Kudziwa zizindikiro zowonongeka kotere kumathandiza kuti makolo athe kuyerekezera zomwe akuwonera, kuyankhulana ndi dokotala panthawi yolankhulana, pewani njira zothandizira. Kodi ndi matenda otani a ubongo ndi zovuta zomwe zimachitika mwa ana, fufuzani mu nkhani yokhudza "Zizindikiro za matenda a ubongo kwa ana."
Kumutu kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a ubongo
Mutu ndi malaise osaneneka, kumakhala malo achiwiri kwa ana monga momwe zimafala pambuyo pa kunenepa kwambiri. Koma kupweteka kumutu sikuyenera kuganiziridwa ngati chizindikiro chabe, chifukwa zifukwa zake zingakhale zosiyana - kuchokera ku matenda a maso, mwachitsanzo, osati kuwonetseredwa bwino, ku ziwalo zoopsa za ubongo. Migraines amafunikira chidwi chenicheni, nthawi zambiri ana ndi achinyamata.
Mitundu ya mutu
1. Kumutu kwa mutu: Kawirikawiri imayamba chifukwa cha mitsempha ya minofu, kukula kwa mitsempha ya magazi, ndi zina zotero kumutu: - Migraines. Zitha kuchitika kwa ana a zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, makamaka m'mabanja omwe alipo kale ana omwe ali ndi migraines. Atsikana ena ali ndi migraine yokhudzana ndi msambo. Ngakhale kuti zizindikiro za migraines mwa ana onse ndi zosiyana, zomwe zimakhala zofala kwambiri zimaganiziridwa:
- Ululu pa mbali imodzi kapena zonse ziwiri za mutu. Kwa ana aang'ono, mutu wonse umapweteka. Kupweteka kungakhale kupweteka kapena kupitirira (ngakhale ana ang'ono sangathe kufotokoza mobwerezabwereza momwe mutu wawo umapwetekera).
- Kumvetsa chisoni kumveka komanso kumveka.
- Nsoka, kusanza, kapena zonse.
- Ululu m'mimba.
- Kukwapula.
- Asanayambe kudwala, ana ena amavutika maganizo: asanawoneke mawanga akuwala, masomphenya amasintha, fungo losasangalatsa limamveka.
- Kupweteka mutu kumayambitsa matenda ndi matenda a ubongo ndi mtundu wambiri wa mutu. Zizindikiro za ana zimasiyana, zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndizo:
- Ululu pang'onopang'ono koma mosalekeza umachulukira.
- Kupweteka kumakhala kumalo komweko kumbali zonse ziwiri za mutu.
- Kupweteka kumakhala kosalala, ngati kuti hula hoop yolimba imayikidwa pamutu mwanu, kapena kuika pa khosi kapena khosi.
- Ululu wofatsa mpaka wochepa, koma osati wolimba.
- Kugonjetsa tulo.
- Kusasunthika, kusanza ndi kumva chisoni kumvetsa.
- Mutu wamphepete: Nthawi zambiri amawonetseredwa kwa ana oposa zaka 10, makamaka kwa anyamata. Kupweteka koteroko kungayambirenso kwa masabata kapena miyezi, miyendoyo imabwerezedwa pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri. Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndi izi:
- Ululu waukulu pambali imodzi ya mutu, nthawi zambiri kuzungulira diso. Chikopacho chikhoza kutsika, ngakhale kusakanikirana ndi kutentha, ophunzira amafuula.
- Phuno la Stuffy kapena kutuluka m'mphuno.
- Kutupa mphuno.
2. Kumutu kwa mutu: Izi ndizosavuta kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi vuto lachiberekero, zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matenda omwe amafunika kuwonekera. Kuzindikiritsa ululu koteroko ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa chithandizochi sichimangotanthauza kupweteka kokha, komanso chifukwa chomwe chinayambitsa, chomwe chingakhale chowopsya.
Matenda a meningitis omwe ali ndi matenda a ubongo
Ziwalo za mitsempha ya ubongo, ubongo ndi msana, zimaphimbidwa ndi ziwalo zofewa. Zigobowo sizingokwaniritsa ntchito zawo zokha, komanso zimakhala ngati chotchinga motsutsana ndi kulowerera kwa poizoni ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ngati tizilombo timatha kuthana ndi vutoli, kutuluka kwa mimba kumatuluka - mawuwa amatanthauza matenda onse opweteka omwe amachititsa mimbulu, mosasamala kanthu zomwe zimayambitsa, ngakhale kuti amatchedwa matenda opatsirana, kapena mabakiteriya, meningitis. Chowopsa kwambiri ndi matenda a Haemophilus influenzae mtundu b (Hib) kapena Neisseria meningitidis (magulu A, B, C, Y, W-135). Maningitis a chiwindi (aseptic) amapezeka kawirikawiri kwa ana ndipo amaonedwa kuti ndi oopsa kuposa mabakiteriya. Mavairasi ambiri amalowa m'kamwa kudzera m'kamwa, amachulukira m'thupi ndipo amachotsedwa pamodzi ndi nyansi. Ngati manja ali odetsedwa, kachilombo kameneka kakufalikira (njira iyi imatchedwa njira yofalitsa yachinsinsi). Choncho, kachilombo ka HIV kangapitirize kufalikira masabata onse atatha kuchiza.
Zomwe zimakhala zizindikiro za matenda a meningitis:
- Kutentha.
- Kumutu.
- Khutu khosi.
- Kusokonezeka kwapadera.
- Kuthamanga.
- Chisoni chowunika.
Zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza kuti chitukuko chimawopsa:
- Kugona ndi kutopa kwakukulu.
- Kuthamanga kwa khungu.
- Kusokonezeka.
- Chisoni chachikulu.
- Kutsegula m'mimba.
- Kupuma mofulumira.
Njira zothandizira. Gwiritsani ntchito mipango kuti musatenge kachilombo ka HIV, pafupi ndi nthawi yomwe sneezes kapena chifuwa cha wodwalayo ndi matenda a meningitis. Aliyense amene amasamalira wodwala ayenera kufunsa dokotala za mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti asamakhale ndi mankhwala. Katemera. Ana omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kapena matenda a mliri (anthu oposa 10 pa anthu 100,000) akhoza katemera kuti asamalidwe ndi Neisseria meningitidis (magulu A, B, C, Y, W-135). Palinso katemera motsutsana ndi Haemophilus influenzae ndi mabakiteriya ena omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chithandizo chimadalira mtundu wa tizilombo tizilombo timene timayambitsa matenda otchedwa meningitis, koma nthawi zonse timayendetsa mosatha. Matenda apadera a mavairasi a viral alipo, koma kawirikawiri zizindikiro zimakhala zabwino. Dokotala adzaganizira zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi kupereka mankhwala oyenera kwambiri, komanso amalangiza zowonongeka.
Matenda a Reye
Matenda a Reye ndi kutupa kwa ubongo (chifuwa chachikulu) ndi chiwindi, kuphatikizapo kutentha kwakukulu komanso chifukwa cha matenda a tizilombo kapena nkhuku poyambira ana omwe amalandira acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Matenda a Reye sali owonetseredwa mwa ana onse omwe ali ndi chithandizochi, koma ndi mwayi wokha wa Reye's syndrome ukuwonjezeka katatu. Kwa ana a msinkhu uliwonse, matenda a Reye amawonekera patatha sabata imodzi pambuyo pa chimfine, nkhuku, kapena kutentha kwapakati. Zikhoza kutsatizana ndi kusanza, kusintha kwa khalidwe, chisangalalo chochuluka, kukhuta, kugona, kutayika kwa minofu ndi chidziwitso, mwamsanga kumabweretsa kukhumudwa ndi kukhumudwa, ndipo nthawi zina kumwalira. Chithandizo chikuchitika mwamphamvu kwambiri, pansi pa zikhalidwe zosasinthika. Zimaphatikizapo kuika seramu ndi salt ndi shuga, komanso cortisone kuti athetse kutupa kwa ubongo. Ngakhale izi, nthawi zambiri amafunika kuyang'anitsitsa kupuma: nthawi zina, ana amafunikira chipangizo chopuma. 80% ya ana amachira mosavuta ku matenda, koma kwa ena zowonongeka ndizosavomerezeka kwambiri.
Poliomyelitis
Matendawa amachititsa kachilombo (mtundu wa poliovirus I, II ndi III) umene umakhudza nyanga zam'mimba za msana, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokoneza ubongo kwa minofu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayambe kuchita. Ngati zidazi zimagwedezeka, zipangizo zamagetsi sizilandira zokondweretsa, sizigwira ntchito, zimapha komanso zimagwera. Tsopano tikudziwa zomwe zizindikiro za matenda a ubongo kwa ana.