Philodendrons akukwera kapena zokwawa zamana. Iwo ali ndi nthambi zotsalira kapena zazing'ono zotsamba ndi mphukira, mizu yautali. Masamba awo ndi osiyana, mawonekedwe, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Zitha kukhala zochepetseka komanso zofiira zonyansa, zochepa kwambiri komanso zazikulu kwambiri, zowonongeka komanso zowonongeka kwambiri. Dera la pepalalo likhoza kufika mita imodzi. Mitengo ya mitundu ina imapangidwa mu utoto wofiira kapena emerald, ndipo imatha kukhala ndi masamba obiriwira.
Mitundu ina yomwe imamera m'madera ouma ndi mitundu yoletsedwa. Awa ndi mapuloteni ena omwe ali ndi masamba akuluakulu. Maluwa amapanga inflorescence wa makutu, ophimbidwa ndi chivundikiro. Maluwa a Philodendron oboepola.
Mitundu yambiri ya philodendrons ndi yabwino kukula mu zipinda zazikulu, chifukwa chipinda chokhala ndi chipinda chimakhala ndi malo ambiri. Mitundu iyi ndi yoyenera kukongoletsa mitsempha. Philodendrons ngati mafunde otentha ndi minda yachisanu, amamva bwino. Kuti nyumbayi ikhale yabwino kusankha mitundu yochepa yomwe imatuluka.
Philodendron ali ndi masamba osiyana, omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi aroid ena: tsamba la petiolate likuwonekera mkati mwa tsamba losweka. M'madera ena a philodendrons, masamba oundana amayamba kugwa ndikukhalabe pamwamba. Zina zimakhala nthawi yaitali, pomwe zimasintha ndi masamba obiriwira a petiolate.
Malamulo osamalira.
Kuunikira. Zomera zam'mlengalenga: philodendron sichilola kuwala kwa dzuwa, iwo amakonda kuwala kowala kwambiri kapena mthunzi wochepa. Zimakula bwino pafupi ndi mawindo akummawa ndi kumadzulo, nthawi zambiri amamva pawindo la kumpoto. Mukakulira pawindo lakumwera, philodendrons amafunika kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtunduwu ndi mtundu wa golide wagolide wotchedwa philodendron uyenera kuikidwa pamalo abwino. Mitundu ina, kuthamanga kwa filodendron, nthawi zambiri imakula m'miyezi yosiyanasiyana.
Kutentha kwa boma. Kawirikawiri, zomera za Philodendron ndi thermophilic. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, kutentha kumafunika kukhala 22-27 ° C, m'nyengo yozizira mochepa - 18-20 ° C. Mmera sumalekerera kutentha pansi pa 15 ° C. Philodendron-golide wakuda amamva bwino pa 18 ° C.
Kuthirira. M'nthaŵi ya kasupe mpaka yophukira, madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala ochuluka, m'dzinja imadulidwa. Gwiritsani ntchito chinyezi, zofewa, madzi ofunda pang'ono. Madzi a philodendron akhale pamwamba pa gawo lapansi. Musalole kuti madziwa asapitirire mu poto, chifukwa izi zidzatha kuwonongeka kwa mizu. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira ndi kochepa. Komabe, nthaka iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse, musalole kuti dothi liume.
Kutentha kwa mpweya. Zomera za philodendron zimafuna kutentha kwambiri. Pezani philodendron cheshuenosny ayenera kuikidwa m'chipinda cha teplichku. Pofuna kukwaniritsa chinyezi chachikulu, mphika ukhoza kuikidwa mu peat wothira ndi kutsanulira masamba a zomera nthawi zonse. Philodendrons ndi masamba akulu ayenera kupukutidwa ndi nsalu yonyowa. Musati muike chomera m'nyengo yozizira pafupi ndi bwalo lopaka kutentha. Mitundu ya philodendrons, yokhala ndi masamba okongola, imakonda kutentha kwa mpweya. Ndipo mitundu yotereyi monga reddish filodendron ndi filodendron ikukwera ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri komanso kutentha m'nyengo yozizira (12-15 ° C).
Kupaka pamwamba. Kupaka pamwamba kumachitika milungu itatu iliyonse kuyambira masika kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza zamchere zamchere kuti muchite izi. Zipangizo zazikulu zamakono zimalimbikitsidwa kudyetsedwa mlungu uliwonse, m'nyengo yozizira zimakhala zokwanira kamodzi pa mwezi.
Philodendrons, omwe ali ndi mimba yayitali yaitali, amakula ngati ampel zomera mu miphika yamphongo kapena miphika. Zokongola kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zokongola kwambiri pothandizira padera. Monga chithandizo, mungagwiritse ntchito ndodo kapena gawo la thunthu, ndikukulunga ndi mvula yonyowa sphagnum. Akuwombera omwe ali pa siteji ya kukula kwachangu, akulimbikitsidwa kupopera yankho la feteleza yosinthidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho chidzatsegula mwamsanga thandizo ndi nthambi zake. Nsonga za mphukira zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zizowonjezera kukula ndi kukongola kwa chomera.
Kusindikiza. Kuikapo kumachitika zaka 2-3, kawirikawiri m'chaka. Young zomera ayenera kuziika chaka ndi chaka. Gwiritsani ntchito gawo lopanda mphamvu kapena lolowerera - pH kuchokera 5.5 mpaka 7.0. Philodendrons amakonda nthaka yobiriwira, yosasunthika, yosavuta komanso yofiira. Zosakaniza zingakhale zotsatidwa izi: soddy, humus, nthaka ya peaty ndi mchenga mwa kuchuluka kwake - 1: 2: 1: 0, 5. Pansi pa mphika, pangani ngalande yabwino.
Zipinda zapanyumbazi zimakula komanso njira za hydroponics.
Kubalana. Sindikirani ma filodendrons ndi mbewu ndi vegetatively (zidutswa za stem ndi cuttings). Powonjezereka ndi zidutswa za apical ndi zidutswa za thunthu, onetsetsani kuti tsinde limodzi ndi thunthu zimakhala ndi impso imodzi. Pakuti mizu yawo imagwiritsira ntchito osakaniza ndi mchenga, pamene imapanga chikhalidwe cha kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha mkatikati mwa 25-30 ° C. Pankhani ya zidutswa zazikulu kapena ziwalo za thunthu, tanizani nthawi yomweyo mu mphika. Kuti mupange mizu yabwino, muyenera kujambulana ndi filimuyo, ndipo potero mumapanga zinthu zapamwamba.
Kusamala.
Philodendron ili ndi madzi owopsa. Ngati ikakhala pakhungu, ikhoza kukhumudwitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, zimayambitsa chisokonezo cha mphuno ya mphuno ndi maso. Pankhaniyi, pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi chomera, kudulira kapena kudula cuttings, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito magolovesi a mphira.
Zovuta za chisamaliro.
- Ngati nsonga ndi m'mphepete mwa masamba zikuwoneka mawanga a brownish ndipo masamba pang'onopang'ono akugwa, ndiye chomera chimakhala ndi mpweya wouma.
- Ngati madontho atulukira pamphuno, zimatanthauza kuti chipinda chimakhala chinyezi.
- Ngati masamba atsekemera, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimakhala ndi kuwala kochepa. Ngati masambawo ali ochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti philodendron amamva kuti alibe kuwala.
- Ngati dothi liri ndi kutentha kochepa, ndiye kuti lingayambitse mizu ya philodendron.
- Ngati masamba adatuluka mawanga owuma, ndiye kuti chomeracho chinalandira kutentha kwa dzuwa.
- Tizilombo: nkhanambo.