso kowoneka bwino, ntchitoyi sichikondweretsa chisangalalo kwambiri popanga zinthu zamkati. Mtengo umakhudzidwa ndi zomwe sizomwe zimakhazikitsidwa potsata ndondomeko, komanso ntchito zomwe zaikidwa pamaso pa akatswiri, ndi zina zotero. Ngati mwasankha kukonzekera polojekiti yanu payekha, muyenera kuganizira kuti wopanga ntchitoyo akuyenera kukhala ndi ntchito zambiri. Choncho, katswiri asanakhale ndi tanthawuzo lokonzekera dongosolo loyenera la zomangamanga, zipangizo, zinthu zamkati ndi zipangizo.
Malamulo oyendetsera malo oti malo ogona azikhalamo monga Le Corbusier
Kuti mupange maonekedwe okongola kapena osangalatsa a nyumba yanu ku Le Corbusier, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapadera. Iwo sayenera kuima mochuluka kwambiri ndi kukopa chidwi, musaganizire pa nkhani inayake, monga momwe zilili mu mafashoni ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mungabweretse kulembetsa kwa mlendo m'njira yoyenera. Choncho, muyenera kumvetsera masamulo a makompyuta, makabati kapena zikhomo za zojambulazo zojambula mu mitundu yakuda ndi yofiira. Zinthu izi zidzakhala bwino kwambiri ndi zipangizo zoyang'aniridwa: matabwa a ceramic, mapuloteni ndi matayala a mapaipi, opangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyana.
Kuti mupange chipinda chokongola, khalani matebulo awiri a khofi. Ngati n'kotheka, gulani matebulo omwe adzakhala ophatikizika komanso opangidwa ndi magalasi owonekera. Koma chipindachi chimafunikanso kuti chikhale chokongola, kotero chokongoletsera ndi zomera za mkati. Tengani mitundu yonyansa yokha ya zomera, zomwe zidzakupangitsani kupanga chodziletsa ndi kuphweka, ndipo zidzakonzedwa bwino pakuzisamalira.
Kusunga kuunikira kwachilengedwe n'kofunika. Yesetsani kuchita popanda nsalu zolimba komanso zolemetsa pokonza chipinda. Mitundu yakuda imapewa bwino, ndipo imalowetsedwa ndi makatani a kuwala kosakanikirana ndi mpweya, zomwe zingalole kuti chipinda chikhale ndi dzuwa. Musapitirire ndi kuwononga zophimba ndi nsalu, mabala ochepa ndi mikwingwirima idzakhala pa iwo, bwino.
Kuti mupange chipinda chosungira, gwiritsani ntchito zovala zomangira. Aloleni kuti azikongoletsedwa ndi zida zamtengo wapatali. Pa nkhaniyi mudzakhala oyenerera kupanga kapangidwe ndi kokongola. Lolani kukhala lilac kapena, ngati simukukonda mitundu yowala kwambiri, ndi imvi tinge. Mothandizidwa ndi sofa mukhoza kuona mapu kuti apumule. Gawo lotsiriza lidzagonana. Pansi pazofotokozedwa mkatikati, mawonekedwe a ceramic matabwa ndi beige tints kapena kuwala bulauni granite matayala ndi abwino.