Chizindikiro cha chikondi chosatha ndi kukhulupirika. Kuzipanga ndi kupereka kwa dzanja ndi mtima ndi mwambo wakale. Zoonadi, izi ndi-mphete yothandizira, mbiri yake yomwe imachokera kale kwambiri ...
Mzere wa ukwati ndi chizindikiro cha ukwati m'mayiko ambiri, mosasamala kanthu za moyo, malingaliro ndi kuganiza. Chiyambi cha mwambo uwu, komabe, sichimvetsetsedwa bwino. Malingaliro ena, amachokera ku Ancient Egypt, kumene ukwati sunali chabe mawonekedwe. Udindo wa banja ndi malo ofunika kwambiri ku Aigupto zaka mazana ambiri, komanso masiku athu ano. Malingana ndi zikhulupiliro za Aigupto, mphete ya ukwati idaimira chikondi chosatha komanso mgwirizano wosatha pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi. Ku Egypt, amakhulupirira kuti mpheteyo iyenera kuvala pamphuno ya dzanja lamanzere, chifukwa kuchokera pamenepo "mthunzi wa chikondi" umayambira. Ndipotu, ndilo dzina la mzere umene umachokera pa mphete kupita ku dzanja la manja mu sayansi ya kanjedza - mzere wachikondi.
Mbiri ya maonekedwe achikhristu ovala mphete zothandizira zinayamba zaka za m'ma 1600. Izi zisanachitike, zovala zawo sizinali zoyenera, ngakhale zinali choncho. Zingwe zinkavala palake iliyonse ya dzanja, monga zokongoletsera zina. Ndipo kuyambira muzaka za zana la 16, icho chinakhala chikhalidwe chosafunikira kwambiri kuti tizivale mphete yothandizira pa chala cha dzanja lamanja. Ndipo tsopano mphete yothandizana nayo yapachikale imadzala pamphuno. Orthodox - kumanja, ndi Akatolika - kumanzere.
Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi, mphete zaukwati zinapangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Aigupto ankagwiritsa ntchito chifuwa, khungu, nyanga, ndi zina. Aroma ankavala mphete zachitsulo, zomwe zikuimira mphamvu ndi chipiriro. Iwo amatchedwa "mphete ya mphamvu". Pang'onopang'ono, ojambula anayamba kupanga mphete za golidi, zomwe zinawapangitsa kukhala zokongoletsa kwenikweni ndi ntchito ya luso. Nthawi yofunika kwambiri posankha mphete inali mtengo wake. Zokwera mtengo - ndizokwanira udindo wa mkwati ndi mkwatibwi. Kwa Aroma, mphete zaukwati zinali chizindikiro cha katundu, pambali pa chizindikiro chodziwika ndi chodziwika cha chikondi. Chikhalidwecho chinakhazikitsidwa ndi Agiriki akale. Mphete zawo zaukwati zinapangidwa ndi chitsulo, koma olemera angathe kupeza mphete zopangidwa ndi mkuwa, siliva kapena golidi.
Ku Middle East, nawonso chizindikiro chachikulu cha ukwati pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi chinkayengedwa ngati mphete yogwirizana, mbiri ya maonekedwe omwe asayansi anali nawo chidwi. Poyamba, mphete zaukwati zinali magulu a golide, malekezero ake omwe anali ogwirizana ndipo anapanga bwalo. Phokoso kummawa limasonyeza kudzichepetsa komanso kuleza mtima. Miyambo imalangiza akazi kuvala mphete ngati chizindikiro cha kukhulupirika kwa munthu mmodzi. Atayenda ulendo wautali, pamene mwamuna wake anabwerera kunyumba, nthawi yomweyo anathamangira kukawona ngati mpheteyo inalipo. Ichi chinali chizindikiro cha kudzipereka ndi kukhulupirika.
Mu Middle Ages, chofunika kuti mupereke mphete zothandizana ndi ma rubiya, omwe amawotcha ndi chizindikiro chofiira cha chikondi pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi. Sapphire, zizindikiro za moyo watsopano, zinalinso zotchuka. Ku England, mapangidwe apadera apadera a mphete yaukwati adalengedwa. Izi zikuyimira manja awiri osakanikirana ndi mitima iwiri yokhala ndi korona pamwamba pawo. Korona anali chizindikiro cha chiyanjano, chikondi ndi ubale pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi, kukhulupirika ndi kukhulupirika pakati pawo.
Anthu a ku Italy anayamba kupanga mphete zasiliva, zokongoletsedwa ndi zojambulajambula zambiri ndi kofiira zakuda. Kale Venice, mphete za ukwati nthawi zambiri zimayenera kukhala ndi diamondi imodzi. Zimakhulupirira kuti daimondi ndi miyala yamatsenga yomwe imapangidwa ndi moto. Ndiwo miyala yamtengo wapatali kwambiri komanso chizindikiro cha mphamvu, chitsimikizo, kukhazikika kwa ubale, chikondi ndi kudzipereka kwamuyaya. Iwo anali osowa, okwera mtengo komanso okwera mtengo okha kwa olemera. Choncho, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphete zokhala ndi diamondi kunavomerezedwa m'zaka za zana la 19. Kenaka lalikulu deposit deposit anapezeka ku South America. Pasanapite nthawi, madamondi anayamba kupezeka kwa anthu ambiri. Koma ngakhale apo, ku England, ma diamondi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza monga zokongoletsera kuti apange mphete.
M'mayiko ena, monga, Brazil ndi Germany, amuna ndi akazi akhoza kuvala mphete yothandizira. Mu 860, Papa Nicholas I anapereka lamulo lakuti mphete ya ukwatiyo inatsimikiziridwa mwalamulo. Chofunika chinali chimodzi chokha: mphete yothandizira iyenera kukhala golide. Kotero zitsulo zazitsulo sizingakhalenso za mphete zaukwati.
Pakalipano, pakupanga mphete zopangira, monga lamulo, siliva, golide kapena platinamu, diamondi kapena sapirre, emerald, rubies ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, zofanana ndi zizindikiro za zodiac, amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Panopa palibe kale ndondomeko zomveka bwino zogwirira mphete za ukwati.
Pali chiphunzitso, komabe, kuti mphete yothandizira si chizindikiro choyamba cha chikondi pakati pa anthu awiri. Zimakhulupirira kuti chizindikiro choyamba chinalengedwa pakati pa anthu a pamapanga. Ankagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zokopa kuti amangirire mkazi amene akufuna kukwatira. Ndi pamene mkaziyo anasiya kulimbana ndi chingwe, osasunthika pamodzi. Ichi chinali choyimira chenichenicho ndipo chikutanthauza kuti mkaziyo anali atatanganidwa kale.
Mwachikhalidwe, lero, kutenga mphete yothandizira, mkazi amavomereza kukwatiwa ndi amene wapereka. Ngati mkazi atha kuthetsa chibwenzi, ayenera kubwezeretsanso. Kawirikawiri, amamvetsetsa ndi amayi padziko lonse lapansi. Kotero mpheteyo imakhala chizindikiro chosayimilira cha chitukuko kapena kuthetsa chiyanjano.
M'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya kunali chizoloŵezi chogwiritsa ntchito monga mphete zaukwati mwamtheradi kulikonse mphete - yomwe imakonda. Koma mpheteyo inkaonedwa ngati yachikwati pokhapokha atalemba dzina la mkazi ndi tsiku la ukwatiwo. Chovala choterocho chinali ndi mphamvu mkati mwake, ndipo chinasungidwa ngati chithumwa kapena banja lolowa.