Margaret Mitchell. Pangani mbiri

N'zovuta kupeza munthu amene sakanamvepo kalikonse ponena za filimuyi, yomwe inakankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito buku la "Gone with the Wind". Mpaka tsopano, iyi ndi imodzi mwa mafilimu opambana kwambiri, omwe chidwi chawo sichinafooke pazaka, popeza palibe chidwi chokhachi. Chodabwitsa ichi chinapangidwa ndi mkazi yemwe sankakhoza ngakhale kulingalira momwe chilengedwe chake chidzakhalira. Tidziwa zambiri za anthu otchuka mufilimuyi, koma mochepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake tili ndi mwayi wosangalala ndi nkhani ya fairytale komanso masewera abwino a ochita masewera athu okondeka.


Margaret Mitchell anabadwa pa November 8, 1900 ku Atlanta komweko, kumene zochitika zazikuluzikuluzi zinachitika. Bambo Margaret anali loya, ndipo amayi ake anali mayi weniweni amene adayesetsa kuchita nawo moyo wa mzindawo, anali membala wa mabungwe ambiri othandiza, adalimbikitsa maganizo oyamba achikazi. Anali mayi amene adakhala chifaniziro cha mzimayi weniweni, ndiye amene adapereka malingaliro omwe mkazi weniweni wa nthawi imeneyo ayenera kukhala nawo.
Margaret sanali mtsikana wabwino kwambiri. Tsitsi lofiira, kudzipereka kwambiri kunapangitsa kuti mtsikanayo akumane ndi zochitika zambiri zosasangalatsa ali mwana. Mwachitsanzo, tsiku lina adayang'ana pamene mlongo wake akukwera mustang m'bwalo la nyumba. Margaret anawotcha ndi kubwerera kumalo amoto, maso ake ankangoyang'anitsitsa podabwitsa. Chophimba cha kavalidwe kake paja chinagwira moto, kenako mtsikanayo anayenera kuchitidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi yaitali kuti azivala thalauza mmalo mwa madiresi. Ndiye sizinaloledwe kwa mtsikana wa msinkhu uliwonse, koma Margaret wa moyo anakumbukira ufulu umene amuna apamwamba amavala.

Makalasi kusukulu samanyamula Margaret. Sankakonda masamu ndikutsatira zokonda zina m'mabuku kuposa momwe anavomerezedwa. Amayi okhawo okhudzana ndi kufunika kwa maphunziro adakakamiza mtsikanayo kuti apitirize kuphunzira kusukulu ndi khama lomwe adali nalo. M'malo mwa Shakespeare wabwino, Nietzsche ndi Dickens, mtsikanayo adawerenga ndi kukwatulidwa kwa ma romance romance. Ichi chinali kukoma kwapadera kumene kunachititsa kulengedwa kwa nkhani zoyamba ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi zinayi.

Atamaliza maphunziro awo, Margaret amadandaula kwambiri kuti sanabadwire munthu ndipo sangathe kusankha ntchito pambuyo pa mtima wake. Koma ngakhale zovuta zedi za nthawi imeneyo sizinalepheretse iye kuti asakhale wolemba nyuzipepala, ngakhale kuti pa nthawi imeneyo iyo inali ntchito yokha ya munthu. Anagwira ntchito ku Atlant Journal, komwe anayamba kuyesa koyamba kulemba. Pomwe iye adalemba chiwonetsero chonse cha akazi, akuphatikiza ndi chithunzi chomwe Margaret adawonekera pamaso pa anthu mu zovala za amuna ndi chipewa cha cowboy. Ziphuphu zinayamba, ndipo agogo ake a Margaret ngakhale anatentha nkhaniyi m'nyuzipepalayi.

ChizoloƔezi chododometsa anthu chinawonetseredwa mu chirichonse. Ngakhale Margaret wokwatira sanatuluke monga momwe zinalili mwambo. M'malo mwa maluwa okongola, mkwatibwi anatenga maluwa ambiri ofiira. Pambuyo pake, ngakhale nyuzipepala zinafuula kuti Atlanta anali asanawonepo chinthu choterocho. Ukwati uwu unali utalephera. Mwamuna wa Margaret, wosabereka, amamwa mochuluka, anali wosasamala pamakhalidwe, kapena m'malo mwake analibe. Choncho, banja linagwa pambuyo pa miyezi khumi kuchokera tsiku la ukwati. Uwu unali chibwenzi choyamba m'mabanja a Mitchell, ndipo kachilombo koyambanso ku Atlanta lonse - kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, kusudzulana kunkachitidwa manyazi.

Atatha kusudzulana, Margueret anabwerera kuntchito, kumene analemba za nkhani zokwana mazana awiri, ataphunzira kuti owerenga ndi olemba dzina lake ndi "pulogalamu ya golide." Nthawi yachiwiri Margaret anakwatirana mu 1925, zaka ziwiri pambuyo pa chisudzulo. Mwamuna watsopano anakhala wokondedwa kwa mtsikana kwa nthawi yaitali amene, chifukwa cha chikondi, anasiya ntchito yabwino ku Washington. John Marsh ndi Margaret adakwatirana, kenako adasiyiratu uthenga wabwino ndikugwira nawo ntchito yolenga.

Kotero izo zinachitika kuti buku lalikulu linabadwa, mwangozi. Ali mwana, Margaret anagwa kuchokera pa kavalo wake ndipo anawononga kansalu yake kwambiri. Pokhala wamkulu, linasanduka arthrosis, yomwe imamangiriza iye ku kama kwa chaka chimodzi. Atatha kuwerenga mabuku ambiri achikondi, Margaret anaganiza kuti akhoza kulemba bwino. Anakonzanso papepala nkhani za nkhondo zomwe achibale ake ndi nkhani zokhudza banja lake amakhala. Mkhalidwe woipa wa thanzi sungakhoze koma kukhudza mbiri - izo zimakhala ndi zovuta zambiri. Ngakhale kulemba Margaret wake anayamba kuyambira kumapeto - kuyambira pamene Rhett ndi Scarlett analekana. Izo zinatsirizidwa kokha mu 1033. Margaret anamuchitira iye mwachangu ndipo anangozibisa izo pamapepala apanyumba. Patadutsa zaka ziwiri zotsatira za nkhaniyi - ku Atlanta kunawonekera nyumba yaikulu yosindikiza mabuku "Macmillan", komwe Margaret ankanyamula ndi kulembedwa.

Bukhulo linasindikizidwa mu 1936 pa June 30, ndipo nthawi yomweyo linamveka. Anthu ambiri odzudzulidwa amamudziwa kuti ndi chinthu chabwino koposa chazaka zaposachedwapa, pafupifupi zaka zambiri. PanthaƔi imodzimodziyo Margueret anakwiyitsa kupambana kwa khalidwe lalikulu la Scarlett kwa owerenga. Pa zokambirana zake, adavomereza kuti anakhumudwa kuti mkazi wakugwa uyu adali chitsanzo chotsanzira. Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, bukuli linakhala bwino kwambiri ndipo linabweretsa mphoto yake ya Mlengi Pulitzer.

Margaret Mitchell ankakhala modzichepetsa kwambiri, anakana mafunso ambiri, anakana kujambula filimuyo ponena za moyo wake, koma sanatsutse kuti buku lake lizigwirizana. Izi zinamupangitsa kukhala wotchuka kwambiri, koma sanamupangitse kuti aziwonekera pachiyambi. Health sanamulole kuti amasangalale ndi moyo, ndipo mu 1949 ngozi yowopsya inamuchotsa. Zinachitika pa August 11, pamene Margaret ndi mwamuna wake anapita ku cinema, kumene Margaret anagwidwa ndi tekisi. Pambuyo masiku asanu, anamwalira, ndipo sanachire.
Palibe amene amadziwa ngati chinyengo chachikulu ndi luso likanalengedwa ngati mlembiyo adakhala moyo wautali. Koma cholowa chimene adachokera kudziko chinapangitsa dzina lake kukhala losatha. Buku limodzi lokha labwino kwambiri limapangitsa mkazi wamba kukhala ndi zolemba zazikulu.