Kwa ana, si zachilendo - mwana aliyense kamodzi kamodzi pamoyo amakankha kapena kugunda wina, popanda iwo, samachita ngakhale ana ochepetsetsa ndi ophunzira kwambiri. Sikofunika kuti Sukhomlinsky afotokoze kwa mwanayo, yemwe adagonjetsa phokoso lina pabwalo la masewera kapena adachotsa chidole chomwe adachikonda, chomwe sichiyenera kuchitika. Chifukwa chiyani? Ambiri mwa anawo sali oyamba, koma kuyambira pachisanu, kuchokera pachisanu, amatha kumvetsa izi: chifukwa china chimakhala chopweteka kapena chopweteka monga momwe mungachitire ngati atakuchitirani izi. Kusiyana kwa kugwirizana kwa zaka zokhudzana ndi zaka kumakhudzana ndi zinthu zoyambirira - ndi kuti ana amakula ndiwophunzitsidwa ndi maphunziro amayamba kumvetsa bwino ena ndi iwo eni, kuyesera kuchita zinthu mosavuta. Amazoloŵera kusamalira maganizo awo ndi containment zawo, kuthetsa mikangano m'njira zopanda chifundo - mawu, osati zida. Njira yothetsera chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi yosapeŵeka kwa ana ambiri, ndipo ali ndi zaka 6-7, ana amadzikonda okha ndipo amayamba kumvetsa bwino momwe akumvera komanso zochita zawo.
Zochita za ankhondo
Komabe, si ana onse omwe amakumana ndi vuto lofanana. Palinso anthu omwe sadziwa udzu, amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu basi. Amuna awa poyamba amapatsidwa kukwiya, kusadziwiratu, kusowa nzeru. Ali ndi zovuta polankhulana ndi anzao, awonjezeka nkhawa, osatetezeka. Ana oterewa saganizira zofuna za ena, amakhala okhudza kwambiri koma samadziwa momwe angatetezere zofuna zawo mothandizidwa ndi zifukwa zokwanira. Osakhutira mtima, amayesetsa kubwezeretsa izi powapweteka ena - koposa zonse, zakuthupi. Chitetezo chabwino kwa iwo ndi kuukira. Zimapangitsa iwo kukhala osasangalatsa komanso osakhalitsa, koma osachepera. Ngakhale kutanthauzira zochita za ana ena monga nkhanza, mwana woteroyo chifukwa cha zochita zake zimayambitsa ukali kwa ena. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri - ndi anzanu ati akufuna kukwatirana ndi amene akukunyengani ndi zida zake? Mwa khalidwe lawo, ana awa amanyengerera ena, kuwapangitsa kukhala opanda chikondi, opanda chikondi, achidani. Ndipo izi zimachulukitsa ukali, zimamupangitsa mwana kuchita zinthu zosayenera, zomwe zimayambitsa mantha ndi mkwiyo mwa iye. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, angakhale wokondwa kulankhula ndi anyamatawa, akuyesera kupeza njira yothetsera vutoli, kubwezeretsa, kutanthauza, chiyanjano, koma sakudziwa momwe angachitire muwonekedwe wabwino, wathanzi.
Kodi anyamatawo ndi achiwawa kwambiri?
Asayansi sanafike pamapeto otsimikizirika, kodi anthu amanyansidwa nawo, ndipo chifukwa chake anyamata, khalidwe lokonzedweratu? Inde, malinga ndi kafukufuku ambiri, abambo amachitira nkhanza kuposa akazi, pa msinkhu uliwonse. Zimene zimachitika chifukwa cha "nkhanza" zoyenera ziyenera kukhala zomveka. Ngati mayi ayamba kuŵerenga makhalidwe ake: "Ndipo ngati mumagunda, simukukonda," mwanayo amatha kupumula nkhani yovuta ndi makutu. Nthawi zina zimangonena kuti: "Vanya, ayi!", Pamene womenya nkhondoyo adzalumphira. Zomwe zikanakhala zomveka kwa aliyense kuti anyamata amachitira mwankhanza kuposa atsikana, amamenyana mobwerezabwereza. Komabe, umboni wa chibadwa chawo pa chikhalidwe choterocho, ngakhale madokotala kapena biologist sangakhoze kutiwonetsa ife. Mwinamwake, mu nkhani ina - mu chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro. Makhalidwe abwino omwe amaperekedwa kwa anyamata ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi omwe apatsidwa kwa atsikana. Chiwawa ndi gawo la khalidwe lachimuna la khalidwe, nthawi zambiri amayembekezera ndi kulimbikitsidwa. Kuti pali mawu amodzi akuti "kugonana kolimba", motalika mizu yosiyana mosiyana m'zinenero zosiyana kwambiri za dziko lapansi. Mwanayo atangoyamba kuyenda ndikukumana ndi anzake (ndiko kuti, m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo), pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa maphunziro a anyamata ndi atsikana, chifukwa chakuti makolo ndi anthu amayembekezera kuchokera kwa onse, maonekedwe a umunthu. Mnyamatayo akuyamikiridwa kuyambira ali wamng'ono kuti akhale wolimba mtima, militancy, ntchito, luso lodzudzula, kudziyimira yekha. Msungwana wamphamvu ndi wolimbikira amene akufunitsitsa kulamulira ndi kudziimira yekha "kuthana ndi" olakwira, nthawi zambiri amatsutsidwa chifukwa cha makhalidwe omwewo. Kotero ife tikhoza kuganiza kuti icho chikadalipo, koma osati khalidwe lachibadwa.
Chifukwa chiyani ali choncho
Malingana ndi momwe akatswiri a maganizo amalingalira, ana okhwima, monga lamulo, alibe chikondi ndi chidziwitso kwa achibale awo. Kawirikawiri m'mabanja omwe ana awo amakula, njira yoleredwa ndi aboma. M'malo molankhulana momveka bwino, makolo (monga lamulo, ichi ndi choyamba komanso chovuta kwambiri komanso chozunza abambo) amapereka malamulo ndipo akudikira kuwonetsetsa kwawo momveka bwino. Zimakhalanso kuti mwanayo sagwirizana kwambiri, amakula yekha, akumva zopanda phindu, kusowa kukhudzana ndi maganizo, kuzizira ndi kusasamala kwa makolo. Ndondomeko yeniyeni ya kulera imathandizanso kuwonjezereka. Mwanayo amaphunzitsidwa kuti ndizowamba za dziko lapansi, pomwe dziko lonse lapansi likuzungulira. Zili zoonekeratu kuti ana ena ndi akulu samadziwa za izi, ndipo khalidwe lawo limapangitsa mwanayo kuti asamamukondweretse komanso kumangokhalira kukangana. Kusokoneza maganizo kwa ana aumphawi kumachitanso chifukwa cha kukangana pakati pawo. Pamene bambo anga ndi amayi amanyansidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, mwanayo amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi yolankhulana. Kwa iye izo zimakhala zachizolowezi. Choncho, makolo omwe aona kuti mphamvu zawo zowonjezera zakhala zikuwonjezeka pakati pa ana awo ayenera kudziyang'ana okha. Zingakhale bwino kuti inu nokha musamalamulire zofuna zanu zokhazokha. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ana amaphunzira njira zogwirizana ndi anthu, kuyang'ana khalidwe la anthu oyandikana nawo (ndipo, poyamba, makolo awo).
Uphungu ndi Chilango
Ngati mwana wapindula chinachake ndi chithandizo cha nkhanza, amuthandiza mobwerezabwereza. Komabe, vuto ndilo kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chilango poyeretsa kuchokera ku nkhanza kumalimbikitsanso. Makamaka zimakhudza chilango chakuthupi. Mwa njira, nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti mwana ayambe kumenya ena. Kuti chiwawa chisokoneze ana, koma zowonongeka, zowonjezereka ndizofunika. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti chofunikira chachikulu cha mwana aliyense ndizofunika kumverera kuti amamukonda ndi kuyamikiridwa. Kotero chithandizo chowonjezerapo nkhanza chingakhale chikhulupiliro, chaubwenzi kwa mwanayo. Kuchita nawo bambo, mwa chitsanzo chake kusonyeza mwana wake kuti chidziwitso chenichenicho sichikhoza kuthetsa raspkasit mphuno kwa wolakwira, koma kuti atsogolere mphamvu yake ya thupi mu njira ina yothandiza. Mukhoza kusinthana, nkuti, ku mtundu wina wa "ntchito yolondola". Njira yabwino ndi kulembera womenya nkhondo mu gawo la masewera, kutsogoleredwa ndi mphunzitsi wodziwa bwino komanso waluso. Mukhoza kukhala ndi "wapansi wamoto" wapadera kuti athetse nkhawa. Ngati mwanayo akwiya ndi munthu wina, amusiyeni ndi kumwa piritsi. Malangizo amenewa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa akatswiri a maganizo ndi akuluakulu makasitomala awo, chifukwa palibe woyera mtima woti amvere chisoni. Popeza sitingakuchitireni, ndi bwino kuphunzira ndi kuphunzitsa ana anu kuti asamangodzimvera chisoni, osati kupasula moyo wawo kapena ena.