Mayiyo adakhaladi mbuye wazochitika zake pokhapokha atakhala ndi mwayi wopanga zosankha zake payekha: kaya amange ntchito yake kapena akhale mayi, ana angati ndi zina zotero. Ufulu uwu wosankha unadza chifukwa cha kupangidwa kwa kulera. Kuwongolera kwazitsulo, mahomoni ndi njira zina zothandizira kuteteza ovulation ndi feteleza, sizinasinthe nkhani zokhudzana ndi chonde, komanso maganizo a kugonana kwabwino. Pomaliza mungathe kumasuka ndi kusangalala ndi chimwemwe cha moyo!
Pakalipano, monga mankhwala onse, mankhwalawa ayenera kusankhidwa pambuyo pakufunsana ndi dokotala: sichidzangotengera njira yabwino, komanso kukuuzani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito njira yosankhidwa bwino.
Mankhwala omwe amatchedwa mankhwala (spermicidal) amasiyana ndi njira zodalirika zogwiritsira ntchito njira zoberekera kwa abwenzi omwe sali kukayikakirana, komanso amayi omwe ndi amayi omwe amatsutsana ndi njira zina za kulera. Mitundu yonse ya spermicides imakhala ndi zotsatira zowonongeka, kupatulapo iwo ndi mafuta owonjezera. Zotsatira za njirazi ndikuti amawononga ziwalo za spermatozoa ndipo amataya mphamvu zawo za feteleza. Kudalirika kwa njirayi kuli 85%. Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo: kupereka njira yothetsera maminiti 10 musanayambe kugonana, gwiritsani ntchito mlingo watsopano wa mankhwala musanayambe kukondana, ndi zina zotero. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya umuna wam'mimba: zonona, makandulo, matampu, masiponji.
Njira zotsutsana
Pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya akazi achiukreni amasankha kondomu monga mankhwala osatha. Ngati simudziwa bwino chibwenzi chanu kapena simukudalirana, iyi ndiyo njira yomwe ingakuthandizeni kuti muzisangalala ndi zokondweretsa komanso nthawi yomweyo musapewe mavuto osayenera. Ndipotu kondomu yokha ikhoza kuteteza AIDS ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana.
Njira zotsutsana ndizokhalitsa ngati njira imodzi yobereka. Njirazi n'zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zosavuta, sizikusowa kukonzekera, zili zoyenera pafupifupi aliyense ndipo, monga lamulo, ziribe zotsatirapo. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira mwatsatanetsatane malangizo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mphamvu ya chitetezo ndi pafupifupi 75% (25% ya "zolakwika" chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwa). Njira zotsalirazi zimaphatikizapo zipewa za khola lachiberekero, ziwalo za m'mimba ndi sponge (poganizira kuti kudalirika kwawo kuli kochepa kuposa ka kondomu).
Mahomoni: Zochita ndi Zochita
Watsimikiza kuti asiye njira zodalirika za kulera - njira za kulera zam'mimba? Kumbukirani kuti pali zotsutsana ndi zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito: matenda a shuga, matenda a shuga, chizoloŵezi chopanga magazi, zifuwa za m'mawere, chiwindi kapena matenda a impso, etc. Choncho, mutapanga chisankho chanu kuti mutetezedwe, onetsetsani kuti mukufufuza mozama za zamoyo zonse. Pezani chirichonse "cha" ndi "motsutsa", fufuzani maganizo a katswiri wazamayi wodziwa bwino ndipo pokhapokha mutayesa njira iyi.
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'maso nthawi yoyamba ndi yosavuta: zigawo za estrogenic ndi gestagenic zomwe zimatsanzira estrogen ndi progesterone zomwe zili mkati mwazo zimapangitsa kuti mapangidwe a oocyte achoke. Chotsatira chake, kutsekemera sikuchitika ndipo kumakhala kovuta. Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana sangalowe mu thupi osati pokhapokha atatengedwa pamlomo ngati mapiritsi. "Arsenal" yamakono opanga mahomoni oterewa ndi ambiri: ampoules (injected); Mitengo yomwe imayikidwa pansi pa khungu (makapulisi osinthasintha), omwe amamasula mahomoni pang'onopang'ono ndipo amawongolera nthawi zonse mu thupi la mkazi; zojambula zothandizira (kulumikiza ku malo enieni a thupi); wapadera intrauterine spirals.
Mankhwala ena pamodzi ndi kulera amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakakhala vuto lakumwezi, ndi njira zowonjezera komanso zina. Polimbana ndi kulandira ndalama izi, kuyendetsa bwino kumayendetsedwa, zodzikongoletsera zimawonetseredwa (ziphuphu zimachepa, khungu limasintha). Kotero pali mwayi kuthetsa mavuto angapo nthawi yomweyo.
Ngakhale kuti njira zamakono zamakono zamadzimadzi zimakhala ndi kuchepa kwa mahomoni poyerekeza ndi oyambirira awo, ntchito zawo sizowopsa. Choncho, kusankha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumafunika kukhala munthu payekha! Musagule mapiritsi, kutsogoleredwa ndi uphungu wa anzanu kapena malonda. Dokotala yekha ali ndi ufulu wakukhazikitsa chida choyenera - pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo, ukhondo, zaka komanso zizindikiro zina. Kuonjezera apo, njira iyi yopezera mimba zosafuna zingakhale zotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito zaka 32-35 zokha.
Kuteteza kotheka
Njira yatsopano yopangira chithandizo cha abambo lero ndi mphete. Kuyambira tsopano, simukusowa kudandaula tsiku lirilonse, kuganizira za chitetezo. Mosiyana ndi mapiritsi, mpheteyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa mwezi, imayidwira mosavuta (mosavuta komanso yopweteka), imakhala ndi mahomoni ochepa kawiri kuposa mapiritsi, ndipo imakulolani kupanga pulogalamu yokonzekera kumapeto. Pachifukwa ichi, kutulutsa mahomoni otulutsa ma uniform, kumapangitsa kuti azichita msambo popanda kukhazikitsa magazi. Chovalacho chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri kuposa chozungulira: chimaikidwa mu chikazi, osati m'chiberekero. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mayi amalowa ndikuchotsa yekha, zomwe zimamupulumutsa kuti asamuyang'ane nthawi zonse.
Njirayi imalimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha vaginito, imaonjezera chiwerengero cha lactobacilli ndikuyambitsa chitetezo cha m'deralo, motero kuchepetsa mwayi wa matenda a mimba. Kufufuza komwe kunachitika ku Ulaya, kunapezeka kuti mphete ya ubini imakhudza kwambiri kugonana, chifukwa imapereka malingaliro abwino kuchokera ku kugonana (mwa kuwonetsa magawo oyambirira owonetsetsa).
Ndipo kodi anthu amachita chiyani? Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, azimayi 94% satsutsana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphete ya mkazi, koma 71% samamuzindikira panthawi yogonana. Mwa amuna aja omwe amamva mphete ya m'mimba, 40% amatcha kuti zowawa zimakhala zokondweretsa, zopanda nawo mbali.
Mimba yamakono ndi yamakono, yodalirika (chitetezo cha 99%), njira yabwino komanso yosavomerezera yobereka, yomwe imadziwika ku Ulaya konse.
Chisankho cha akazi a Chiyukireniya
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wapadziko lonse lapansi Kusankha, atapempha kukambirana ndi mayi wodziwa matenda a akazi, amai amasankha:
mphete yachitsulo - 47,8%
piritsi limodzi - 24,3%
chithandizo chopangira chithandizo -10.9%
zina - 17%.