Maulendo obwereza nthawi zonse kwa odwala matenda a odwala ali aang'ono ndi ofunikira, monga momwe amapezera katemerayu, kafukufuku wa ana. Kuyesedwa koyamba kwa ana osapitirira chaka chimodzi kumachitika pambuyo pobadwira kuchipatala pofuna kutulukira msanga matenda opatsirana maso (glaucoma, retinoblastoma (retinal tumor), cataracts, matenda opweteka a diso). Ana omwe anabadwa asanatuluke nthawiyi amafufuzidwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro za optic nerve atrophy ndi retinopathy ya prematurity.
Kuwoneka bwino kwa ana ayenera kuchitidwa ali ndi zaka 1, 3, 6 ndi 12. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuyanjana ndi ana omwe ali pangozi, kuphatikizapo ana:
- omwe makolo awo kapena amodzi okhawo ali ndi vuto lowonetsa;
- wobadwa kale;
- omwe achibale awo amavutika ndi glaucoma.
Panthawi yofufuzidwa, dokotala akufotokoza za:
- zikopa, malo awo, kuyenda, mtundu wa khungu, mawonekedwe ndi m'lifupi la diso, maso, ndi chigawo cha conjunctiva. Matendawa amatanthauza kutembenuka ndi kutembenuka kwa maso, kutsika kwa maso, kuthamanga kwapakati, kutupa, kubwezeretsa ndi kuphulika kwa maso, kukhalapo kwa mamba, kuyabwa;
- wophunzira. Kawirikawiri kuzungulira, wakuda, kukula kwake kumadalira malingana ndi kuunika - 0,15-0,25 cm. Pamene ali ndi zaka 4-6, chizindikiro chofunikira cha masomphenya oyenera mwa mwana ndi kuchepetsa ana a diso ndi kulowetsa kwakukulu;
- kuyenda ndi malo a maso. Strabismus, nystagmus (kugwedeza kwa diso), kuyenda mochepa kumatanthauzira kudwala.
- njira zokhudzana ndi misozi ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Mwachizoloŵezi chakudandaulira sayenera kukhala;
- masomphenya a mtundu. Ana oyambirira kuyamba kuzindikira mitundu. Koma ngati mwanayo akuphwanya mitundu (wobiriwira, wofiira, wabuluu), ndiye izi ndizovomerezeka kufikira zaka zitatu;
- maonekedwe abwino amawoneka mu zaka 3-4 mothandizidwa ndi tebulo la ana ndi ophthalmologist.
Matenda a maso amodzi komanso omwe amawapeza m'maso akuyesedwa kwa ana osapitirira chaka chimodzi
Zolakwika ndi zowona
Makolo oterewa amadzizindikira okha, koma katswiri angapereke chitsimikizo cholondola. Kawirikawiri, mawonekedwe a maso a mwanayo amatha kusokonezeka, koma izi ndizobodza, zomwe zimachititsa kuti zikhale ndi nkhope komanso zimakhala ndi mphuno. Pakapita nthawi, kukula kwa mphuno kumawonjezereka, ndipo chodabwitsa cha msampha wonyenga chimatha. Kuonjezera apo, chinyengo chabodza chimakhala chofala kwa ana a msinkhu wa zaka zoyambirira chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa kayendedwe kake ka mitsempha.
Zikanakhala kuti pofufuza ndi katswiri wa ophthalmologist ali ndi strabismus yeniyeni inakhazikitsidwa, ndikofunikira kudziwa ndi kuthetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Apo ayi, diso limodzi liyamba kugwira ntchito monga kutsogolera, ndipo masomphenya a diso lachiwiri amayamba kuwonjezeka mofulumira.
Kutupa kwa sacheberi
Vutoli ndilofala ndifupipafupi 10-15%. Kutupa kwa sacheberi, yotchedwa dacryocystitis, kumaphatikizidwa ndi zobisika m'maso, teardrop, crusts pa eyelashes. Kawirikawiri, makolo komanso nthawi zina ana amavomereza kuvomereza matendawa ndi zizindikiro za conjunctivitis. Kenaka mwanayo salandira mankhwala oyenera pa nthawi ndipo atangomva kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mopanda nzeru, amapita kwa katswiri.
Maso "amayandama"
Maso a mwanayo amatha kupanga kayendedwe ka oscillatory zosiyanasiyana ndi amplitudes. Matenda oterewa amatchedwa nystagmus. Ndi matendawa, chifaniziro chapamwamba pa retina sichinayambe, masomphenya amayamba kuwonjezeka mofulumira (amblyopia).
Mavuto ndi malingaliro
Kuti masomphenyawo akhale 100%, chithunzicho chiyenera kuwonetsedwa molondola pa retina ya diso. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yaikulu ya diso, chithunzichi chidzayang'ana kutsogolo kwa retina. Pankhaniyi, iwo amanena za myopia, kapena, otchedwa, myopia. Ndi mphamvu yaing'ono yowonongeka, disolo lidzayang'ana kumbuyo kwa retina, yomwe imatchedwa hyperopia, kapena hypermetropia. Katswiri wa ophthalmologist amatsimikizira mphamvu yowonongeka ya diso m'mwana pa zaka zilizonse pothandizidwa ndi olamulira apadera.
Ana omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 1 angathe kupereka chikonzero chokonzekera bwino kulumikizana pakati pa chithunzi cha retina ndi kulandira chizindikiro cha ubongo kuti maganizo a mwanayo asagwe.