Anatomy of thinking
Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana ya kukumbukira, yomwe imasiyana, poyamba, ndi nthawi yosungiramo zidziwitso. Kukumbukira kanthawi kochepa ndikumatha kusungira uthenga m'mutu mwanu kuchokera ku masekondi pang'ono mpaka maola angapo. Chikhoza kufanizidwa ndi bolodi lamasiti, limene timagwiritsira ntchito mfundo zofunikira nthawiyi. Pambuyo pake, ngati ubongo umawona kuti ndi kofunikira, zina mwazomwezi zimapita kumapeto kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo gawo lichotsedwa. Kukumbukira kanthawi kochepa kumathandiza kwambiri kuganiza: kumatengapo mbali muzowerengera m'maganizo, kumangidwe kwa zilembo zamakono, zolankhula. Mwa kuchuluka kwa anthu, mawu ochepa a kukumbukira ndi 7+ - 2 zinthu zosiyana siyana (mafanizo, mawu, zithunzi, phokoso). Kuyeza kukumbukira kwa "ntchito" kukumbukira sikumakhala kovuta: lembani mawu omwe mumakhala nawo osachepera 10, awwerenge ndikuyesera kuberekanso kuchokera koyamba. Muzochitika zina (kuyimitsa pamtima, kubwereza, kukongoletsa maganizo, ndi zina zotero), chidziwitso chimatumizidwira mmenemo kuchokera kwa kanthawi kochepa, kumene chingasungidwe kwa zaka zambiri. Kwa anthu, mphamvu ya kukumbukira nthawi yaitali ikhoza kukhala yosiyana kwambiri.
Zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la kukumbukira kukumbukira ndi izi:
1. Khalidwe lachilendo limayamba chifukwa chogwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso kapena matenda;
2. Kuphulika kwa ubongo wa ubongo, womwe umawonedwa ndi chizungulire, kusagwirizana, "ntchentche" pamaso;
Zifukwa zamatsutso: nkhawa, kusonkhana kwadzidzidzi.
Matenda ovuta kwambiri a kukumbukira angayambitse matendawa, kupweteka kwa chiwindi, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kusowa kwa vitamini B1, poizoni ya carbon monoxide.
Maganizo ndi malingaliro
Sizobisika kuti zochitika ndi maonekedwe okongola (mawu akuti "chikondi", "chimwemwe") amakumbukiridwa bwino kuposa momwe salowerera. Komabe, ichi sichoncho chokha chomwe chikugwirizana pakati pa kukumbukira ndikumverera.
Kubwereza
Chochitika chomwe chakukhudzani kwambiri m'malingaliro, mumachibwereza mobwerezabwereza kwa kanthawi. Choncho, ndi bwino kukumbukira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutangopita ku kanema, ndiye kuti muzaka zingapo simungakumbukire za izo. Ndi nkhani ina ngati moto unayambira mu cinema panthawiyi. Kusungidwa kwa malingaliro otere kumakhudza mahomoni a adrenaline ndi norepinephrine, omwe amapezeka panthawi yachisokonezo chachikulu. Nkhawa zingakhale zolepheretsa kubwereza kukumbukira. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha izi ndikuiwala pazovuta monga zofufuza kapena msonkhano wofunikira.
Mtheradi Wotsatira
Kukumbukira kumagwira bwino kwambiri pa zochitika, njira ndi njira zothandizira kukumbukira, zomwe zikufanana ndi zomwe kukumbukira kukuchitika. Izi zikutanthauza kukumbukira kukumbukira kwa munthu yemwe akupezeka kumudzi kwawo.
Mu kuya kwa moyo wanga
Kuwonjezera pa chikumbumtima, kukumbukira kumatha kusunga zomwe zimatchedwa kukumbukira. Nthawi zina zochitika kapena zochitika zimapangitsa munthu kukhala ndi zowawa kwambiri zomwe amadziwa kuti "amawakana", amawaponyera pamtima. Zingaliro zoterezi zingapitirize kukhudza miyoyo yathu. Mwachitsanzo, mayi yemwe adapulumuka kugonana ali wamng'ono angakumane ndi mavuto mu gawo la kugonana. Pali njira yomwe imakulolani kuti "muyang'ane" zoterezo, kuziwerenganso, kapena kutaya zochitika zina. Izi zimapangitsa kupweteka kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Koma kodi tiyenera kuyesa kuchotsa zolakwika zomwe takumana nazo pamtima? Pali njira yapadera yomwe ingakhudzire ubongo pofuna kuchotsa chidziwitso chosafunikira. Makamaka, kuponderezedwa. Koma n'zosatheka kufotokozera kuti "kuchotsa" izi kukumbukira. Choncho, ndi bwino kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo iliyonse kwa inu nokha.
Kukumbukira moyo wakale
Chimodzi mwa zochitika zochititsa chidwi ndi zozizwitsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukumbukira ndi chomwe chimatchedwa "deja vu" (zikuwoneka kuti munthuyo anali atadziwapo kale kale, akhoza kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zochitika za masekondi angapo otsatira). Akatswiri amanena kuti anthu 97% amadziwa chodabwitsa ichi. Mpaka pano, asayansi alibe chidziwitso chodziwika cha zomwe "deja vu" ali. Ena amakhulupirira kuti zimachitika ngati kutumiza uthenga kumalo apamwamba a ubongo kumachepetsa (mwachitsanzo, pamene watopa). Zina zimachokera ku lingaliro losiyana ndilo: ubongo wopuma bwino mwamsanga zimagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chomwe chimadziwika ngati kale. Kulephera kwa kufotokozera molondola kwachititsa kuti ambiri azitha kuona zozizwitsa izi komanso zozizwitsa. Pali lingaliro limene "tawonapo kale" ndilo lomwe liri m'kati mwa chikumbukiro chathu chachibadwa, ndiko, kukumbukira moyo wa makolo athu. Ena amagwirizanitsa ndi kubadwanso kwatsopano kwa moyo.
Njira ya kukumbukira ndi Franz Lezer
Katswiri wa Chijeremani mukumbukira komanso kuwerenga mofulumira Franz Lezer akumasula mbali zisanu ndi chimodzi zozikumbutsa, zomwe zilizonse zingagwiritsidwe bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera.
Kuzindikira kwa chidziwitso kupyolera mu mphamvu
Kuti mukumbukire bwino, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zomveka (onani, kumvetsera, kukhudza). Ndipo ngakhale kuti aliyense wa ife ali ndi "ozama" ena a malingaliro, maphunziro angapangidwe ndi ena. Kotero, ngati mutseka maso anu, yesani kumva bwino, kumverera fungo ndikukhudza kwambiri mwamphamvu.
Kusamalitsa chidwi
Chitani ntchito yosavuta. Awerengeni powerengera makalata angapo akuti "a" mu chiganizo chotsatira: "Kukumbukira kumafuna chidwi." Ndipo tsopano ndiuzeni, ndichuluka bwanji mu chiganizo ichi ... makalata "n"? Kuganizira chinthu chimodzi, nthawi zambiri timanyalanyaza zina. Otsogolera ojambula, mwachitsanzo, kuphunzitsa mozama, yesetsani kuloweza pamtima zinthu zambiri za chirengedwe monga momwe zingathere, zomwe zimayenera kuchoka pamtima.
"Kumangirira" zomwe mukudziwa kale
Chidziwitso chatsopano chatsopano chimatha kugwirizana ndi zomwe mumadziwa kale. Zingakhale, mwachitsanzo, kugwirizana kwa oyanjana. Chitsanzo chowonekera ndicho kuphunzira mau akunja. Mungathe kugwirizanitsa chigawo chatsopano kwa inu chimodzimodzi kuchokera ku chinenero chanu, kapena ganizirani momwe mawuwa angayang'anire (mtundu wanji, mawonekedwe) angakhale akukhudza kapena kulawa.
Kubwereza ndi zosokoneza
Kukumbukiridwa ndikumvetsetsa. Kumvetsetsa kwa izi kumapangitsa kuti mmalo mwachinthu chopangidwira chisokonezekanso mukamapezanso chidziwitso kuti mupeze chinachake chatsopano mmenemo, kuti mupange kufotokoza kwakukulu kwa nkhaniyo.
Kuiwala
Musawope kuiwala, koma kuchoka "mapeto a chingwe" omwe munamangiriza chidziwitso ku chidziwitso chomwe muli nacho kale. Mwachitsanzo, lembani machaputala mwachidule m'buku, kulemba, kulembetsani zolemba.
Kumbukirani
Ngati mutatsatira malangizowo omwe ali pamwambawa, simudzakhala ndi vuto ndi "kukumbukira" chidziwitso. Akatswiri amakhulupirira: ndi kuphunzitsidwa mwachizolowezi, ngakhale pulogalamuyo ikulembedwa popanda kudziyimira, kukumbukira kuti kukumbukira kukuthandizani. Njira izi zidzakuthandizani kukhala ndi luso lokumbukira zambiri ndi bwino.
Kusamalitsa chidwi
Franz Lezer akulimbikitsa kuti cholinga cha maphunziro chifotokoze chithunzi, nthawi zonse chimafotokoza. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungathe kubwerezedwa ndi zinthu zosokoneza (monga phokoso).
Masanjano
Kukumbutsa manambala. Lembani manambala 20 ndipo muwaphatikize ndi anthu ena kapena zinthu zina (mwachitsanzo, chifaniziro 87 - mkazi wodzaza ndi munthu woyenera, fanizo 5 limamveka ngati kakombo wa chigwa, etc.). Ndiye yesetsani kuwubwezeretsa mu kukumbukira. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumafunika kubwerezedwa ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana tsiku ndi tsiku, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera chiwerengero chawo ndi kutalika kwake. Kukumbukira mayina. Ngati n'zovuta kukumbukira mayina, yesetsani kugwirizana pakati pa dzina ndi maonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo, Alexander ali ndi mphuno lakuthwa, yofanana ndi kalata "A", Olga ili ndi zosalala, "zozungulira". Kukumbutsa zamatsatanetsatane. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusonkhana ndi zochitika zonse, ndikukonzerani malingaliro omwe mumapezeka mumsewu wodziwika bwino. Poganizira momwe mukuyendera, mukukumbukira mawu omwe mukufuna.
Kubwereza mofuula
Ngati mukufuna kukumbukira zomwe zimamveka pazokambirana, yesetsani kuyankhula momveka bwino pakapita kanthawi, mwachitsanzo, kubwereranso ku mutu ndikufunsa funso lofotokozera. Njira yomweyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuloweza maina: mwa kutchula munthu dzina lake kangapo panthawi yokambirana, mudzakumbukira kwa nthawi yaitali.
Tsiku lililonse, phunzirani kachigawo kakang'ono ka ndime (ndime 2-3) motere:
1) werengani mutuwu kamodzi kapena kawiri;
2) kuswa izo mu zidutswa zothandiza;
3) Bweretsani kangapo, kuyang'ana pa iye. Chiwerengero cha kubwereza koteroko chiyenera kukhala 50% kuposa chiwerengero chomwe chimafunikila kuwonako koyamba kopanda pake. Bwerezani zomwezo tsiku lotsatira (osati kale kuposa maola 20).
Maganizo ena omwe amawoneka kuti akuchitika ndi kukumbukira mwakhama. Mwachitsanzo, usiku uliwonse, mwatsatanetsatane, kumbukirani kukumbukira zinthu zonse zomwe zinakuchitikirani tsikulo, kuyesa kukumbukira zambiri momwe mungathere (momwe wothandizirayo anali atavala, mtundu wa foni muzokambirana). Nthawi zambiri, gwiritsani ntchito mnemotechnical (osagwirizana ndi zomwe zili pamtima). Chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zotchuka kwambiri ndi mawu akuti: "Wosaka aliyense amafuna kudziwa komwe pheasant ili." Kawiri kawiri kambiranani nokha. Kutsogoleredwa ndi lamulo lalikulu la ntchito ya m'maganizo: tulutsani mwa kusintha kalasi, osati kupyolera mu zosayenera. Njira zina zozikumbutsa ndi kuchita mwakhama. Phatikizani kuloweza pamtima ndi machitidwe ena opangira mawonekedwe: kuyenda, kugwedeza, kutsitsa.
Kukonza
Ubongo waumunthu umatetezera bwino kudziwa ngati kugwirizana kumakhazikitsidwa pakati pa ziwalo zake. Tangoganizani zochitika ziwiri zooneka ngati zosagwirizana, ndiyeno yesani kupanga mgwirizano pakati pawo. Mwachitsanzo:
1. Vasya anali atachedwa kugwira ntchito maola 2.5.
2. Madzulo tinasankha msonkhano. Chitsanzo cha mgwirizano wogwirizana: Vasya sakhala nthawi yambiri yogwira ntchito. "Kuchedwa kwake ndi chinthu chosayembekezereka." - Msonkhanowo unasankhidwa mwadzidzidzi. Franz Lezer akunena chitsanzo chotere: ngati nambala 683429731 iikidwa ngati 683-429-731, zidzakhala zosavuta kukumbukira. Mukhoza kugawanitsa mfundozo m'magulu A, B, C, D, ndi zina.
Yesani kukumbukira kwanu
Zochita izi, zopangidwa ndi Franz Lezer, zidzakuthandizani kuzindikira kukula kwa kukumbukira kwanu. Werengani mndandanda wa zinthu ndi pambuyo pa nthawi yeniyeni, lembani zonse zomwe zikukumbukiridwa. Yankho likulingalira molondola ngati, limodzi ndi mfundo, nambala yake yowonetsera ikuwonetsedwa. Chiwerengero cha mayankho olondola pa chigawo chilichonse chagawidwa ndi chiwerengero cha zinthu zowonjezera ndikuwonjezeredwa ndi 100 - kotero mumapeza chiwerengero cha kuloweza pamtima. Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha azimayi a ku France a Jean-Marie Boer, omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa vitamini C m'thupi ndi 50%, mphamvu zamaluso zikuwonjezeka ndi mfundo zinayi. Dr. Boer akulangizanso nthawi zina kuti asataya mtima wa ng'ombe kapena zamkati. Ali ndi mafuta acids ndi amino acid, omwe ndi abwino kwambiri kwa ubongo. Koma chakudya chambiri chimayambitsa mavuto ndi kukumbukira. Izi zikusonyezedwa ndi kufufuza kwa asayansi Gordon Vinokur ndi Carol Greenwood ku Toronto. Amakhulupirira kuti mafuta amatenga zina mwa shuga zofunika kuti ubongo ukhale wabwino. Pafupipafupi, munthu amatha kubereka molondola mawu 7-9 kamodzi, mawu 12 - patatha kubwereza 17, mawu 24 - pambuyo pa kubwereza 40.