Malangizo Othandizira Amadzi

Pa February 9, dziko lonse likukondwerera tsiku la dokotala wa mano. Njira yabwino yosangalalira ndi kupita ku ofesi ya mano ndi banja lonse. Dokotala adzakuuzani malangizo othandizira mano. Musayang'ane pa kavalo kupatula m'mazinyo, ndipo ngakhale apo-ku mphatso, ndipo ife ndi inu kuganizira za kukongola kwawo ndi thanzi lawo sikunatheke. Aliyense ayenera kuti anamvapo za "zizindikiro zisanu ndi ziwiri za mano oyenera" kuchokera ku malonda otchuka, koma si onse omwe adayesa okha. Ndipotu, matenda a mano amachititsa mavuto ambiri, kuphatikizapo thupi ndi maganizo. Aliyense amadziwa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi mano oipa amamwetulira pang'ono ndipo amatha kudziwika kuti ndi osasangalatsa kapena osasangalatsa. Sikoyenera kunena, mwinamwake, za mavuto a moyo waumwini kapena kuntchito zomwe zingabweretse vuto losasangalatsa monga fungo loipa kuchokera pakamwa, nthawi zambiri limakhala limodzi ndi matenda ena a mano. Kwa thanzi labwino, mano opatsirana ali ndi ngozi ina. Kuwonjezera pa zovuta zosiyanasiyana m'kamwa, amatha kuchititsa matenda omwe sali okhudzana nawo. Choncho, madokotala ena amaphatikizapo matenda ena a mtima ndi ziwalo zina zamkati ndi kukhalapo pakamwa kokha komwe kumapezeka mabakiteriya - tizilombo todwalitsa. Komabe, kutaya mtima sikoyenera - pa nkhondo ndi matenda a mano sitili nokha. Madokotala a mano ndi mabwenzi athu odalirika, makamaka popeza njira zatsopano zopewera ndi mankhwala zakhala zikuwonekera m'zaka zaposachedwapa.

Kusindikiza ndi nsonga za chisamaliro cha mano
Matenda ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi dzino ndi osowa. Chifukwa chachikulu cha mawonekedwe ake chikugwirizana ndi kusungidwa kwa zotsalira zakudya pa mano. Njira yokha yolimbana ndi chitukuko cha caries ndiyo kudzaza. Kwa mbiri yakale ya ma mano opangira mano, zida za zisindikizo zasintha nthawi zambiri: simenti, gutta percha, amalgam, zitsulo zosiyanasiyana - zinthu zonse izi pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe madokotala a mano akukana. Tsopano: zipangizo zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi zitsulo, zomwe zimatchedwa ma polima kapena mapangidwe - mankhwala ovuta omwe ali ndi mphamvu zisanayambe zakhalapo. Mwa njira, ngati phokoso la kubowola, komanso odwala ambiri ali ndi kuzizira khungu - mukuyembekezera uthenga wabwino - njira yamakono yoperekera ikukhala chete ndipo siimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosangalatsa.

Anesthesia
Kalekale funso la anesthesia pa opaleshoni ya mano linathetsedwa mosavuta: chabwino - mothandizidwa ndi mowa wabwino kwambiri. Mankhwala amakono afala kwambiri, asayansi apanga mankhwala ochititsa chidwi, omwe amachititsa wodwalayo kukhala wosasamala kanthu kachitsulo chilichonse cha dzino. Mpaka posachedwa, njira yokha yopangidwira yokhayokha inali yopweteka mokwanira - ndiko, jekeseni, komabe, lero madokotala ambiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito anesthesia yowonjezerapo, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala opangira mankhwala odzola kapena mankhwala oundana musanayambe njirayi. Njira yamakonoyi, yotchedwa infiltration anesthesia, imalola ngakhale odwala kwambiri kuti athetse mantha a singano. Asanayambe kuchita maopaleshoni oopsa a mano, kapena pochiza odwala omwe akuwopsyezedwa ku ofesi ya madokotala, madokotala a mano angagwiritse ntchito anesthesia, kapena anesthesia wamba.
Chinthu chokhacho pamene anesthesia sichigwiritsidwe ntchito pa chithandizo cha dzino nthawi zonse. Ndizosangalatsa komanso zopweteka kwambiri kuti palibe chosowa chokhalira ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Chitetezo ndi kupewa
Archaeologists omwe amapeza mabwinja a anthu omwe anakhalako kale amati ngakhale anthu a zaka 20-30 a nthawi imeneyo alibe mano ambiri. Ife tiri mu malo abwino kwambiri. Choyamba, mano ndi zonse zomlomo zimafunikira chisamaliro choyenera. Ndipo kawirikawiri nsonga ya mano imakhala yokwanira. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito zipangizo zonse zotetezera: mano a mano, mazira a mano komanso njira zowonongolera lilime ku mabakiteriya owopsa kwa mano.
Kuchokera kwa ndalama zatsopano zomwe zawonekera posachedwapa, mutha kusiyanitsa wothirira madzi - kamtengo kakang'ono, kamene kameneka kameneka kamakhala kochepa kwambiri, kamene kakupopera kupanikizika kwambiri ndi madzi, kumatsuka mano a zowonongeka.

Prosthetics
Ngakhale kulimbika kwa madokotala a mano, zonsezi zimachitika kuti mano amatisiya ife. Pezani malo omenyana ndi womenya nkhondoyo n'zotheka, chinthu chachikulu sichiyanjanitsa ndi imfa yake. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, pafupifupi munthu mmodzi pa atatu aliwonse atachotsa dothi limodzi sichimalowetsa m'malo mwake, ndipo izi zimakhala zovulaza. Pakapita nthawi, mano omwe ali pafupi ndi kusiyana kwake, amayamba kusunthira kumbali yake, ngati kuti akuyesera kubwezeretsa mnzanuyo. Ngati simukuika dzino dzino, chomwe chimatchedwa "occlusal lock" chikhoza kukhala, - kusintha kwa mano angapo kumbali ya chilema. Izi zingayambitse kulumala. Ngati zinthu zonsezi sizikukuthandizani, ndiye kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma prosthesis. Njira zodziwika kwambiri za prosthetics ndi kukhazikitsa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mlatho. Ngati mano oyandikana nawo ali olakwika ndipo akufunika kukonza okha, mlatho wovomerezeka ndi woyenera - umayikidwa mano, pakati pa omwe pali "dzenje" ndikutseka.
Ngati mano omwe ali pafupi ali ndi thanzi labwino ndipo sakufuna kuwakhudza, dokotala wa mano akhoza kunena kuti akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kawirikawiri, chotupa chimaphatikizidwa mu chingamu chomwe chimagwirizanitsa. Pogwiritsira ntchito lusoli, simungalowetse dzino limodzi lokha, koma mndandanda wonse wa iwo.