Zizindikiro za matendawa
Matenda a mwana wamwamuna amabadwa mwazidzidzidzi pamtundu wambiri - subcutaneous, ndi mapangidwe a hematoma, m'mimba kapena bala la umbilical. Komabe, kutuluka kwa magazi kungakhalenso zotsatira za zisonkhezero zakunja - mwachitsanzo, chilonda chogwiritsidwa ntchito ku kuyezetsa magazi pofufuza ana obadwa kumene. Nthawi zina, matenda amagazi amapezeka pambuyo podulidwa. Chiwonetsero choopsa kwambiri cha matendawa ndi kupweteka kwa magazi, komwe pafupifupi 30% amachititsa imfa kapena kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kumabweretsa kulemala. Matenda a Hemorrhagic amadziwika kwa zaka pafupifupi 100, ndipo kumenyana nawo ndi kuikidwa kwa vitamini K koyamba m'zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri za m'ma XX. Mavitaminiwa ali pamasamba obiriwira, ndipo amapangidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndikofunika kuthandizira zifukwa zingapo zogwiritsira ntchito magazi, kulumikiza mapulogalamu ofika magazi omwe amachititsa kupanga magazi.
Kulephera kwa vitamini K kwa ana obadwa
Mu thupi la mwanayo muli vitamini K pang'ono chabe omwe amachokera kwa mayi, ndipo sungathe kudzipanga okha, chifukwa mabakiteriya oyenera sakapezeka m'matumbo. Kuonjezera apo, chiwindi cha mwana wakhanda sichikulirakulira ndipo sichikhoza kukwaniritsa zinthu zonse zomwe zimadalira vitamini-K. Zonsezi, kuphatikizapo mavitamini K ochepa mu mkaka waumunthu, zimawonjezera chiwopsezo cha mimba. Makanda oyambirira ali pachiopsezo. Mankhwala ena omwe atengedwa m'miyezi yotsiriza ya mimba akhoza kuthandizira mavitamini K ndikuwonetsa mwanayo pangozi ya magazi m'masiku oyamba 24 a moyo. Izi zikuphatikizapo anti-tuberculosis anticoagulants ndi anticonvulsants ena. Kuteteza mwana wakhanda kungatheke mothandizidwa ndi jekeseni wamatenda oyambirira a vitamini K. Palinso nthenda yosazolowereka, yomwe imadziwika kuti matenda otsekemera a nthenda, omwe nthawi zambiri amadziwika ali ndi zaka 2-8. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimakhudza ana omwe ali ndi mkaka, komanso amakhala ndi matenda a chiwindi, monga matenda a chiwindi, matenda otsegula m'mimba komanso matenda opititsa patsogolo. Chifukwa chosowa mwazi, magazi oterewa angakhale oopsa kwambiri ndipo amachititsa imfa kapena kulemala kwakukulu. Matenda a Hemorrhagic akhoza kutetezedwa bwino polemba mavitamini K abwino okonzekera ana onse atangobereka. Komabe, ngati izi zitachitika ndikukayikira za matenda otsekula m'mimba, kuyesa magazi kumachitika. Vitamini K yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati majekeseni a intramuscular. Mlingo wa 1 mg, womwe umatengedwa mkati mwa maola asanu ndi limodzi atabadwa, umateteza chitetezo cha matenda opatsirana. Komabe, mu 1990, kugwirizanitsa pakati pa jekeseni wamatenda wa vitamini K ndi kuwonjezeka kochepa pa chiopsezo cha khansa yaunyamata kunadziwika.
Mavitamini a mavitamini K
Monga njira yowonjezera jekeseni, vitamini K ikhoza kuperekedwa pamlomo. Komabe, mtundu uwu wa mankhwala siwothandiza kwambiri popewera mliri wamadzimadzi. Choncho, ngati madokotala ambiri adalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a pakamwa, tsopano akatswiri ambiri amakonda njira yowunikira yowunikira. Imeneyi ndi njira yokhayo yotsimikiziranso kuchepetsa kutaya magazi mwamsanga.
Chifukwa cha chithandizo
Musanasankhe njira yothandizira mankhwala, zoopsa ndi ubwino wa aliyense wa iwo zimakambidwa ndi makolo a mwanayo. Chigamulochi chiyenera kupangidwa asanalandire. Choncho, mlingo woyamba umayendetsedwa popanda kuchedwa. Ngati makolo amasankha njira ya pamlomo, mlingo wosiyana wa 2 mg waperekedwa. Zipatala zambiri zakhazikitsa njira zawo zogwiritsira ntchito vitamini K. Ambiri mwa iwo amalimbikitsa jekeseni wamatenda wa mankhwala kwa makanda omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda opatsirana. Izi ndizo makanda oyambirira komanso ana obadwa ndi gawo la Kaisareya. Ngati matenda akuthetsa magazi, akuyesera magazi kuti aone ngati magazi akulephera kuchepa magazi, chiwindi ndi chiwindi. Mwazi ukatengedwa kukayezetsa, mankhwala opatsirana ndi vitamini K komanso kuika magazi m'magazi omwe ali ndi zinthu zowonongeka akhoza kupitilizidwa. Ngati mwana akudwala chifukwa cha kutuluka m'magazi, ayenera kuikidwa magazi onse. Mwamwayi, ana opitirira 50% omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda oopsa omwe amayamba kutuluka m'magazi, omwe amachititsa imfa kapena kuchititsa kusintha kosatha. Izi zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri chifukwa matendawa amaletsedwa moyenera.
Ana ambiri, amene amayamba kutaya magazi kwambiri, asanakhale ndi "chenjezo" lokha magazi. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za kutuluka kwa magazi, muyenera kufotokoza izi kwa mzamba kapena katswiri. Palibe chifukwa choti musanyalanyaze zinthu zoterezi. Ndikofunika kuti makolo adziwitse dokotala kuti adzalandira mavitamini K kuti adzalandira chithandizo chifukwa ana omwe amamwa pamlomo amakhala ocheperachepera. Magazi m'ziwombankhanga za khanda sizitanthauza matenda opatsirana, chifukwa amatha kulowa m'matumbo panthawi yopuma kapena kuyamwitsa ngati amayi atulukira minofu.